英語(yǔ)中省略現象較為普遍，對省略的考查已成為高考中的熱點(diǎn)。句子成分的省略，可分為以下幾種情況：
1.省略主語(yǔ)，主謂語(yǔ)或主謂的一部分
2.不定式符號to的省略
3.不定式結構中動(dòng)詞的省略
4.狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略
5.定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞的省略
6.虛擬語(yǔ)氣中if和should的省略
7.考查not, so, neither, nor的“替代性”省略
一、 在含有狀語(yǔ)從句的復合句中
由when，while，as, once，whenever引導的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；或由if，unless引導的條件狀語(yǔ)從句；由though，although，even if ，even though引導的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；由as though，as if，as引導的方式狀語(yǔ)從句；由because引導的原因狀語(yǔ)從句；由wherever引導的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，若從句的主句是it或與主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且在謂語(yǔ)中含有be時(shí)，常省略從句的主語(yǔ)和be。
高考鏈接：
1. When first ________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. (NMET 2004全國卷II)
A. introducing B. introduced
C. introduce D. being introduced
2. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ________ at the meeting by my boss. (NMET 2004全國卷IV)
A. questioning B. having questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned
3. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________ whether he was going in the right direction. (NMET 2003 安徽春)
A. seeing B. having seen
C. to have seen D. to see
4. Generally speaking, ________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. (NMET2003上海卷)
A. when taking B. when taken
C. when to take D. when to be taken
5. Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. (NMET 2003上海春)
A. invited B. inviting
C. being invited D. having invited
6. When ________ , the museum will be open to the public next year. (NMET 2002上海春)
A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed
7. Though ________ money, his parents man-aged to send him to university. (NMET 2002上海卷)
A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in
8. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it. (NMET 2002)
A. begins B. having begun
C. beginning D. begun
二、在限定性定語(yǔ)從句中
作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞that，which, whom可以省略；在以the same... as和such... as引導的定語(yǔ)從句中，可以省略與主句相同的部分；the way后面的定語(yǔ)從句中，可以省略that，in which；在含被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以省略關(guān)系代詞和be,省略之后,變成過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)。
9. —You 're always working. Come on, let's go shopping.
— ________ you ever want to do is going shopping. (NMET 2002北京、安徽、內蒙古春)
A. Anything B. Something
C. All D. That
10. Is this the reason ________ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? (NMET 2002上海春)
A. he explained B. what he explained
C. how he explained D. why he explained
11. What surprised me was not what he said but ________ he said it. (NMET 2004湖北卷)
A. the way B. in the way that
C. in the way D. the way which
12. It is easy to do the repair. ________ you need is a hammer and some nails. (NMET 2004天津卷)
A. Something B. All
C. Both D. Everything
13. That's an unpleasant thing to say about your father after ________ he's done for you. (NMET 2004全國卷)
A. something B. anything
C. all D. that
三、 在感官動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)中
在see，watch，hear，feel，observe，notice，listen to等感官動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)及make，have，let等使役動(dòng)詞之后的“賓語(yǔ)+不定式作賓語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)” 結構中，不定式前省略to；有時(shí)為了避免重復，常省略與上文表達相同意思的不定式符號to之后的內容，只保留不定式符號； 不定式在tell，ask， advise， wish， permit， force等動(dòng)詞后面作賓語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以省略，但要保留不定式符號to；不定式在happy，glad，eager，ready，willing等形容詞后面作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以省略，但要保留不定式符號to。
14. As you've never been there before, I'll have someone ________ you the way. (MET 1990上海卷)
A. to show B. show
C. showing D. showed
15. —I'll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat?
—Not at all, ________ . (NMET 1995)
A. I have no time B. I'd rather not
C. I'd like it D. I'd be happy to
16. —Does your brother intend to study German?
—Yes, he intends ________ . (NMET 1998上海卷)
A. / B. to C. so D. that
17. —Would you like to go to the Grand Theatre with me tonight?
— ________ . (NMET 1999上海卷)
A. Yes, I'd like to go to the Grand Theatre
B. I'd like to, but I have an exam tomorrow
C. No, I won't
D. That's right
18. —You should have thanked her before you left.
—I meant ________ , but when I was leaving I couldn't find her anywhere. (NMET 2000北京春招卷)
A. to do B. to
C. doing D. doing to
四、 在if引導的虛擬條件句中
在if引導的虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件句中含有had，were，should時(shí)，可以把had，were，should放在句首，省略if。
19. ________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. (NMET 1994上海卷)
A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will
20. ________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. (NMET 1995上海卷)
A. If it is not B. Were
C. Had it not been D. If they were not
五、 在否定結構中
由nor，neither等引導的連續否定的句子也是一種省略句，這種句子在意思上與前面的句子是相同的，而且主謂用倒裝。
高考鏈接：
21. I will know what was on his mind at the time, nor will ________ . (NMET 2004 江蘇卷)
A. anyone B. anyone else
C. no one D. no one else
22. Of the making of good books there is no end; neither ________ any end to their influence on man's lives. (NMET 2004 廣東卷)
A. there is B. there are
C. is there D. are there
23. —I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible!
— ________ . (NMET 2004全國卷III)
A. Nor am I B. Neither would I
C. Same with me D. So do I
