PEP小學(xué)英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型語(yǔ)法總結與分析
三年級起點(diǎn)的人教版PEP教材在小學(xué)階段共有8冊書(shū),其涉及的重要語(yǔ)法知識主要有7種:to be句型、there be句型、一般現在時(shí)句型、現在進(jìn)行時(shí)句型、一般過(guò)去時(shí)句型、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can引導的句型、be going to句型等?,F以5——8冊書(shū)為例,簡(jiǎn)要分析如下:
[一] to be句型:用于介紹個(gè)人情況如姓名、健康狀況、身份、國籍、家庭成員、朋友、職業(yè)等,描述地點(diǎn)、顏色、四季、日期、星期幾等,該句型廣泛分布于各冊教材中,其中5——8冊的句型主要有:
1. Who’s your English teacher?
2. What’s he like?
3. Is she quiet? No, she isn’t.
4. Is she strict?
5. What day is it today? It’s Wednesday.
6. What’s your favourite fruit/food…?
7. They’re sweet/ sour/ salty/ healthy/…
8. When is your birthday? It’s in May.
9. My birthday is in June.
10. Is her birthday in June?
11. What’s the date?
12.This is Zhang Peng.
13. Where is the cinema, please? It’s next to the hospital.
14. How tall are you
15. You are shorter than me.
16.You’re 4 cm taller than me.
17.How heavy are you?
18. I’m thinner than you, and shorter.
19. What’s the matter with you?
20. How are you, Liu Yun / Sarah?
[二] there be句型:表示存在,即:“某處有某物”或“某時(shí)有某事”。句型基本結構為:There is+ 可數名詞單數或不可數名詞+時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)。There are+可數名詞復數+地點(diǎn)。該句型主要分布在第5冊的Unit 5和Unit 6中,如:
1. There are two bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a living room.
2. There is a mirror, a bed and a big closet.
3. Is there a forest in the park?
4. Is there a river?
5. Are there any pandas in the mountains?
6. Are there any fish in the rivers?
[三] 一般現在時(shí)句型:表示習慣性的動(dòng)作或行為,或現在存在著(zhù)的狀況。句型基本結構為:主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞+其他。當主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數時(shí),要在動(dòng)詞原形后面加s或es,其他人稱(chēng)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)則用動(dòng)詞原形,在問(wèn)句及否定句中需要用助動(dòng)詞do或does。這種句型通常有一些標志詞,如:usually
Book5:
1. What do you have on Thursdays?
2. What do you do on Saturdays?
3. I do my homework.
4. What do you have for lunch on Mondays?
5. I like fruit. But I don’t like grapes.
Book6:
1. When do you eat dinner? I eat dinner at 7:00 in the evening.
2. When do you get up?
3. What do you do on the weekend?
4. Sometimes I visit my grandparents. I often play football. Sometimes I go hiking.
5. Which season do you like best? I like winter best.
6. Why do you like summer/winter?
Book7:
1. How do you go to school, Sarah?
2. Usually I go to school on foot.
3. I like collecting stamps. He likes collecting stamps, too.
4. Does she teach math?
5. Does she teach English
6. What does your mother do?
7. Where does she work?
8. How does she go to work?
9. Where does the rain come from?
10. Where does the cloud come from?
11. Where does the vapour come from?
12. The sun shines and the water becomes vapour.
13. How do you do that?
Book8:
1. My nose hurts.
2. How do you feel?
3. You look so happy.
[四] 現在進(jìn)行時(shí)句型:表示說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或事件,或在短期內正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的情況。標志詞是:now 也常用在Look! Listen!等后面。句型主要結構為:be動(dòng)詞(am, is, are)+動(dòng)詞現在分詞(v. ing)。該句型主要分布在第6冊Unit4, 5, 6中。如:
1. What are you doing?
2. Grandpa is writing a letter.
3. He is writing an e-mail in the study.
3. What is it doing ?
4. What is she doing ?
5. What are they doing ?
6. Are you eating lunch?
7. Are they eating the honey?
8. Is he playing chess?
9. Is she counting insects?
[五] 一般過(guò)去時(shí)句型:表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的而現在已經(jīng)結束的事件、動(dòng)作或情況。句型基本結構為:主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其他。標志詞通常是:yesterday, last week ,
1.What did you do last weekend?
2. Did you help them clean their room?
3.What did you do yesterday?
4. Did you read book?
5. Did you clean your room?
6.Where did you go on your holiday?
7. What did you do there?
8. How did you go there
此外,一般過(guò)去時(shí)也可用來(lái)表示客氣的詢(xún)問(wèn)。如:
Book3 Unit5, Book 5 Unit3中的:What would you like for lunch? I’d like some…
[六] 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can引導的句型:表示有能力做某事,can后面的動(dòng)詞要用原形。該句型主要分布在第5冊Unit4和第7冊Unit1中。如:
Book4: 1. What can you do?
2. I can water the flowers.
3. Can you make the bed?
4. Can you use a computer?
Book7:
[七] 將來(lái)時(shí):我們的教材中出現過(guò)兩種表示將來(lái)時(shí)的句型,即:will和be going to句型,主要以be going to句型為主,表示將要做某事或打算做某事。句型主要結構:am/is/are + going to + v.原形。標志詞有:tomorrow
Book7:
1. What are you going to do this weekend?
2. Where are you going?
3. How is he going to Beijing?
4. When is she going to Xiashan?
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