With an estimated fortune of $62 billion, Warren Buffett is the richest man in the entire world. In 1962, when he began buying stock in Berkshire Hathaway, a share cost $7.50. Today, Buffett, 78, is Berkshire's chairman and CEO, and one share of the company's class A stock worth close to $119,000. He credits his astonishing success to several key strategies, which he has shared with writer Alice Schroeder. She spend hundreds of hours interviewing the Sage of Omaha for the new authorized biography The Snowball. Here are some of Buffett's money-making secrets -- and how they could work for you.
沃倫?巴菲特擁有620億美元，這使他成為當今做富有的人。從1962年開(kāi)始，巴菲特便以每股7.5美元不斷買(mǎi)進(jìn)伯克希爾哈撒韋公司的股票，如今，他已經(jīng)是伯克希爾的董事會(huì )主席兼首席執行官，同時(shí)，他手中的股票已經(jīng)接近每股119000美元。在他取得驚人成功的背后，巴菲特對作家愛(ài)麗絲施羅德道出了幾條他成功的關(guān)鍵因素。愛(ài)麗絲為這本取自?shī)W馬哈的傳奇人物的自傳，花費了數百個(gè)小時(shí)。以下便是一些巴菲特的賺錢(qián)秘訣——以及這些秘訣如何能為你工作。
1. Reinvest Your Profits: When you first make money, you may be tempted to spend it. Don't. Instead, reinvest the profits. Buffett learned this early on. In high school, he and a pal bought a pinball machine to pun in a barbershop. With the money they earned, they bought more machines until they had eight in different shops. When the friends sold the venture, Buffett used the proceeds to buy stocks and to start another small business. By age 26, he'd amassed $174,000 -- or $1.4 million in today's money. Even a small sum can turn into great wealth.
1.利潤投資：當你第一次賺錢(qián)，你可能會(huì )去考慮花掉它。但請不要這樣做，相反，利潤再投資，這便是巴菲特在他早期的投資方式。在他上高中時(shí)，他和他的朋友將彈子游戲機出租理發(fā)店的老板。帶著(zhù)賺來(lái)的錢(qián)，他們又買(mǎi)了更多的彈子游戲機出租到八家不同的店中。當他的朋友賣(mài)這項合作項目的時(shí)候，巴菲特用賺來(lái)的錢(qián)買(mǎi)了股票并開(kāi)始投資于另一個(gè)商業(yè)中。到26歲時(shí)，他已經(jīng)積累到174000美元，而經(jīng)過(guò)這么多年后，這筆財富已經(jīng)增值到140萬(wàn)美元。即使是小數目的積累也會(huì )變成巨大的財富。
2. Be Willing To Be Different: Don't base your decisions upon what everyone is saying or doing. When Buffett began managing money in 1956 with $100,000 cobbled together from a handful of investors, he was dubbed an oddball. He worked in Omaha, not Wall Street, and he refused to tell his parents where he was putting their money. People predicted that he'd fail, but when he closed his partnership 14 years later, it was worth more than $100 million. Instead of following the crowd, he looked for undervalued investments and ended up vastly beating the market average every single year. To Buffett, the average is just that -- what everybody else is doing. to be above average, you need to measure yourself by what he calls the Inner Scorecard, judging yourself by your own standards and not the world's.
2.與眾不同：不要因為別人的所說(shuō)所做影響了自己的決定。1956年巴菲特拿著(zhù)10萬(wàn)美元和他的投資伙伴開(kāi)始了自己的投資，因為他的所作所為使他被稱(chēng)為少數的固執者。他沒(méi)有在華爾街而是在奧馬哈進(jìn)行投資，同時(shí)拒絕告訴他的伙伴他的投資方向，所以人們普遍預測他會(huì )失敗，但是當他在14年后結束這筆投資項目時(shí)，當初的財富已經(jīng)增值到1億美元。不同于跟隨大眾的投資方式，他投資于那些他認為被市場(chǎng)低估的公司，結果是每年都戰勝了市場(chǎng)的平均值。巴菲特認為要戰勝市場(chǎng)的平均值，你需要設計一張計分卡，不斷衡量自己的投資標準，判斷自己的執行標準而不是世界的。
3. Never Suck Your Thumb: Gather in advance any information you need to make a decision, and ask a friend or relative to make sure that you stick to a deadline. Buffett prides himself on swiftly making up his mind and acting on it. He calls any unnecessary sitting and thinking "thumb sucking." When people offer him a business or an investment, he says, "I won't talk unless they bring me a price." He gives them an answer on the spot.
3.拒絕幼稚：當得到那些可以對未來(lái)作出判斷的信息的時(shí)候，就需要作出決定，并要求你的朋友或者親友可以確保你堅持自己的決定。巴菲特為他能快速作出決定并堅持決定而自豪。他稱(chēng)那些不必要的會(huì )議和討論為“吮吸大拇指的幼稚行為”。當人們向他提供一項業(yè)務(wù)或者投資項目的時(shí)候，他會(huì )立刻給出他的答案：“在他們沒(méi)有給我一個(gè)價(jià)格前我是不會(huì )去考慮的?！?/font>
4. Spell Out The Deal Before You Start: Your bargaining leverage is always greatest before you begin a job -- that's when you have something to offer that the other party wants. Buffett learned this lesson the hard way as a kid, when his grandfather Ernest hired him and a friend to dig out the family grocery store after a blizzard. The boys spent five hours shoveling until they could barely straighten their frozen hands. Afterward, his grandfather gave the pair less than 90 cents to split. Buffett was horrified that he performed such backbreaking work only to earn pennies an hour. Always nail down the specifics of a deal in advance -- even with your friends and relatives.
4.事前確定底線(xiàn)：工作開(kāi)始之前的還價(jià)余力最大――開(kāi)始交易前明確自己的盈利底線(xiàn)。巴菲特小的時(shí)候學(xué)到這一課。當他的祖父歐內斯特請他和他的朋友在一次暴風(fēng)雪后鏟除家中雜貨店的積雪，孩子們手指凍僵花了5個(gè)小時(shí)鏟雪之后，他的祖父送給他一雙90美分的手套。巴菲特為他每小時(shí)工作才賺取十幾美分的回報感到震驚。永遠記住，工作前明確的每一個(gè)你需要了解的細節——即使是為你的朋友或者親戚。
5. Watch Small Expenses: Buffett invests in businesses run by managers who obsess over the tiniest costs. He one acquired a company whose owner counted the sheets in rolls of 500-sheet toilet paper to see if he was being cheated (he was). He also admired a friend who painted only on the side of his office building that faced the road. Exercising vigilance over every expense can make your profits -- and your paycheck -- go much further.
5.看緊小支出：在巴菲特的投資中，他需要經(jīng)理們能夠看到企業(yè)運行中不該花費的地方，即使是很小的成本。他曾經(jīng)在收購了一家衛生紙公司前，讓公司管理者去數衛生間的紙是否有500頁(yè)，從而確認自己是否被欺騙。他總是欽佩那些只粉刷臨街一面辦公室的朋友。不斷的訓練自己對那些超支項目的敏感性的認識，可以幫助你的財富和工資提高的更快。
6. Limit What You Borrow: Living on credit cards and loans won't make you rich. Buffett has never borrowed a significant amount -- not to invest, not for a mortgage. He has gotten many heart-rendering letters from people who thought their borrowing was manageable but became overwhelmed by debt. His advice: Negotiate with creditors to pay what you can. Then, when you're debt-free, work on saving some money that you can use to invest.
6.控制負債：依靠信用卡和貸款生活，不可能使你變的富有。巴菲特從來(lái)沒(méi)有借大量資金用于投資和抵押貸款。他收到很多來(lái)自人們的忠告：起初他們認為能夠管理好自己的債務(wù)最后卻被債務(wù)所淹沒(méi)。他的建議是：還清你的信用卡，在沒(méi)有債務(wù)的情況下去積累財富并不斷的投資。
7. Be Persistent: With tenacity and ingenuity, you can win against a more established competitor. Buffett acquired the Nebraska Furniture Mart in 1983 because he liked the way its founder, Rose Blumkin, did business. A Russian immigrant, she built the mart from a pawnshop into the largest furniture store in North America. Her strategy was to undersell the big shots, and she was a merciless negotiator. To Buffett, Rose embodied the unwavering courage that makes a winner out of an underdog.
7.堅持不懈：通過(guò)堅持和獨創(chuàng )性，你會(huì )戰勝你的競爭者。巴菲特在1983年收購內布拉斯加州家居超市是表示，他收購的理由是因為欣賞超市的創(chuàng )始人，羅斯?布朗金，一個(gè)來(lái)自俄羅斯移民，她把一個(gè)小當鋪經(jīng)營(yíng)成為北美地區做大的家具店。她的秘訣是低于市場(chǎng)價(jià)出售她的家具同時(shí)她也是一個(gè)無(wú)情的談判專(zhuān)家。對巴菲特而言，羅斯堅定的勇氣使她避免成為一個(gè)失敗者。
8. Know When To Quit: Once, when Buffett was a teen, he went to the racetrack. He bet on a race and lost. To recoup his funds, he bet on another race. He lost again, leaving him with close to nothing. He felt sick -- he had squandered nearly a week's earnings. Buffett never repeated that mistake. Know when to walk away from a loss, and don't let anxiety fool you into trying again.
8.知道何時(shí)退出：在巴菲特少年時(shí)，有一次他來(lái)到賽馬場(chǎng)賭了一場(chǎng)比賽，不幸的是他輸了比賽。為了贏(yíng)回損失，他又賭了另一場(chǎng)比賽，結果這一次使他輸掉了全部。他感到自己像一個(gè)病人——因為這場(chǎng)病使他失去了一個(gè)星期的收入。巴菲特不讓自己在同一塊石頭上摔倒兩次。不要讓焦慮迷惑了你的理性，要知道適時(shí)地退出以避免更大的損失。
9. Assess The Risk: In 1995, the employer of Buffett's son, Howie, was accused by the FBI of price-fixing. Buffett advised Howie to imagine the worst-and-bast-case scenarios if he stayed with the company. His son quickly realized that the risks of staying far outweighed any potential gains, and he quit the next day. Asking yourself "and then what?" can help you see all of the possible consequences when you're struggling to make a decision -- and can guide you to the smartest choice.
9.評估風(fēng)險：1995年，巴菲特兒子霍伊的雇主，被聯(lián)邦調查局指控操縱價(jià)格問(wèn)題。巴菲特告誡霍伊想像如果自己繼續留在這家公司最壞的結果是什么，他的兒子馬上認識到了風(fēng)險遠高于可能得到的收益，所以第二天便辭去了工作。當你在為做出決定而猶豫時(shí)，問(wèn)問(wèn)自己“之后會(huì )發(fā)生什么？”可以幫助你做出最聰明的選擇。
10. Know What Success Really Means: Despite his wealth, Buffett does not measure success by dollars. In 2006, he pledged to give away almost his entire fortune to charities, primarily the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. He's adamant about not funding monuments to himself -- no Warren Buffett buildings or halls. "I know people who have a lot of money," he says, "and they get testimonial dinners and hospital wings named after them. But the truth is that nobody in the world loves them. When you get to my age, you'll measure your success in life by how many of the people you want to have love you actually do love you. That's the ultimate test of how you've lived your life."
10.了解成功的真正意義：巴菲特的成功并不能用美元和他的財富衡量。2006年，他承諾捐出幾乎他的全部財富給慈善機構，其中主要是比爾和美琳達蓋茨基金。他從沒(méi)有資助為他而建的紀念碑和以沃倫?巴菲特命名的建筑或禮堂?！拔抑篮芏嘤绣X(qián)人,”他說(shuō)：“他們會(huì )得到成功宴會(huì )和以他們名字命名的醫院，但是事事實(shí)是世界上沒(méi)有人喜歡他們。當你到我的年齡，你就會(huì )衡量自己成功標準是這個(gè)世界上有多少人真正的熱愛(ài)你，當然，最終的考驗還是你是否活出了自己的人生?！?
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