永續農業(yè)的定義
定義
American Society of Agronomy (1989): (KSU)
永續農業(yè) (是一種農業(yè)系統，) 長(cháng)期行之，可以增進(jìn)資源以及環(huán)境品質(zhì)，以作為農業(yè)之所依據；可以提供人類(lèi)糧食以及纖維之所需，並且在經(jīng)濟上為可行，而能增進(jìn)農民以及整體社會(huì )生活的品質(zhì)。
(A sustainable agriculture is one that, over the long term, enhances environmental quality and the resource base on which agriculture depends; provides for basic human food and fiber needs; is economically viable; and enhances the quality of life for farmers and society as a whole.)
US Congress 1990 Farm Bill: (KSU)
永續農業(yè)是一種動(dòng)植物生產(chǎn)操作的整合系統，依地區的不同而有所差別，長(cháng)期行之可以
提供人類(lèi)糧食以及纖維之所需
對非再生資源以及農場(chǎng)資源作最有效的利用，而且能適當地整合自然的生物循環(huán)以及生物防治。
在經(jīng)濟可行之下持續農業(yè)生產(chǎn)。
增進(jìn)農民以及整體社會(huì )生活的品質(zhì)。
(Sustainable agriculture is an integrated system of plant and animal production practices having a site-specific application that over the long term will:
- Satisfy human food and fiber needs.
- Enhance environmental quality and the natural resource base upon which the agricultural economy depends.
- Make the most efficient use of nonrenewable resources and on-farm resources and integrate, where appropriate, natural biological cycles and controls.
- Sustain the economic viability of farm operations.
- Enhance the quality of life for farmers and society as a whole. )
永續農業(yè)的目標
- 農民具有利潤
- 產(chǎn)量穩定
- 糧食品質(zhì)佳
- 環(huán)境安全
- 可以保持水土
達到農業(yè)永續經(jīng)營(yíng)的方法
1.科技的
2.生產(chǎn)制度的
相關(guān)名詞
Alternative Agriculture 另類(lèi)農業(yè)：
免耕犁栽培、低投入農業(yè)、有機農業(yè) (永久農業(yè)、素食有機園藝 (生態(tài)村)、Biodynamics Farming、MOA自然農法)
免耕犁栽培 Non-tillage cultivation 增加除草劑的使用
低投入農業(yè) Low input agriculture LISA: Low Input Sustainable Agriculture
The term LISA was somewhat misleading and indeed unfortunate. For some it implied that farmers should starve their crops, let the weeds choke them out, and let insects clean up what was left. In fact, the term low-input referred to purchasing fewer off-farm inputs (usually fertilizers and pesticides), while increasing on-farm inputs (i.e., manures, cover crops, and especially management). Thus, a more accurate term would be different input or low external input rather than low-input. (KSU)
參考
What is Sustainable Agriculture? (UC Davis, Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program) http://www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/concept.htm
Introduction to Permaculture: Concepts and Resources (ATTRA, Appropriate Technology Transfer for Rural Areas) http://www.attra.org/attra-pub/perma.html
Alternative Agriculture-Related Internet Sites and Documents http://www.nal.usda.gov/afsic/afslinks.htm
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