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使用dom4j和XPath
配置開(kāi)發(fā)包
dom4j-1.6.1.jar
jaxen-1.1-beta-6.jar（XPath必備）
 
取某一節點(diǎn)
Element root = (Element) document.selectSingleNode("http://root");
 
取某一節點(diǎn)的屬性
Attribute attribute = (Attribute) document.selectSingleNode("http://root/cell/@value");
 
使用經(jīng)驗
我們在做系統間交互時(shí)，通常通過(guò)自定義的xml文件進(jìn)行數據交換。例如：系統A需要向系統B傳輸一個(gè)xml字串的條件如下：

   
       
           
            <?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?>
            <root systemid="Darenkou" userid="admin" default="DA" icon="0000">
                   <cell value=""/>
            </root>
           
       
   

系統A只需填充cell節點(diǎn)的value屬性值，我的建議是將這段xml寫(xiě)成本地文件，每次傳輸時(shí)首先讀取xml文件，再置cell節點(diǎn)的value屬性值，然后將xml對象轉變成字串傳給系統B。這樣的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是：一般systemid="Darenkou" userid="admin" default="DA" icon="0000" 是傳輸參數，當有所變動(dòng)時(shí)只需修改本地文件即可。
 
詳細例程
test.xml

   
       
           
            <?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?>
            <root id="TK12" name="管理員" value=""/>
           
       
   

 
XmlTest.java

   
       
           
            import java.io.File;
            import java.io.IOException;
            import java.io.StringWriter;
            import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
            import java.util.HashMap;
            import java.util.Iterator;
            
            import org.dom4j.Document;
            import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
            import org.dom4j.Element;
            import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
            import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
            import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
            
            public class XmlTest {
                   public static String generateXml(HashMap map) {
                          String strXml = null;
            
                          if (map != null) {
            
                                 SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
                                 Document document = null;
            
                                 try {
                                        document = reader.read(new File("D:/test.xml"));
                                 } catch (DocumentException e) {
                                        e.printStackTrace();
            
                                 }
            
                                 Element root = (Element) document.selectSingleNode("http://root");
                                 root.attribute("value").setValue("分布");
            
                                 Iterator iter = map.keySet().iterator();
                                 while (iter.hasNext()) {
                                        String key = (String) iter.next();
                                        String value = (String) map.get(key);
            
                                        Element element = root.addElement("cell").addAttribute("value",
                                                      key);
                                        element.addElement("element").addAttribute("type", "數值")
                                                      .addAttribute("name", "人數").addText(value);
            
                                 }
            
                                 strXml = encodeXml(document, "gb2312");
                          }
            
                          return strXml;
                   }
            
                   private static String encodeXml(Document document, String aEncode) {
                          // 進(jìn)行編碼轉換
                          StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
            
                          OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
                          format.setEncoding(aEncode);
            
                          try {
                                 XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(format);
                                 writer.setWriter(sw);
                                 writer.write(document);
                          } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                                 e.printStackTrace();
                          } catch (IOException e) {
                                 e.printStackTrace();
                          }
            
                          return sw.toString();
                   }
            
                   public static void main(String[] args) {
                          HashMap map = new HashMap();
                          map.put("上海", "200");
                          map.put("北京", "300");
                          map.put("天津", "300");
            
                          System.out.println(generateXml(map));
            
                   }
            }