美國醫生稱(chēng)，世界首例結合了三個(gè)人DNA的嬰兒以新方式誕生，目前看來(lái)身體健康。
The baby was born on 6 April after his Jordanian parents travelled to Mexico where they were cared for by US fertility specialists.
嬰兒出生于4月6日，此前其約旦父母來(lái)到墨西哥，接受美國的生育專(zhuān)家的治療。
Doctors led by John Zhang, from the New Hope Fertility Center in New York, decided to attempt the controversial procedure of mitochondrial transfer in the hope that it would give the couple a healthy child.
紐約新希望繁殖中心的張約翰領(lǐng)銜的醫生團隊決定嘗試存有爭議的線(xiàn)粒體移植，希望可以讓夫婦倆生育一個(gè)健康的孩子。
While many experts welcomed news of the birth, some raised concerns that the doctors had left the US to perform the procedure beyond the reach of any regulatory framework and without publishing details of the treatment.
許多專(zhuān)家歡迎這個(gè)消息，但也有人擔憂(yōu)醫生離開(kāi)美國，這超越了監管框架，且沒(méi)有公布治療細節。
Speaking to the New Scientist, Zhang said he went to Mexico where “there are no rules” and insisted that doing so was right. “To save lives is the ethical thing to do,” he said.
張對《新科學(xué)家》表示，他去墨西哥，那里“沒(méi)有法規”，他堅稱(chēng)這樣做是對的?！罢壬呛虾鮽惱淼氖??！?/strong>
Mitochondrial transfer was legalised in the UK in 2015 but so far no other country has introduced laws to permit the technique. The treatment is aimed at parents who have a high risk of passing on debilitating and even fatal genetic diseases to their children.
2015年線(xiàn)粒體移植在英國合法化，但迄今為止還沒(méi)有其他國家發(fā)布法律允許使用這一技術(shù)。該治療適用于那些攜帶高風(fēng)險將嚴重或致命疾病遺傳給子女的父母。
The boy’s mother carries genes for the fatal Leigh syndrome, which harms the developing nervous system. The faults affect the DNA in mitochondria, the tiny battery-like structures that provide cells with energy, and are passed down from mother to child.
男孩的母親有致命的亞急性壞死性腦脊髓病基因，這會(huì )危害正在發(fā)育的神經(jīng)系統。缺陷影響線(xiàn)粒體中的DNA，線(xiàn)粒體是像小電池一樣，為細胞功能，由母親傳給孩子。
Ten years after the couple married, the wife became pregnant but she lost the baby in the first of four miscarriages. The couple had a baby girl in 2005 who died at the age of six, and later, a second child who lived for only eight months. Tests on the wife showed that while she was healthy, about one-quarter of her mitochondria carried the genes for Leigh syndrome.
夫婦結婚10年，妻子懷孕，但孩子沒(méi)保住，后來(lái)又三次流產(chǎn)。夫婦2005年生下的女?huà)朐诹鶜q時(shí)死亡，后來(lái)第二個(gè)孩子只活了八個(gè)月。對妻子進(jìn)行檢測發(fā)現盡管她很健康，但她四分之一的線(xiàn)粒體攜帶亞急性壞死性腦脊髓病基因。
When the couple approached Zhang for help, he decided to try the mitochondrial transfer procedure. He took the nucleus from one of the woman’s eggs and inserted it into a healthy donor’s egg that had had its own nucleus removed. He then fertilised the egg with the husband’s sperm.
夫婦找張約翰尋求幫助，他決定嘗試線(xiàn)粒體移植。他從妻子的一個(gè)卵子中取出細胞核，將其植入一個(gè)健康捐贈者的去核卵子中，然后讓這個(gè)卵子被丈夫受精。
The US team created five embryos but only one developed normally. This was implanted into the mother and the baby was born nine months later.
美國團隊創(chuàng )造了五個(gè)胚胎，只有一個(gè)正常發(fā)育。然后將之置入母親子宮中，嬰兒九個(gè)月后誕生。
The baby is not the first child to be born with DNA from three people. In the 1990s, fertility doctors tried to boost the quality of women’s eggs by injecting cytoplasm, the cellular material that contains mitochondria, from healthy donor eggs.
嬰兒并非第一個(gè)擁有三人DNA的人，九十年代，繁殖醫生試圖通過(guò)注射細胞漿增強女性卵子質(zhì)量，這種細胞質(zhì)中含有健康捐贈者卵子中的線(xiàn)粒體。
The procedure led to several babies being born with DNA from the parents plus the healthy donor. Some of the children developed genetic disorders and the procedure was banned.
這一操作導致一些嬰兒出生時(shí)有自己的父母和另一個(gè)健康捐贈者的DNA。有些兒童出現基因疾病，這一操作被叫停。
Speaking about the latest case, Dusko Ilic, a stem cell scientist at King’s College London, said: “Without much ado, it appears the first mitochondrial donation baby was born three months ago. This was an ice-breaker. The baby is reportedly healthy. Hopefully, this will tame the more zealous critics, accelerate the field, and we will witness soon the birth of the first mitochondrial donation baby in the UK.”
談到最新的這一案例，倫敦國王學(xué)院的干細胞科學(xué)家Dusko Llic說(shuō)：“沒(méi)什么爭議，第一例線(xiàn)粒體移植嬰兒在三個(gè)月前出生，這是破冰事件。據報道嬰兒健康。我希望這會(huì )讓更激烈的批評者閉嘴，加快這一領(lǐng)域進(jìn)展，我們將很快在英國看到第一例線(xiàn)粒體捐贈嬰兒?！?/strong>
But some questions remained, he said. “By performing the treatment in Mexico, the team were not subject to the same stringent regulation as some other countries would insist on. We have no way of knowing how skilful or prepared they were, and this may have been a risky thing to do.
但還有一些問(wèn)題，“在墨西哥做這個(gè)，團隊不受其他一些國家要求的嚴格監管。我們沒(méi)發(fā)知道他們技術(shù)如何，準備是否充分，這應該是有風(fēng)險的?！?/strong>
“Was this the first time ever they performed the technique or were there other attempts and they are reporting this one because it was successful?
“這是他們第一次使用這種技術(shù)，還是有其他嘗試，他們只報道了成功的一次？”
“This and other important questions remain unanswered because this work has not been published and the rest of the scientific community has been unable to examine it in detail. It’s vital that that happens soon.”
“這些問(wèn)題還沒(méi)有得到解答，因為這一工作沒(méi)有公布，科學(xué)界沒(méi)法審查其細節。應該盡快公布，這至關(guān)重要?！?/strong>
Details of the birth are due to be presented at the American Society for Reproductive Medicine meeting in Salt Lake City in October.
細節定于在10月的鹽湖城美國生育醫學(xué)學(xué)會(huì )大會(huì )上公布。
Doug Turnbull, a neurology professor at Newcastle University who pioneered mitochondrial transfer in the UK, said the technique offered hope to mothers who carried mitochondrial DNA mutations.
從事英國線(xiàn)粒體移植前沿研究的紐卡斯爾大學(xué)神經(jīng)學(xué)教授Doug Turnbull說(shuō)，這一技術(shù)為那些線(xiàn)粒體DNA變異的母親提供希望。
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