我是 ?茉莉英語(yǔ)Moli?，很高興回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
在介紹什么是狀語(yǔ)從句之前，Moli 先帶你總結一下英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法從句模塊。
除特殊句式外，英語(yǔ)上只有三 大從句：?狀語(yǔ)從句?、?定語(yǔ)從句?、?名詞性從句?。而 ?名詞性從句? 又分為主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句。
有了這個(gè)圖之后，最起碼從句這部分就有一個(gè)大的輪廓，在腦子中有個(gè)系統的認識。
學(xué)好這些基本語(yǔ)法對于高中寫(xiě)作和大學(xué)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作都是有幫助的，這些模塊是有語(yǔ)感的，但是語(yǔ)感有時(shí)候建立在中文翻譯上了，所以會(huì )出錯。再比如說(shuō)，某些學(xué)校的交換生會(huì )被老師留下來(lái)做語(yǔ)法題，所以，語(yǔ)感并不都對，所以語(yǔ)感加上知識理解才會(huì )更加有保障。每一語(yǔ)法模塊都有相應的解題思路，跟著(zhù) Moli 一起攻克吧。
1. 表示時(shí)間
When I heard the news, I was delighted.
當我聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息時(shí)，我很開(kāi)心。
2. 表示原因
Because I was ill, I didn't go to school.
因為我病了，所以我沒(méi)去上學(xué)。
3. 表示讓步
Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.
雖然正在下雨，他們仍然在地里干活。
4. 表示條件
We will have a picnic if it doesn't rain.
如果不下雨，我們將去野餐。
5. 表示方式
He acted as if nothing had happened.
他表現的好像什么都沒(méi)發(fā)生。
6. 表示比較
① I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.
② He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford.
③ The busier he is, the happier he feels.
7. 表示地點(diǎn)
They followed the taxi wherever it went. Where there is a will, there is a will.
8. 表示目的
You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all.
9. 表示結果
He was so excited that he could not say a word.
狀語(yǔ)從句有 九大類(lèi)，有很多連接詞，連接詞是要翻譯的。
還有一種從句，關(guān)系詞是不需要翻譯的，我們先來(lái)看一個(gè)句子，?I have a book which is written by Luxun. 我有一本魯迅先生寫(xiě)的書(shū)。?，which 翻譯了嗎？沒(méi)有啊。這是定語(yǔ)從句，Moli 這里有資料，可以關(guān)注我，私信我，或者關(guān)注 微$信$公$眾$號【茉莉英語(yǔ)Moli】ID：Moli_English，跟著(zhù) Moli 一起學(xué)習英語(yǔ)。
· 連接詞
(1) when, while, as
(2) before, after, since, till, until, not…until
(3) the first / second… / last time, every time, each time, next time,
(4) as soon as, the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, hardly…when, scarcely…when, no sooner…than
· 例句
① He became sad and angry when he saw pictures of hungry people in Africa.
② Before the competition started, the girls chatted with each other. Go to bed and don't get up until you feel better.
③ After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English.
④ Since I was a child I have lived in England.
⑤ I will ring you as soon as I have any more information.
⑥ Go to bed and don't get up until you feel better.
⑦ I will turn off the light as soon as I leave a room.
⑧ Hardly had I got home when the rain poured down.
· 重難點(diǎn)
? 1. while 引導的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是可延續的，而 when 引導的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞既可以是延續的，也可以是表短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞
如：
① When / While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring.
② When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. （不可用 while）
? 2. 從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，只能用 when 引導這個(gè)從句，不可用 as 或 while
如：
When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.
? 3. 表示 ?隨著(zhù)……?，連詞用 as，不用 when 或 while
如：
As the election approached, the violence got worse.
? 4. 如果主句表示的是短暫動(dòng)作，而從句用延續性動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行 時(shí)態(tài)表示在一段時(shí)間內正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作時(shí)，when, while 與 as 可互換使用。
如：
When / While / As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.
※ when 也可引導原因狀語(yǔ)從句，相當于 since, considering that ?既然，考慮到?
如：
It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes.
· 連接詞
where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere
· 例句
① Where he had mistakes, he admitted these willingly.
② They followed the taxi wherever it went.
③ He would live with his grandmother anywhere she lived.
④ Everywhere they lived, they were warmly received.
⑤ Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成
· 連接詞
because, since, as, now that, seeing that, considering that
· 例句
① Since you feel tired, you should take a good rest.
② As I didn't know the way, I asked a policeman.
③ Now that you have expressed your determination, you should act.
※ when 也可引導原因狀語(yǔ)從句，相當于 since, considering that ?既然，考慮到?
如：
It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes.
· 連接詞
if, unless, as(so) long as, in case, on condition that, suppose / supposing, provided / providing that
· 例句
① Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.
② If you are not too tired, let's go out for a walk.
· 連接詞
although, though, even though / if, as, while, no matter… which / what / when / where / who / how, whichever, wherever, whatever, whoever, whenever, however, whether…or (不管…還是…)
· 例句
① Whether you believe it or not, it is true.
② Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.
③ He is very old, but he still works very hard.
④ We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad.
⑤ Late as it was, they continued the work.
· 連接詞
so that, so…that, such…that
· 例句
【so…that】
so + adj. / adv. + that
She is so beautiful that everyone loves her.
so + adj. + a / an + 可數名詞單數 + that
She is so beautiful a girl that everyone loves her.
so + many / much / few / little + 名詞 + that
They have so many apples that they give some of them to others.
【such... that】
such + a(an) + adj. + 單數名詞 + that
She is such a beautiful girl that everyone loves her.
such + adj. + 復數名詞 + that
They are such interesting books that I want to read them again.
such + adj. + 不可數名詞 + that
① It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home.
② She was ill, so that she didn't attend the meeting.
③ He was so excited that he could not say a word.
④ She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.
· 連接詞
so that, in order that, in case, for fear that, lest
· 例句
① You must speak louder so that / in order that you can be heard by all.
② He wrote the name down for fear that / lest he should forget it.
③ Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.
· 連接詞
as, as if / as though
· 例句
【as 翻譯成「正如，好像」】
① Always do to the others as you would be done by.
② As water is to fish, air is to man.
③ Just as we sweep our rooms, we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.
【as if 和 as though】
兩者意義和用法相同，引出的狀語(yǔ)從句多用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與事實(shí)相反，有時(shí)也用于陳述性語(yǔ)氣，表示所說(shuō)的情況是事實(shí)或實(shí)現的可能性很大。
常譯作 ?仿佛，好像?
① They completely ignore these facts as if\as though they never existed.
② He looks as if as though he had been hit by lighting. It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.
as if 和 as though 也可以引導一個(gè)分詞短語(yǔ)、不定式短語(yǔ)或無(wú)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)
如：
① He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.
② He cleared his throat as if to say something.
③ The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.
④ He acted as if nothing had happened.
· 連接詞
than, as…as, not so / as…as, the + 比較級…, the + 比較級…
· 例句
① I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.
② He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford.
③ The busier he is, the happier he feels.
1. You cannot take back your words ______ they are out of your mouth.
A. before
B. whether
C. once
D. while
2. You can get respect from others only ______ you respect yourself．
A. because
B. when
C. before
D. unless
3. In your life, sometimes you might end up back ______ you started.
A. who
B. when
C. where
D. which
4. ______ Stephon Marbury is an American, he has become a role model among Beijing
basketball fans.
A. As
B. Although
C. When
D. Since
5. I can remember my first day of school ______ it were yesterday．
A. in case
B. even though
C. as if
D. now that
6. Milk will turn sour soon on hot days ______ it is stored in the refrigerator.
A. since
B. until
C. because
D. unless
7. Quietness seems impossible _____ everyone takes their seats and begins to write．
A. until
B. after
C. for
D. once
8. You can smoke here _____ you leave a window open to let the smoke out.
A. even though
B. so that
C. in case
D. as long as
9. I'm sorry you've been waiting so long, but it'll still be some time _____ Tom gets back.
A. when
B. before
C. after
D. since
10.- Why did you come here?
—— I moved here for the job. There was no work for me _______ I came from.
A. why
B. what
C. where
D. how
總之呢，語(yǔ)言學(xué)習是一個(gè)漫長(cháng)的過(guò)程，不會(huì )因為今天努力了，明天就有效果體現出來(lái)的。建議大家對學(xué)習的對象要有一個(gè)系統的認識，模塊化，知道自己學(xué)過(guò)什么，在學(xué)什么， 要學(xué)什么，在腦子里都會(huì )有一個(gè)清晰的思維導圖。
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