在线看片精品国产日韩_ C#序列化與反序列化學(xué)習筆記

本筆記摘抄自：https://www.cnblogs.com/maitian-lf/p/3670570.html，記錄一下學(xué)習過(guò)程以備后續查用。

序列化是把一個(gè)內存中的對象的信息轉化成一個(gè)可以持久化保存的形式，以便于保存或傳輸。序列化的主要作用是不同平臺之間進(jìn)行通信，常用的序

列化有json、xml、文件等，下面就逐個(gè)講下這三種序列化的方法。

一、序列化為json

C#中用于對象和json相互轉換的原生類(lèi)有兩個(gè)：DataContractJsonSerializer和JavaScriptSerializer，其中JavaScriptSerializer主要用于web瀏覽器和服

務(wù)器之間的通信。這里主要講DataContractJsonSerializer的使用，要使用DataContractJsonSerializer，先要在項目中引用System.Runtime.Serialization。

首先準備一個(gè)測試的類(lèi)Book：

    class Program    {        /// <summary>        /// Book類(lèi)        /// </summary>        [DataContract]        class Book        {            [DataMember]            public int ID { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public string Name { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public float Price { get; set; }        }        static void Main(string[] args)        {        }    }

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[DataContract]指定該類(lèi)型要定義或實(shí)現一個(gè)數據協(xié)定，并可由序列化程序（如System.Runtime.Serialization.DataContractSerializer）進(jìn)行序列化。

[DataMember]當應用于類(lèi)型的成員時(shí)，指定該成員是數據協(xié)定的一部分并可由System.Runtime.Serialization.DataContractSerializer進(jìn)行序列化。

首先創(chuàng )建一個(gè)Book對象，然后實(shí)例化一個(gè)DataContractJsonSerializer實(shí)例，最后用該實(shí)例的WriteObject()方法將對象寫(xiě)到流中，代碼如下：

    class Program    {        /// <summary>        /// Book類(lèi)        /// </summary>        [DataContract]        class Book        {            [DataMember]            public int Id { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public string Name { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public float Price { get; set; }        }        static void Main(string[] args)        {            #region 對象序列化為json            Book book = new Book() { Id = 101, Name = "C#程序設計", Price = 79.5f };            //序列化為json            DataContractJsonSerializer jsonSerializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(Book));            using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream())            {                jsonSerializer.WriteObject(stream, book);                string result = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(stream.ToArray());                Console.WriteLine(result);            }            Console.Read();            #endregion        }    }

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運行結果如下：

將一個(gè)json格式的字符串反序列化為對象是用DataContractJsonSerializer實(shí)例的ReadObject()方法，代碼如下：

    class Program    {        /// <summary>        /// Book類(lèi)        /// </summary>        [DataContract]        class Book        {            [DataMember]            public int Id { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public string Name { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public float Price { get; set; }        }        static void Main(string[] args)        {            #region json反序列化為對象            Book book = new Book();            //json反序列化為對象            string oriStr = "{\"Id\":101,\"Name\":\"C#程序設計\",\"Price\":79.5}";            DataContractJsonSerializer jsonSerializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(Book));            using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(oriStr)))            {                Book outBook = jsonSerializer.ReadObject(stream) as Book;                Console.WriteLine($"{outBook.Id} {outBook.Name} {outBook.Price}");            }            Console.Read();            #endregion        }    }

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運行結果如下：

我們也可以把上面的json序列化與反序列為封裝成泛型方法，這樣可以公用，全部代碼如下：

    class Program    {        /// <summary>        /// Book類(lèi)        /// </summary>        [DataContract]        class Book        {            [DataMember]            public int Id { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public string Name { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public float Price { get; set; }        }        public class SerializerHelper        {            /// 將對象序列化為json文件            /// </summary>            /// <typeparam name="T">類(lèi)型</typeparam>            /// <param name="t">實(shí)例</param>            /// <param name="path">存放路徑</param>            public static void ObjectToJson<T>(T t, string path) where T : class            {                DataContractJsonSerializer formatter = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(T));                using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(path, FileMode.OpenOrCreate))                {                    formatter.WriteObject(stream, t);                }            }            /// <summary>            /// 將對象序列化為json字符串            /// </summary>            /// <typeparam name="T">類(lèi)型</typeparam>            /// <param name="t">實(shí)例</param>            /// <returns>json字符串</returns>            public static string ObjectToJson<T>(T t) where T : class            {                DataContractJsonSerializer formatter = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(T));                using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream())                {                    formatter.WriteObject(stream, t);                    string result = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(stream.ToArray());                    return result;                }            }            /// <summary>            /// 將json字符串反序列化為對象            /// </summary>            /// <typeparam name="T">類(lèi)型</typeparam>            /// <param name="json">json格式字符串</param>            /// <returns>對象</returns>            public static T JsonToObject<T>(string json) where T : class            {                DataContractJsonSerializer formatter = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(T));                using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(json)))                {                    T result = formatter.ReadObject(stream) as T;                    return result;                }            }        }        static void Main(string[] args)        {            #region json序列化與反序列化泛型方法            Book book = new Book() { Id = 101, Name = "C#程序設計", Price = 79.5f };            //對象序列化為json            string result = SerializerHelper.ObjectToJson(book);            Console.WriteLine(result);            //json反序列化為對象            string oriStr = "{\"Id\":101,\"Name\":\"C#程序設計\",\"Price\":79.5}";            Book outBook = SerializerHelper.JsonToObject<Book>(oriStr);            Console.WriteLine($"{outBook.Id} {outBook.Name} {outBook.Price}");            Console.Read();            #endregion        }    }

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運行結果如下：

二、序列化為xml

C#中將對象序列化和反序列化為xml的類(lèi)是XmlSerializer，要引用System.Xml.Serialization。

首先創(chuàng )建一個(gè)XmlSerializer對象實(shí)例，然后用實(shí)例的Serialize方法將對象寫(xiě)入到文件流中，代碼如下：

    public class Program    {        /// <summary>        /// Book類(lèi)        /// </summary>        [DataContract]        public class Book        {            [DataMember]            public int Id { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public string Name { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public float Price { get; set; }        }        static void Main(string[] args)        {            #region 對象序列化為xml(文件流)            Book book = new Book() { Id = 101, Name = "C#程序設計", Price = 79.5f };            XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Book));            using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(@"E:\book.xml", FileMode.OpenOrCreate))            {                xmlSerializer.Serialize(stream, book);            }            Console.Read();            #endregion        }    }

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程序運行后會(huì )在c盤(pán)產(chǎn)生一個(gè)book.xml文件，內容如下：

<?xml version="1.0"?><Book xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">  <Id>101</Id>  <Name>C#程序設計</Name>  <Price>79.5</Price></Book>

當然也可以將對象轉換成對象流，然后轉換成xml格式的字符串，代碼如下：

    public class Program    {        /// <summary>        /// Book類(lèi)        /// </summary>        [DataContract]        public class Book        {            [DataMember]            public int Id { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public string Name { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public float Price { get; set; }        }        static void Main(string[] args)        {            #region 對象序列化為xml(對象流)            Book book = new Book() { Id = 101, Name = "C#程序設計", Price = 79.5f };            XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Book));            using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream())            {                xmlSerializer.Serialize(stream, book);                string result = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(stream.ToArray());  //轉換成xml字符串                Console.WriteLine(result);            }            Console.Read();            #endregion        }    }

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運行結果如下：

將xml文件反序列化的方法是用XmlSerializer實(shí)例的Deserialize()方法，代碼如下：

    public class Program    {        /// <summary>        /// Book類(lèi)        /// </summary>        [DataContract]        public class Book        {            [DataMember]            public int Id { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public string Name { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public float Price { get; set; }        }        static void Main(string[] args)        {            #region xml文件反序列化為對象            Book book = new Book() { Id = 101, Name = "C#程序設計", Price = 79.5f };            XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Book));            using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(@"E:\book.xml", FileMode.OpenOrCreate))            {                XmlReader xmlReader = new XmlTextReader(stream);                Book outBook = xmlSerializer.Deserialize(xmlReader) as Book;//反序列化                Console.WriteLine($"{outBook.Id} {outBook.Name} {outBook.Price}");            }            Console.Read();            #endregion        }    }

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運行結果如下：

我們同樣也可以把上面的xml序列化與反序列為封裝成泛型方法，這樣可以公用，全部代碼如下：

    public class Program    {        /// <summary>        /// Book類(lèi)        /// </summary>        [DataContract]        public class Book        {            [DataMember]            public int Id { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public string Name { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public float Price { get; set; }        }        /// <summary>        /// 序列化反序列化幫助類(lèi)        /// </summary>        public class SerializerHelper        {            /// <summary>            /// 將對象序列化為xml文件            /// </summary>            /// <typeparam name="T">類(lèi)型</typeparam>            /// <param name="t">對象</param>            /// <param name="path">xml存放路徑</param>            public static void ObjectToXml<T>(T t, string path) where T : class            {                XmlSerializer formatter = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));                using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(path, FileMode.OpenOrCreate))                {                    formatter.Serialize(stream, t);                }            }            /// <summary>            /// 將對象序列化為xml字符串            /// </summary>            /// <typeparam name="T">類(lèi)型</typeparam>            /// <param name="t">對象</param>            public static string ObjectToXml<T>(T t) where T : class            {                XmlSerializer formatter = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));                using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream())                {                    formatter.Serialize(stream, t);                    string result = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(stream.ToArray());                    return result;                }            }            /// <summary>            /// 將xml文件反序列化為對象            /// </summary>            /// <typeparam name="T">類(lèi)型</typeparam>            /// <param name="t">對象</param>            /// <param name="path">xml路徑</param>            /// <returns>對象</returns>            public static T XmlToObject<T>(T t, string path) where T : class            {                XmlSerializer formatter = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));                using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(path, FileMode.OpenOrCreate))                {                    XmlReader xmlReader = new XmlTextReader(stream);                    T result = formatter.Deserialize(xmlReader) as T;                    return result;                }            }        }        static void Main(string[] args)        {            #region xml序列化與反序列化泛型方法            Book book = new Book() { Id = 101, Name = "C#程序設計", Price = 79.5f };            //對象序列化為xml            SerializerHelper.ObjectToXml(book, @"E:\book.xml");            //xml反序列化為對象            Book outBook = SerializerHelper.XmlToObject(book, @"E:\book.xml");            Console.WriteLine($"{outBook.Id} {outBook.Name} {outBook.Price}");            Console.Read();            #endregion        }    }

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三、序列化為二進(jìn)制文件

C#中將對象序列化和反序列化為二進(jìn)制文件的類(lèi)是BinaryFormatter，要引用System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary，另外Book類(lèi)頭要加

[Serializable]屬性。

先創(chuàng )建一個(gè)BinaryFormatter對象實(shí)例，然后用實(shí)例的Serialize的方法將對象寫(xiě)入到文件流中，代碼如下：

    public class Program    {        /// <summary>        /// Book類(lèi)        /// </summary>        [DataContract]        [Serializable]        public class Book        {            [DataMember]            public int Id { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public string Name { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public float Price { get; set; }        }        static void Main(string[] args)        {            #region 對象序列化為二進(jìn)制文件            Book book = new Book() { Id = 101, Name = "C#程序設計", Price = 79.5f };            //對象序列化為二進(jìn)制文件            BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();            using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(@"E:\book.txt", FileMode.OpenOrCreate))            {                formatter.Serialize(stream, book);            }            Console.Read();            #endregion        }    }

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可以通過(guò)BinaryFormatter類(lèi)型實(shí)例的Deserialize()方法把二進(jìn)制文本反序列化為對象，代碼如下：

    public class Program    {        /// <summary>        /// Book類(lèi)        /// </summary>        [DataContract]        [Serializable]        public class Book        {            [DataMember]            public int Id { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public string Name { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public float Price { get; set; }        }        static void Main(string[] args)        {            #region 將二進(jìn)制文件反序列化為對象            Book book = new Book() { Id = 101, Name = "C#程序設計", Price = 79.5f };            //序列化文件            BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();            using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(@"E:\book.txt", FileMode.OpenOrCreate))            {                Book outBook = formatter.Deserialize(stream) as Book;                Console.WriteLine($"{outBook.Id} {outBook.Name} {outBook.Price}");            }            Console.Read();            #endregion        }    }

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運行結果如下：

我們同樣也可以把序列化和把序列化為二進(jìn)制文件的方法封裝成泛型方法，全部代碼如下：

    public class Program    {        /// <summary>        /// Book類(lèi)        /// </summary>        [DataContract]        [Serializable]        public class Book        {            [DataMember]            public int Id { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public string Name { get; set; }            [DataMember]            public float Price { get; set; }        }        /// <summary>        /// 序列化反序列化幫助類(lèi)        /// </summary>        public class SerializerHelper        {            #region 二進(jìn)制文件序列化反序列化            /// <summary>            /// 將對象序列化為字符串            /// </summary>            /// <typeparam name="T">類(lèi)型</typeparam>            /// <param name="t">實(shí)例</param>            /// <returns>字符串</returns>            public static string ObjectToString<T>(T t)            {                BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();                using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream())                {                    formatter.Serialize(stream, t);                    string result = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(stream.ToArray());                    return result;                }            }            /// <summary>            /// 將對象序列化為二進(jìn)制文件            /// </summary>            /// <typeparam name="T">類(lèi)型</typeparam>            /// <param name="t">實(shí)例</param>            /// <param name="path">存放路徑</param>            public static void ObjectToBinaryFile<T>(T t, string path)            {                BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();                using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(path, FileMode.OpenOrCreate))                {                    formatter.Serialize(stream, t);                    stream.Flush();                }            }            /// <summary>            /// 將字符串反序列為對象            /// </summary>            /// <typeparam name="T">類(lèi)型</typeparam>            /// <param name="s">字符串</param>            /// <returns>對象</returns>            public static T StringToObject<T>(string s) where T : class            {                byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(s);                BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();                using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(buffer))                {                    T result = formatter.Deserialize(stream) as T;                    return result;                }            }            /// <summary>            /// 將二進(jìn)制文件反序列化為對象            /// </summary>            /// <typeparam name="T">類(lèi)型</typeparam>            /// <param name="path">路徑</param>            /// <returns>對象</returns>            public static T BinaryFileToObject<T>(string path) where T : class            {                using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Open))                {                    BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();                    T result = formatter.Deserialize(stream) as T;                    return result;                }            }            #endregion        }        static void Main(string[] args)        {            #region 二進(jìn)制文件序列化反序列化泛型方法            Book book = new Book() { Id = 101, Name = "C#程序設計", Price = 79.5f };            //對象序列化為二進(jìn)制文件            SerializerHelper.ObjectToBinaryFile(book, @"E:\book.txt");            //二進(jìn)制文件反序列化為對象            Book outBook = SerializerHelper.BinaryFileToObject<Book>(@"E:\book.txt") as Book;            Console.WriteLine($"{outBook.Id} {outBook.Name} {outBook.Price}");            Console.Read();            #endregion        }    }

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運行結果如下：

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