美國人的壽命正在縮短
Life expectancy is still rising, but not nearly at the same pace as other wealthy nations due to high rates of smoking and obesity.
全球的平均壽命正在延長(cháng)，但是美國人由于過(guò)度吸煙以及肥胖癥，其壽命的增長(cháng)速度并沒(méi)有其他發(fā)達國家快。
THE GIST
摘要
Mortality records from 21 countries show the United States trailing behind nine other rich nations in life-span gains.
21個(gè)國家的死亡記錄表明，美國人的壽命增長(cháng)落后于其他9個(gè)發(fā)達國家
Cigarette smoking and obesity are two major causes of this gap.
造成這種差距的主要原因是吸煙和肥胖
The United States spends more on health care than any other country.
然而，美國在衛生保健方面的投資比其他任何國家都多
High smoking rates in the past, combined with widespread obesity, continue to chip away at U.S. life expectancy compared to other wealthy nations, a study released Tuesday said.
本周二發(fā)布的一項研究表明，美國過(guò)去的高吸煙率以及普遍的肥胖現象導致了其平均壽命落后于其他發(fā)達國家
Over the past 25 years, life expectancy after 50 has risen in the United States, but at a slower rate than in countries like Japan and Australia, said the National Academy of Sciences report.
在過(guò)去的25年中，美國人超過(guò)50歲的平均壽命有所增加，但是與日本、澳大利亞這樣的國家相比其增長(cháng)速度還是很低，美國國家科學(xué)院報道說(shuō)。
The gap sounded the alarm among government researchers because the United States spends more on health care than any other country, said the study which examined mortality records in 21 countries.
對21個(gè)國家的死亡率記錄盡享研究的調查表明，由于美國在衛生保健方面比其他國家投入都多，這樣大的差距給美國政府敲響了警鐘。
Men in the U.S. showed an increase in life expectancy of 5.5 years between 1980 and 2006 for an average lifespan of 75.64 years, while U.S. women's lifespans expanded from 77.5 to 80.7 years.
自1980到2006年，美國男性的人均壽命增加了5.5歲，平均壽命為75.64歲，然而女性的人均壽命從77.5增加到80.7歲
"Three to five decades ago, smoking was much more widespread in the U.S. than in Europe or Japan, and the health consequences are still playing out in today's mortality rates," said the report. "Smoking appears to be responsible for a good deal of the differences in life expectancy, especially for women."
三十年到五十年之前，美國的吸煙率遠高于歐洲或者日本，直接影響了現在的死亡率，報道稱(chēng)，吸煙是造成平均壽命差距的罪魁禍首，尤其是對女性。
Cigarette smoking also appears to have dented life expectancy in Denmark and the Netherlands, the report said, noting those two nations showed "lower life expectancy trends than comparable high-income countries."
報道稱(chēng)，吸煙問(wèn)題也導致了丹麥和荷蘭的人均壽命縮減，這兩個(gè)國家的人均壽命也比相對高收入的國家低。
Globally, women tended to pick up smoking later than men, and started quitting later than men, too.
從全球角度看，女性比男性開(kāi)始吸煙的晚，但同時(shí)戒煙也比男性晚.。
In 1980, average U.S. life expectancy for women at age 50 was 30.6 years, similar to women in nine other industrialized countries.
1980年，美國50歲的女性的預期壽命為30.6年，與其他工業(yè)國家的女性壽命相似
But in 2007, women in America gained just 2.5 years for a 33.1 year life expectancy at age 50, compared to gains of 6.4 years in Japan, 5.2 years in Italy and 3.9 years on average among the nine other rich countries.
但是在2007年，50歲女性的預期壽命增加到33.1，增加了2.5，而日本的女性預期壽命增加了6.4年，意大利增加了5.2年，其他九個(gè)國家平均增長(cháng)了3.9年。
"Similarly, life expectancy in Japan is expected to improve less rapidly than it otherwise would, because of more-recent high smoking rates," said the study.
“同樣，日本的預期壽命也比預想中增加的少，也是由于近期的高吸煙率造成的”調查表明
In a country where one in three people are overweight, obesity could also be to blame for "a fifth to a third of the shortfall in longevity in the U.S. compared to other nations," said the researchers. "And if the obesity trend in the U.S. continues, it may offset the longevity improvements expected from reductions in smoking."
研究者稱(chēng)，“在美國，三分之一的人超重，所以肥胖導致了美國的人均壽命與其他國家相比下降了五分之一到三分之一”“如果美國的肥胖趨勢繼續蔓延，減少吸煙率可能延長(cháng)壽命的期望也將被毀滅”
Women in Japan had the highest life expectancy -- 85.98 years -- just edging out France (84.39) and Italy (84.09) based on the most recent data, while men in Australia are living the longest -- 79.27 years -- followed by Sweden (78.92) and Canada (78.35).
最新的數據表明，日本女性有最長(cháng)的預期壽命—85.98歲，其次是法國(84.39)，再次是意大利(84.09)， 然而男性在澳大利亞的壽命最長(cháng)79.27歲，其次是瑞典(78.92)，再次是加拿大(78.35)。
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