同義句型轉換歸類(lèi)
一、運用同義詞(組)進(jìn)行轉換
運用同義詞或詞組對原句中的某些詞或詞組進(jìn)行替換,注意轉換后的詞或詞組的詞形變化要與句子其他成分相適應。如:
1. The teacher always takes good careof the children in the school.
Theteacher always _______ _________the children well in the school.
分析:答案為looks after。takegood care of與look after... well都表示“好好照顧”。
2.他擅長(cháng)繪畫(huà)。 He is goodat drawing．／He does well in drawing．
3. 今天風(fēng)很大。 There is a strong wind today．／It's very windy today．
4. 明天我們將乘飛機去東京。
Tomorrow we will go to Tokyo by air．／Tomorrow we willfly to Tokyo．
5. 王先生在六點(diǎn)鐘到達了火車(chē)站。
Mr Wang reached ／got to ／arrivedat the railway station at six．
6. 這本書(shū)花了我10元錢(qián)。
I spent ten yuan on the book．／I paid ten yuan for thebook．／The book cost me ten yuan．
7．She got a letter from her penfriend last week．（2002 甘肅?。?span lang="EN-US">
She heard from her penfriend last week．
8．Linda likes music better than art．（2002 呼和浩特市）
Linda prefersmusic to art．
9．They enjoyed themselves at the garden party．（2002 廣州市）
They had a good／nice ／great ／wonderful time at thegarden party．
10．The Smiths teach themselves Chinese after work．（2002 聊城市）
The Smiths learnChinese by themselves after work．
11. There areshops on both sides of the street.
There areshops on each side of the street.
12. When did Marx get to London? When did Marx arrive in London?
13. Our teacher began to write articles at the age ofover twenty.
Our teacherbegan to write articles in his twenties .
14. Jane is an eight-year-old girl. Jane is a girl of eight years old.
15. His maths has improved greatly. He has made great progress in maths.
16. In the year from 1930 to 1939, he wrote hundredsof short stories.
In the 1930's, he wrotehundreds of short stories.
17. What do you usually do when you are free?
What do youusually do in your spare time?
18. He took an active part in sports when hewas a child.
He wasactive in sports in his childhood.
19. I have ten Yuan with me in all.
All my moneywith me adds up to ten Yuan.
20. After he undressed himself, we dressedhim in a new suit.
After he tookoff his old clothes, we put on a new suit for him.
21. She was so interested in the book that sheread it over night.
The book wasso interesting that she read it all the night / throughout the night /all night long.
22. My aunt wears a new skirt today. Myaunt has a new skirt on today.
23. The boss treated the workers cruelly. The boss was cruel to the workers.
24. He read and read without stopping till he wentto sleep.
He went on reading / kept on reading / didn't stop reading till hewent to sleep.
25. The girl wearing red clothes is a nurse. The girl in red is a nurse.
26. The nurse is feeding the baby with milk.
The nurse isfeeding milk to the baby.
27. He couldn't help crying at the sight of thephoto.
He couldn'thelp crying when he saw the photo
28. Crusoe stared at the footprint, full of fear.
Crusoe stared atthe footprint, filled with fear.
29. All the doctors can not perform such anoperation.
Not all thedoctors can perform such an operation.
30. They are mostly teachers.
Most of them are teachers.
31. Fujian is connected with Zhejiang on the north.
Fujian is joinedto Zhejiang on the north.
32. Suddenly she let out a cry of anger.
Suddenly she criedout angrily.
33. All the boys don't like football.
Not all theboys/Some of the boys like football.
34. Paper is made from wood. Wood can be made into paper.
35. He did what he could do to calm her.
He tried/didhis best to make her calm.
36. The accident forbade me to arrive therein time.
The accident prevented/kept/stoppedme from arriving there in time.
37. She has nothing to do with the matter. She is not connected with thematter.
38. The old woman lived happily. The old woman led a happy life.
39. It is by this means that animal hibernates inwinter.
It is inthis way that animal hibernates in winter.
40. I have mastered English by learning it all bymyself.
By teachingmyself English I have mastered it.
41. He has the habit of running in the morning.
He is usedto running in the morning.
42. Walking early in the morning will benefit you.
Walking early in the morning will do you good.
43. The farm is his. The farm belongs to him.
44. The teacher sang high praise for our nobledeed.
The teacher thoughthighly of our noble deed.
45. They would rather watch TV at home thango to the cinema.
They would liketo watch TV at home instead of going to the cinema.
46. People sometimes act as foolishly as a blindman.
At times peopleact as foolishly as a blind man.
47. The meeting is very important. The meeting of great importance .
48. He is given practice in playing tennis everyday.
He practicesplaying tennis every day.
49. The teacher would ask the boys questions onthe text.
The teacherwould question the boys on the text.
50. Why did Tom stay away from school yesterday?
Why did Tom playtruant yesterday?
51. I was thinking of this when I heard my namecalled.
I was thinkingof this when I heard someone call my name.
52. He didn't need to worry about his life.
It wasunnecessary for him to worry about his life.
53. Pick out what you like from these. Choose what you like from these.
54. Take it easy. Everything will get on well.
Don't worry about it. Everything will get on well.
55. We have made up our minds to work harder thisyear.
We have decidedto work harder this year.
56. The two balls hit the ground together.
The two ballshit the ground at the same time.
57. Did you have a good time at the ball? Did you enjoy yourself at the ball?
58. You had better break away from smoking. You had better give up smoking.
59. His whole school education added up to onlytwo years.
His whole school education added up to no more than two years.
60. He joined the army ten years ago.
He has been inthe army for ten years.
Ten years have passed since he joined the army.
61. Our professor came into the room with a book underhis arm.
Book underarm , our professor came into the room.
62. The group was set up in 1980. The group was founded in 1980.
63. Mr Zhang is not fit to do the work. The work is unfit for Mr Zhang.
64. The child filled the bag with apples. The bag was full of apples.
65. Though he is a child, he knows a lot. Child as he is , he knows alot.
66. He may come and help you this evening.
He is likelyto come and help you this evening.
It seems that he will come and helpyou this evening.
67. Mum left her only a little needle thread bag.
Mum left her nothingbut a little needle thread bag.
68. This is thehouse where Zunyi Meeting was held.
This is thehouse in which Zunyi Meeting was held.
69. The littlegirl dare not touch the dog.
The littlegirl doesn't dare to touch the dog.
70. I want to see the play too. I'dlike to see the play too.
71. Shall we have a break? What about having a break?
72. This piece of cloth is three times as long asthat one.
This piece ofcloth is three times the length of that one.
73. I had hardly come in when the telephone rang.
No sooner had I come in thanthe telephone rang.
74. The article needs shortening. Thearticle needs to be shortened.
75. I had a strong wish to know who won the finalgame.
I was eagerto know who won the final game.
76. Stone will not catch fire. Stone will not burn.
77. May I give it back later? May I return it later?
78. I want to speak to you for a short while. I want to have a word with you.
79. The teacher asked me to say it again.
The teacherasked me to repeat it.
80. John's workmates were all friendly tohim.
John'sworkmates all got along well with him.
81. The announcement is worthy of being studied.
Theannouncement is worthy to be studied.
Theannouncement is worth studying.
比較級與最高級
82. He is the youngest boy in the class.
He is younger thanany other boy in the class.
83. This story isn't interesting. Nor is that one.
This story is nomore interesting than that one.
84. We didn't stop talking until he returned.
We kept ontalking / went on talking until he returned.
85. I like music most in my spare time.
I like music betterthan anything else / other things in my spare time.
86. Shanghai is the largest city in China.
Shanghai is largerthan any other city in China.
87. Li Wei is shorter than Tom. Tom is the taller of the two.
88. If you drive the car fast, you'll probably meet withan accident.
The fasteryou drive the car, the more probably you'll meet with an accident.
運用介詞短語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)。
英語(yǔ)中的介詞短語(yǔ)，諸如at the age of，without，instead of，with the help of，thanks to，be in， besatisfied with等，可與一些復合結構進(jìn)行轉換，這類(lèi)結構主要是并列句或兩個(gè)句子，由連詞and、but、when等連接。
89. 彼八歲時(shí)就學(xué)習英語(yǔ)了。
She began to learn English when she was eight． At theage of eight，she began to learn English．
90．明天我們將去野餐。我們不去看電影。
We will go for a picnic tomorrow．We won't see a film．We will go for a picnic instead of seeing a film tomorrow．
91．He began to learn how to use a computerwhen he was five years old．（2000廣州市）
He began to learn how to use a computer at the age of five ．
92．The heavy traffic stopped them from getting toschool in time．（2000成都市）
Thanks to the heavy traffic they were late for school．
二、運用反義詞(組)的否定式進(jìn)行轉換
運用反義詞或詞組的否定式表達與原句相同的意思,主要考查學(xué)生對反義詞或詞組的積累及換位思維的能力。如:
93.Ithink wealth is less important than health.
I_______think wealth is _______ important than health.
分析:答案為don’t, more。less important的意為“沒(méi)有(不及)……重要”;more important的意為“比……更重要”,該結構與not連用,則表示“不比……更重要”。
94.我向他借了一臺電腦。
I borrowed a computer from him．／He lent a computer tome．
95. 我認為數學(xué)比英語(yǔ)難。
I think maths is harder than English． I think English iseasier than maths．
96．Chinese is more popular than Japanese．（2001 寧夏）
Japanese is less popular thanChinese．
97．The runner fell behind the others though he did whathe could．（2001 濟南市）
The runner failed to catch up with the others though he did his best．
98. Peter does his homework morecarefully than Bob.
Bob doesn'tdo his homework as carefully as Peter.
99. All theanswers are right.
None of the answers is wrong.
100. I know nothing about the matter.
I don'tknow the matter at all.
101. Wind is invisible to us.
Wind can'tbe seen by us.
102. Why did she lose interest in music?
Why wasshe not interested in music?
103. Einstein cared little for money, so he was poor.
Einstein could havebeen rich if he had cared much for money.
104. I stood at my bench without daring to lift myhead.
I stood at mybench and dare not lift my head.
105. She bought an old bike from Mary.
Mary sold anold bike to her.
106. This is the cheapest one.
This is theleast expensive one.
107. I regrettedhaving told her the news.
I wish I hadnot told her the news.
108. I didn't know his address, so I didn't write to him.
If I had knownhis address, I would have written to him.
109. He must have passed the exam.
He could nothave failed in the exam.
110. New York is more modern than London.
London isless modern than / isn't as modern as New York.
112. He was so weak that he couldn't lift the box.
He was notstrong enough to lift the box.
三、運用不同語(yǔ)態(tài)進(jìn)行轉換
通過(guò)改變主語(yǔ)，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)之間可進(jìn)行同義句轉換，在轉換過(guò)程中，掌握被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構成是最為關(guān)鍵的。學(xué)習被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應與時(shí)間緊密結合，根據時(shí)態(tài)，來(lái)確定被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)部分。另外，還需充分把握含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結構，即“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋be＋及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”。運用語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化來(lái)完成同義句轉換,但此時(shí)要特別注意時(shí)態(tài)、數等的一致性。
113.Many people speak English．／English is spoken bymany people．
114．我們應該經(jīng)常給花澆水。
We should regularly water flowers． Flowers should bewatered regularly．
115．It is widely accepted that more peopleuse computers in the world today．（2002遼寧?。?span lang="EN-US">
Computers are widely used in the world today．
116．We must keep the noise level under 50dbs（分貝）．（2002上海市）
The noise level must be kept under 50dbs．
117.More and more people use computers in the world today.
Computers_______ ________by more and more people in the world today.
分析:答案為are used。computers是復數名詞,助動(dòng)詞用are。
118. They madehim sell his house contrary to his will.
He was madeto sell his house contrary to his will.
119. Being a learned man, Professor Lin is respected byall his students.
ProfessorLin being a learned man, all the students respect him.
120. I will ask someone to clean the windows thisafternoon.
I will have thewindows cleaned this afternoon.
121. The foreign friend is said to come to our schooltomorrow.
It is said thatthe foreign friend will come/is coming to our school tomorrow.
122. There is something wrong with your machine. Have you asked somebody to repair it for you?
There issomething wrong with your machine. Haveyou had it repaired ?
123. It is saidthat John is a very honest man.
John is saidto be a very honest man
四、非延續性動(dòng)詞與延續性動(dòng)詞的相互轉換
【解題要領(lǐng)】這兩種時(shí)態(tài)是針對一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現在完成時(shí)而言的。一般過(guò)去時(shí)應表述發(fā)生在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作，惟此，才可能轉為現在完成時(shí)，并后跟一段時(shí)間，但應特別注意動(dòng)詞是否屬于延續性動(dòng)詞，如果為非延續性動(dòng)詞，則需將其改為延續性動(dòng)詞或延續性狀態(tài)。這樣的動(dòng)詞主要有：begin ／start—be on；come—be here；leave—be away（from）； buy—have；borrow—keep；die—be dead；return—be back；marry—be married；fall asleep ／go to sleep—be asleep；open—be open（adj．）；close—be closed（adj．）；catch a cold—have a cold；fallill—be ill；join the League ／Party—be in the League ／Party（be aLeague ／Party member；join the army—be in the army ／be a soldier；arrive in ／at—be in ／at；get up—be up，等等。
124．他上周買(mǎi)了一輛新自行車(chē)。
He bought a new bike last week． /He has had a new bikesince last week．
125．王濤六年前參軍。
Wang Tao joined the army six years ago． /Wang Tao hasbeen a soldier for six years． /
Wang Tao has been in the army for six years．
126．The film began 20 minutes ago．（2002鹽城市）
The film has been on for 20 minutes．
127．Sam's grandfather died 10 years ago．（2002上海市）
Sam's grandfather has been dead for 10 years．
128．My grandpa joined the Party thirty years ago．（2002福州市）
My grandpa has been in the Party for thirty years．
129．I got up half an hour ago．（2002哈爾濱市）
I have been up for half anhour．
130.The film began five minutes ago.
Thefilm has been _______ ________five minutes.
分析:答案為on for。begin表開(kāi)始,為非延續性動(dòng)詞,應變?yōu)橄鄳难永m性動(dòng)詞be?！?span lang="EN-US">for+時(shí)間段”表示“持續(一段時(shí)間)”,常與現在完成時(shí)連用。
131. He has been away from his home town for fiveyears.
It is fiveyears since he left his home town.
132. She has been away from home for ten years.
It is tenyears since she left home.
五、直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)的相互轉換
將直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)或將間接引語(yǔ)轉換成直接引語(yǔ)要注意賓語(yǔ)從句相關(guān)知識, 如時(shí)態(tài)、人稱(chēng)、動(dòng)詞、狀語(yǔ)等的相應變化。如:
133.“I’ve found my wallet,” he said to me.
He______me that he _______ ________ his wallet.
分析:答案為told, had found。此題是將直接引語(yǔ)轉換成間接引語(yǔ)。
134. "Will you please speak louder?" she saidto him.
She askedhim to speak louder.
135. "I don't want to be examined." heanswered.
He answeredthat he didn't want any examination.
六、某些典型句式或結構間的轉換
這類(lèi)典型的句式或結構有so...that...,too...to..., enough to, not...until..., so+be(助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等)...等。如:
136.Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too.
Jimwants to go boating, and _______ ________ his parents.
分析:答案為so do。句意為“……他的父母也一樣(一樣想去)”。
137. She is too young to understand all this.
She isn'told enough to understand all this.
138. She is a lovely girl. They all like to play withher.
She is such a lovely girl that / so lovely a girl that theyall like to play with her.
139. The huge stone is very heavy. We can not lift it.
The huge stoneis so heavy that we can not lift it.
The huge stoneis too heavy for us to lift.
140. I ran all the way so that I could get to school ontime.
I ran all the way so as to get to school on time.
運用相同涵義的不同句式來(lái)表達。
不同的句式表達同一涵義是英語(yǔ)表達的顯著(zhù)特點(diǎn)。在英語(yǔ)新教材中，這樣的句式應用得也比較廣泛。如：
141.Can I help you？／May I help you？／ What can I do for you？(我能幫你嗎？)應要求學(xué)生充分掌握。
142. 這位畫(huà)家畫(huà)一匹馬花費了兩個(gè)鐘頭。
The artist spent two hours drawing a horse．／It took theartist two hours to draw a horse．
143. 讓我們去動(dòng)物園好嗎？
Shall we go to the zoo？／Let's go to the zoo，shall we？
144. 今天天氣怎么樣？
What's the weather like today？／How's the weather today？
145．Don't open the door， will you？（2002 鹽城市）
Will you please keep_ the door closed？
146．How many people live in France？（2002 廈門(mén)市）
what is the population of France？
147．We spent twenty minutes cleaning the room yesterday．（2002 哈爾濱市）
It took us_ twenty minutes to clean the room yesterday．
Spend——
148. I spent two weeks in writing the article.
It took me two weeks to writethe articles.
149. He wanted to see the words clearly, so he stood onthe bench.
He stood on thebench in order to / so as to see the words clearly.
150. The war lasted four years before the North won.
The war didn't end until/stop until theNorth won four years later.
151. The only thing I could do was to apologizeto her.
I could do nothingbut apologize to her.
七、不同句子類(lèi)型間的轉換
1)將簡(jiǎn)單句變成同義的復合句或將復合句變成同義的簡(jiǎn)單句。
此類(lèi)復合句主要是賓語(yǔ)從句和結果狀語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句改為不定式的句式有：1）hope ／wish，be sure，tell等后跟that引導的從句，可轉換為不定式；2）特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導的賓語(yǔ)從句，也可轉換為“特殊疑問(wèn)詞＋to do”結構，構成不定式短語(yǔ)。so．．．that．．．引導的結果狀語(yǔ)從句有兩種情況：1）表示肯定的結果，可與“enough to”結構互換；2）表示否定的結果，它既可以與“too．．．to”結構互換，也可以改為“not＋adj．／adv．＋enough to”。（注：此時(shí)的形容詞或副詞應為上句的反義詞。）注意：“so．．．that．．．”結構前后主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí)，應在enough或too ＋ adj．后面加for sb．
152．我希望將來(lái)某一天參觀(guān)月球。
I hope that I will visit the moon some day． I hope tovisit the moon some day．
153．他向我顯示如何使用電腦。
He showed me how he used a computer． He showed me howto use acomputer．
154．這屋子這么大，能容納1000人。
The room is so large that it can hold 1，000 people．The room is large enough to hold 1，000people．
155．他年紀太小，不能上學(xué)。
He is so young that he can't go to school． He is tooyoung to go to school． He isn't old enough to go toschool．
156．They can hardly decide what they willdo next．（2000濟南市）
It's hard ／difficultfor them to decide what todo next．
157．The foreigners want to know how they can learnChinese Kongfu well．（2002濟南市）
The foreigners want to know how to learn Chinese Kongfu well．
158．He is too young to go to school．（2002上海徐匯區）
He isn't old enough to go to school．
159．She was so weak that she couldn't take care of herbaby．（2002遼寧?。?span lang="EN-US">
She was too weak _to take care of her baby．
160.We didn’t go out for a walk because it was raining.
We didn’t go out for a walk ________________ the rain.
分析:答案為because of。將原因狀語(yǔ)從句because it was raining改為表示原因的介詞短語(yǔ)because ofthe rain。
161. The church standing on the top of hill wasbuilt 100 years ago.
The church thatstands on the top of hill was built 100 years ago.
162. He insisted that she join us in the game.
He insistedon her joining us in the game.
163. As she was tired with walking, the old womansat down to have a rest.
Tired withwalking, the old woman sat down to have a rest
164. We all know that the earth is round.
As is knownto all, the earth is round.
165. He passed by, but he didn't notice me.
He passed by without noticing me.
166. Both his parents are from Guangdong.
His father isfrom Guangdong and so is his mother.
167. It is said that he has invented a new machine.
He is saidto have invented a new machine.
168. If there were no water, there would be no life.
Without water, there would be no life.
169. If you heat water to 100°C, you'll find it changesinto steam gradually.
Heatwater to 100°C you'll find it changes into steam gradually.
Heatingwater to 100°C, you'll find it changes into steam gradually.
170. You will miss the plane unless you hurry up now.
Hurry up, or you will miss the plane.
If you don'thurry up, you won't catch the plane.
171. Though it rained heavily, the students still ranround the playground.
In spite of theheavy rain, the students still ran round the playground.
No matter how heavily it rained, the students still ran round theplayground.
172. In the months that followed, they worked muchharder at English.
In the followingmonths , they worked much harder at English.
173. I feel that it is important to do so.
I feel itimportant to do so.
174. Jenny picked up the wallet at the gate of theschool.
It was atthe gate of the school that Jenny picked up the wallet.
175. What pleased her was that she found the lostmoney.
To herpleasure, she found the lost money.
176. After graduation, he went to work on a farm.
After hegraduated , he went to work on a farm.
177. When he was a child of eight, he learned towrite poems.
At the age of eight, he learnedto write poems.
178. He was afraid that his father would punish him.
He was afraidof being punished by his father.
179. I found the lost child while I was walking home.
I found thelost child on my way home.
180. They insisted we hold out the hands at the time.
They insisted onour holding out the hands at the time.
181. Would you mind if I take it to a place of safety.
Would you mind mytaking it to a place of safety?
182. I suggested calling off the picnic on Sunday.
I suggestedthat we call off the picnic on Sunday.
183. Shall we begin our meeting?
Let's beginour meeting, shall we?
2)將并列句變成同義的復合句或將復合句變成同義的并列句。
184.You can speak French．I can speak French，too．
Both you and I can speak French．
185．她沒(méi)有去過(guò)日本。我也沒(méi)有去過(guò)日本。
She hasn't been to Japan．I haven't been to Japan，either．
Neither she nor I have been to Japan．
186．Wei Hua may be on the team，or Ann may．（2000遼寧?。?span lang="EN-US">
Either_ Wei Hua or Ann maybe on the team．
187．Alice is a film star．Sarahis a film star，too．（2001新疆）
Both_ Alice_and Sarah are film stars．
188．Lucy can't sing the English song Yesterday OnceMore．And Lily can't sing it，either．（2002北京東城區）
NeitherLucy nor Lily can sing the English song Yesterday OnceMore．
189.Come on, or we’ll miss the early bus.
________we _______hurry, we’ll miss theearly bus.
分析:答案為If, don’t。改后為if引導條件狀語(yǔ)從句。
變?yōu)楹匈e語(yǔ)從句的復合句
兩個(gè)句子合并為賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，一是找引導詞。賓語(yǔ)從句的引導詞有三種情況：1.引導詞為 that；2．當賓語(yǔ)從句表示一般疑問(wèn)意義的時(shí)候（即為一般疑問(wèn)結構），引導詞為if／ whether；3．當賓語(yǔ)從句表示特殊疑問(wèn)意義的時(shí)候（即為特殊疑問(wèn)結構），引導詞為原來(lái)的特殊疑問(wèn)詞；二是變陳述句。無(wú)論是由哪一種引導詞引導的賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句都應使用陳述語(yǔ)序；三是主從一致。它是針對主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句應用相應的某種過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)而言的，即一般現在時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)；現在進(jìn)行時(shí)與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)；一般將來(lái)時(shí)與過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)；現在完成時(shí)與過(guò)去成時(shí)一一對應。但是如果從句表示客觀(guān)真理，從句時(shí)態(tài)不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的影響，用一般現在時(shí)即可。
190. 我想知道明天是否下雨。
I want to know．Will it rain tomorrow？
I want to know if ／whether it will rain tomorrow．
191．他說(shuō)他感冒已三天了。
He said．He has had a cold for three days．
He said that he had had a cold for three days．
192．Where does he live？I don't know．（2002哈爾濱市）
I don't know where he lives _ ．
193．Does the shop close at six every day？Do you know？（2002廈門(mén)市）
Do you know if ／whether_ the shop closes atsix every day？
194．Is the earth round？Thelittle boy asked．（2002福州市）
The little boy asked if ／whether the earth is round．
變?yōu)楹袪钫Z(yǔ)從句的復合句
一些并列句或兩個(gè)句子或簡(jiǎn)單句，根據其內涵，可運用某些連詞變?yōu)楹袪钫Z(yǔ)從句的復合句。狀語(yǔ)從句根據它表達的意思可分為時(shí)間、原因、條件、比較、目的、結果和讓步等類(lèi)，與此相對應的連詞有：1）引導時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的有：after，assoon as，before，since， not．．．until，when，whenever，while等；2）引導原因狀語(yǔ)從句的有：because，as，since等；3）引導條件狀語(yǔ)從句的有：if，unless等；4）引導比較狀語(yǔ)從句的有：as．．．as，not as（so）．．．as等；5）引導目的狀語(yǔ)從句的有：so that，in order that等；6）引導結果狀語(yǔ)從句的有：so．．．that等；7）引導讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的有：though，although等。學(xué)生在轉換過(guò)程中，應運用恰當的引導詞來(lái)表達。
195．杰克病了，因此他不能上學(xué)。
Jack didn't come to school because he was ill．
196．天雖然黑了，他仍在繼續做家務(wù)。
Although it was dark，he still went on doing thehousework．
197．努力學(xué)習，你就會(huì )趕上其他的同學(xué)。
Study hard，and you'll catch up with the other students．
If you study hard，you'll catch up with the otherstudents．
198．Jim wants to go boating and his parentswant to go boating，too．（2002廣州市）
Jim wants to go boating，and so do his parents．
199．I like playing tennis． Helikes playing tennis，too．（2002廈門(mén)市）
I like playing tennis，so does he．
200．The basket is too heavy for Miss Greento lift on to the truck．（2001荊州市）
The basket is so heavy that__ Miss Green can't lift on to thetruck．
201．Come on，or we'll miss theearly bus．（2002遼寧?。?span lang="EN-US">
If we _don't _ hurry，we'll miss the earlybus．
202．When I get there，I'll go tosee her at once．（2002福州市）
I'll go to see her as soon as I get there．
203．I'll water the little plants to stop the soil（土壤） getting too dry．（2002內江市）
I'll water the little plants so that I can stop the soil from gettingtoo dry．
204．After Bess finished her maths homework，she went to bed．（2002福州市）
Bess didn't_ go to bed _ until she finished her maths homework．
205. Be careful, or you'll get hurt.
If youaren't careful /Unless you arecareful, you will get hurt.
206. If he had hurried, he would have caught the train.
He did not hurry, so he missed the train.
207. But for your help, we wouldn't have succeeded sosoon.
If you hadn'thelped us, we wouldn't have succeeded so soon.
Hadn't youhelped us, we wouldn't have succeeded so soon.
208. He took off his shoes because he did not want to wakeup his
roommates.
Not wantingto wake up his roommates, he took off his shoes.
209. While he was running downstairs, Li Mingknocked into his teacher.
Whilerunning downstairs, Li Ming knocked into his teacher.
210. I had never seen him before , so I didnot recognize him.
Never havingseen him before, I did not recognize him.
211. Her mother is famous singer, and she is proud of it.
She is proud ofher mother being a famous singer.
212. The dog died. This made him very sad.
That the dog died made him very sad.
213. Mary was late, which made her teacher veryangry.
Mary was late andit made her teacher very angry.
214. I want to start the machine. Please show me the way.
Please show me howto start the machine.
3) 運用關(guān)聯(lián)連詞如both...and..., neither... nor..., either... or..., not only... but also...等將兩個(gè)句合并。此時(shí)要注意的是,both... and...連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞總是用復數,而neither... nor..., either... or..., notonly... but also...連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常應與靠近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。如:
215.Tom can’t speak Japanese well and Jim can’t, either.
________Tom_______ Jim can speak Japanese well.
分析:答案填Neither, nor。neither...nor...表示“……和……(兩者)都不”,剛好與原句的兩個(gè)否定結構的意思相吻合。
運用“so＋動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”和“neither／nor ＋動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”結構進(jìn)行改寫(xiě)。
“so＋動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”結構，表示肯定，譯為“某人（物）也如此”。這兩種結構指前一句所說(shuō)的情況，同樣也適合另一個(gè)人或物。顯然，上下句主語(yǔ)不同。轉換時(shí)應注意四點(diǎn)：1）動(dòng)詞指助動(dòng)詞、be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；2）動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)上與前句呼應；3）動(dòng)詞在數上要與本句主語(yǔ)保持一致；4）表示否定時(shí)，neither ／nor本身具有否定意義，動(dòng)詞要用肯定形式。
216.吉姆準時(shí)完成了這項工作。約翰也準時(shí)完成了這項工作。
Jim finished the work on time．John finished it on time，too．
Jim finished the work on time，so did John．
217．今天早上她沒(méi)吃東西。我也沒(méi)吃東西。
She didn't eat anything this morning．I didn't eatanything，either．
She didn't eat anything this morning， neither ／nor did I．
218. Neither Tom nor Jack could work out the problem.
Tom couldn'twork out the problem. Nor / Neithercould Jack.
219. Both of them are not good students.
Neither ofthe two is a good student.
220. It began to rain as soon as I got home.
The moment I got home, it began to rain.
221. There is no water or air on the moon.
There is no wateron the moon, and there is no air, either.
222. You are not wrong. I am not wrong, either.
Neitheryou nor I am wrong.
223. We study not only Chinese but also English.
We studyEnglish as well as Chinese.
We studyEnglish and Chinese as well.
BesidesChinese, we also study English.
We study bothChinese and English.
We study Chinese, and English, too.
224. Once I hear from him, I'll let you know.
As soon asI hear from him, I'll let you know.
225. Mr Wang stopped talking when you came in.
Mr Wang didn'tstop talking until you came in.
Mr Wang kept talking till you came.
運用感嘆句的兩種句式進(jìn)行轉換。
感嘆句的兩種句式可進(jìn)行相互轉換，但必須把握其句型。
1）How＋adj．／adv．＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)！
2）What＋a（an）＋adj．＋單數名詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)！
What＋adj．＋復數名詞／不可數名詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)！
226．這個(gè)男孩多么善良??！How kind the boy is?。?span lang="EN-US">What a kind boy he is！
227．這首樂(lè )曲多么優(yōu)美??！How beautiful the music is?。?span lang="EN-US">What beautiful music itis！
228．How beautiful the park is?。?span lang="EN-US">2000廣州市）
What a beautiful park it is！
229. Isn't he clever?
What a clever man he is.
230. What rapid progress Marx made.
How rapidly Marxmade progress.
強調
231. We put off the outing because of the weather.
It was because of the weather thatwe put off the outing.
232. We did the experiment in this lab yesterday.
It was in this lab thatwe did the experiment yesterday.
233. The secret was disclosed only in 1975.
Only in 1975 wasthe secret disclosed.
234. The imposter seemed anxious to leave.
It seemedthat the imposter was anxious to leave.
235. He joined the army ten years ago.
It wasten years ago that he joined the army.
It is tenyears since he joined the army.
236. It's time to do our homework.
It's time forour homework.
It's time we didour homework.
237. We've never permitted him to do such a stupid thing.
Never havewe permitted him to do such a stupid thing.
238. She seldom goes out in the evening.
Seldom does she go out in theevening.
2011屆中考英語(yǔ)同義句轉換專(zhuān)題復習題及答案
同義句轉換
完成下列句子
1.Do remember to lock the door when you leave.
_____________you lock the door when you leave.
2.Thelittle girl wanted to know when her father could take her to Paris.
Thelittle girl wanted to know______ ______ be taken to Paris.
3.Frenchis not the first language in any of these countries.
Frenchis the first language in ______ _______ these countries.
4.Myuncle left the room. he said nothing to us.
Myuncle left the room______ _______ anything to us.
5.Hewasn't good at English. I thought.
I_________ ______he was good at english.
6.BothMike and Mary have been to Beijing.(否定句)
______Mike______Mary______beento Beijing.
7.Ittook him an hour to write the letter.
He_______an hour_______the letter.
8.Weshould knock a long stick into the earth.
Along stick _______ ________ _______into the earth.
9.Shepaid 400 yuan for the new bike.
Thenew bike_______ ______400 yuan.
10.Howabout playing basketball with us?
__________play football with us?
11."Will Wang Feng come here in a minute?" she asked.
Sheasked______Wang Feng______ come here in a minute?
12.Jimdidn't visit the museum yesterday. He stayed at home.
Jimstayed at home yesterday_______ ______visiting the museum.
13.Thereare more people in China than in India.
The________ofChina is________than that of India.
14.Thetalk is very important.
Thetalk is_____great______.
15.Hecan't catch the bus if he doesn't run fast.
Hecan't catch the bus______ he______fast.
16.Youshould let someone repair the TV set.
Youshould______the TV set __________.
17Jimwants to go boatingand his parents want to go boating, too.
Jimwants to go boating and________ _______his parents.
18.Theice on the lake was so thin that people couldn't skate on it.
Theice on the lake was not ______ enough______people to____ _____.
19.Howmany people are there in France.
___________the population of France?
20.Wehold the International Kite Festival in Weifang every year.
TheInternational Kite Festival____ _______in Weifang every year.
21.Theysay that Mr liu can speak German.
____________that Mr Liu can speak German.
22.Mysister prefers reading to going shopping.
Mysister likes_______ ______than going shopping.
Mysister prefers____ _____rather than______ shopping.
23.Ifeel like going to the zoo with my friends this Saturday.
I_______liketo____to the zoo with my friends this Saturday.
24.Hedoesn't do any other things. He is only on internet.
Heis always on internet______ _____doing other things.
25.Thepicture was usually put up in the park near the playground.
Thepicture was put up in the park____to the playground as_______.
26.Itseems that he has had a cold.
Heseems_____ ______had a cold.
27.Thetree is so tall that we can't reach it.
Thetree is______tall______us ______ _____.
28.I'minterested in the old museum in this city.
Theold museum in this city______ ______ _____me.
29.Theyknew everything only after you told him.
Theyknew______ _______ you told him.
30.Thereare many trees around the house. It's my house.
Thehouse______many trees around is _______.
31.Iwon't pass the exam if you don't help.
Iwon't pass the exam ______ your_______.
32.FatherChristmas comes from a real person in history.
FatherChristmas is ________ ____ a real person in history.
33.Hedoesn't know much Japanese.
He______ only a______Japanese.
34.Ifyou ask him, he will you tell you the truth.
_______him,______hewill tell you the truth.
35.Shelikes to make her own clothes. She doesn't like to buy them in shops.
Sheprefers making her own clothes_____ _____buying them in shops.
36.NeitherTom nor Jack read yesterday's newspaper.
Tomdidn't read yesterday's newspaper,_______ ________Jack.
37.Iheard he was singing in the next room.
Iheard_______ ______in the next room.
38.Peteris 150 centimeters tall,so is Mike.
Mikeis the same_______ ______Peter.
39.Thedoctor told him to stop smoking.
Thedoctor told him to _____ _______smoking.
40.Pleasedon't make our room dirty.
Please_____ our classroom____.
41.Theheavy rain stopped them from leaving home.
Theheavy rain_______ them _______ at home.
42.Thisbook isn't as interesting as that one.
Thisbook is _______interesting than that one.
43.Thereare more people in this city than in that city.
The_____ of this city is_______than _____of that one.
44.Thisbook has nothing to do with English.
Thisbook is_____ _______English.
45.Bobhad no teacher,but he learned English well at his young age.
Bob______________English when he was young.
46.There'snobody but a passenger in the bus.
There's______one passenger in the bus.
47.Bob'slonely because it's difficult for him to make friends.
Bob'slonely because he______ ________at making friends.
48.Plantmore trees every year and the desert will become green in a few years' time.
Ifyou plant more trees every year,the desert will______ ______ with green treesin a few years' time.
49.Thejacket cost so little that he bought it.
Thejacket _____ ______ ______for him to buy.
50.Hisfather is working.
Hisfather is ______ _______
答案：1.Make sure 2.when to 3.none of 4.without saying 5.didn't think that6.Neither nor has 7.spent writing(on) 8.should be knocked 9.cost her 10.Why not11.if/whether would 12.instead of 13.population larger 14.of importance15.unless runs 16.have repaired 17.so do 18.thick for skate on 19.What is 20.isheld 21.It's said 22.reading better 23.would go 24.
insteadof 25.next usual 26.to have 27.too for to reach 28.is interesting to 29.nothingbefore/until 30with mine 31.without help 32.based on 33.knows little 34. Askand 35.instead of 36.neither/nor did37.him singing 38.heitht as 39. give up40.keep clean 41.kept staying 42.less 43.population larger that 44.not about45.taught himself 46.only 47.is bad 48.be covered 49.was cheap enough 50.atwork
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