T
take along / take care of / take place / take out
1) Miss Wang ＿＿＿ a handkerchief and blew her nose．
2) Mr Zhang ＿＿＿ some of his pictures in the hope of getting a job there．
3) Since 1996, great changes ＿＿＿ in our school．
4) My grandmother was ill．I must stay at home to ＿＿＿ her．
解析: ①took out表示“拿出；掏出”。 ②took along表示“攜帶；隨身帶著(zhù)”，其中along是副詞。 ③have taken place表示“發(fā)生”,相當于一不及物動(dòng)詞,無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 ④take care of表示“照料；照管；照顧”。
take...as .../ take ...for...
take...as...：把...看作，相當于regard...as。My parents take me as a baby.
take ...for...: 把...認定是... He took John for Tom.
take one’s place / take the place of / take place
take one’s place：就座，就位。相當于take one’s seat。
Please take your places; we are ready to begin our class.
take sb’s place / take the place of sb：替代（某人）。
The manager is going on business. Who can take his place? =Who can take the place of the manager?
Nothing can take the place of a wheel. （沒(méi)有什么能取代輪子。）
take place：發(fā)生，舉行。無(wú)被動(dòng)結構。
Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past five years.
A class meeting is to take place tomorrow afternoon.
take turns to do / by turns / in turn
take turns to do 輪流做某事 The three daughters took turns to attend their mother.
by turns 輪流，交替 We do cleaning by turns.
in turn 依次 The students turned their papers in turn and went out of the classroom.
tell...from / tell...between
tell A from B意為“區分A和B”，也可以說(shuō)成tell the difference between A and B。
Can you tell American English from British English?你能分辨出美國英語(yǔ)和英國英語(yǔ)嗎？
To tell the truth, I really can’t tell the differences between the Maori and American Indians．
老實(shí)說(shuō)，我真的分不清毛利人和印第安人。
the red and white T-shirt / the red and the white T-shirts
The red and white T-shirt is costly. （那條紅白相間的T恤很貴。）
The red and the white T-shirts are costly. （那些紅色和白色的T恤都很貴。）
the same as / the same that
the same as是表示“相似或同一類(lèi)的人和事”之意。
Many of the sports were the same as they are now． 過(guò)去的很多體育項目和現在的一樣。
This is the same book as Mr Wang lost． 這本書(shū)跟王先生丟失的那本一模一樣。 ?
the same that作“同一個(gè)人或同一件事”解。
This is the same book that Mr Wang lost． 這本書(shū)就是王先生丟失的那本書(shū)。
That is the same bike that I lost． 那輛自行車(chē)就是我丟失的那輛。
the three of us / three of us
Three of us are going. （我們中有三個(gè)人要去。）
The three of us are going. （我們這三個(gè)人都要去。）
think of／think about／think over
這三個(gè)詞組都與“想”有關(guān)，但所表達的含義有所不同。
think of多用來(lái)指“想起，認為”。
Last night,before I went to bed,I thought of my parents．昨晚我睡覺(jué)前,想起了我的父母
What do you think of that book？你認為那本書(shū)怎么樣？
think about 多用來(lái)指“考慮某事情或對某事進(jìn)行思考”。
Think about what you have done！想想你所做的這一切吧！
think over意思是“仔細考慮，認真思考”。
Before you answer this question,please think it over. 回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題之前,請認真考慮一下
this kind of / of this kind
“this kind of＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數常與kind保持一致
“名詞＋of this kind”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數常與該名詞保持一致。
This kind of actress is easy to find but directors of this kind are scarce．
這種女演員不難找，可是這種導演卻不多見(jiàn)。
though / although / as / even though / as though
though和although引導讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，?？苫Q，只是although的語(yǔ)氣更強一些。
Though/Although it was late,the farmers kept on harvesting the crops by the lights of the tractors．
此外，though可以用于省略句，although很少這樣用though引導的從句可以部分倒裝，although引導的從句不用倒裝語(yǔ)序。
Though poor, he is always neatly dressed．
Poor though I am, I can afford it．
as表示“雖然”、“盡管”引導讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),從句要用倒裝語(yǔ)序,將表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等置于句首。
Tired as he was, he went on working with his workmates．
Child as he is, he knows a lot about the computer．
注意：as引導讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，若充當表語(yǔ)的名詞位于句首，則該名詞前面不用冠詞。
even though即使。等于even if。例:I wouldn’t attend his party, even though invited to.
as though好像=as if。eg:He runs as though he were mad. （他跑起來(lái)像發(fā)瘋似的。）
through / over / across / into
1) The PLA man jumped ＿＿＿ the water to save the boy．
2) The highway goes under the river ＿＿＿ the tunnel．
3) There is a bridge ＿＿＿ the river．
4) The ship sailed ＿＿＿ the Atlantic．
5) The students walked ＿＿＿ the gate with Mr Liu．
解析: ①into意為“進(jìn)入；到……里”，含動(dòng)作方向為由外向里之意。 ⑤through意為“通過(guò)；穿過(guò)”，側重于指從物體的中間穿過(guò)。 ③over此處意為“（位置）橫跨；在……上面”，表示動(dòng)作時(shí)為“越過(guò)……”之意。 ④across意為“橫過(guò)；穿過(guò)”，一般指從房間、原野、海洋等一端橫越到另一端或兩個(gè)動(dòng)作方向成十字交叉狀。
to oneself / of oneself
to oneself 暗自，在心中 "What's wrong?" he said to himself.
of oneself 自行地 The big fire died of itself.
too much / much too
too much：太多（后接不可數名詞）；太過(guò)分（后接for短語(yǔ)）。
There is too much work today.
The problem is too much for the five-year-old boy.
much too：太。比too語(yǔ)氣強，相當于far too，rather too等；其后接形容詞和副詞。例如：The problem is much too difficult for the five-year-old boy.
trip / journey / travel / tour / voyage
trip是非正式用語(yǔ)，指短時(shí)間內往返的商業(yè)旅行或觀(guān)光旅行。
We went on a pleasant trip to the nearest seaside during our vacation．
在假期里我們到最近的海濱作了一次愉快的旅行。
journey常指由某一地點(diǎn)到另一地點(diǎn)的旅行，也指旅行的路程，是比較正式的用語(yǔ)。
He made a long journey from Beijing to London． 他從北京到倫敦做了一次長(cháng)途旅行。
travel泛指旅行、游歷，是最為普通的用語(yǔ)，但無(wú)路程的含義。
He came home after five years of travel． 五年的旅行后，他回到家中。
tour常指訪(fǎng)問(wèn)多處的觀(guān)光旅行，常指周游后回到原出發(fā)地之意。
Confucius began to make his tour among the states． 孔夫子開(kāi)始周游列國。
voyage：航行,指航?；蚝娇誘he voyage through the Pacific took them nearly one month.
try on / try out
try on指“試穿（衣服、鞋子）”及“試戴（帽子）”等，其中的on為副詞，當賓語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí)，該賓語(yǔ)要放在on之前；如果賓語(yǔ)是名詞，該賓語(yǔ)放在on之前或之后均可。
try on a coat＝try a coat on 試穿衣服
The new hat is for you．Please try it on這新帽子是給你的，請試試看。
try out指“試驗或試用”某種機器、理論或方法,其中的out為副詞,當賓語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí),try out要分開(kāi)用。
We tried out this new crop on a large area last year． 去年我們大面積試種這種新莊稼。
I'll try it out and see if it works． 我來(lái)試試看能否行得通。
try to do / manage to do
try to do：試圖、企圖做某事（未必成功）。相當于attempt to do。
They tried to push the door open but failed.
manage to do：成功、設法做某事。相當于succeed in doing。
I just managed to get there in time.
In spite of the storm, he managed to get here in time.
U
used to / be used to / get used to ?
used to意為“過(guò)去常常(做某事)”,后接動(dòng)詞原形。常用來(lái)表示今昔對比,含“(現在)已不那樣做了”之意。
She used to work hard．她過(guò)去工作很努力。（暗指現在工作不努力了。）
be used to 有兩個(gè)含義：①“被用來(lái)做某事”，后接動(dòng)詞原形。②“習慣于；適應”，后接名詞、代詞或v－ing，表示一種狀態(tài)。
Computers are used to do many things for people now． 現在計算機被用來(lái)做許多事情。
He is used to hard work．他現在習慣于艱苦的工作。
She isn’t used to living in the countryside now． 她不習慣在鄉下生活。
get used to 意為“習慣于”，表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作，含“由不適應向適應的轉變”，其后接名詞、代詞或v－ing。You’ll soon get used to the weather here．你很快就會(huì )適應這兒的天氣。
unless / if not
unless 除非（此意可與if not 換用）I shall to there unless it rains.=I shall go there if it doesn't rain.
if not (也可引導假設的條件,unless沒(méi)此用) She would have died if the doctor had not saved her.
V
value / price / cost
value：價(jià)值
The book is of no value. （這本書(shū)沒(méi)價(jià)值。）
I hope this book will be of value to both teachers and students.
I hope this book will be valuable to both teachers and students.
price 價(jià)格，價(jià)錢(qián)，定價(jià)。The book was sold at a low price.
cost cost：價(jià)格，成本，費用。
The book was sold at a cost price. （這書(shū)以成本價(jià)出售。）
What’s the cost of the journey? （這趟旅行的費用多少？）
vast / huge
vast強調面積和范圍的寬廣或博大
huge指體積或容量等方面“巨大、超過(guò)一般標準”
This area is covered in vast forests． 這個(gè)地區被一片廣闊無(wú)垠的森林覆蓋。
That’s a huge ship． 那艘船好大。
very / quite / fairly / rather
都有“十分”的意思。
rather可用于修飾形容詞或副詞比較級，也可放在too（太）之前，very，quite和fairly則不可以。另外，very通常不修飾以a字母開(kāi)頭的形容詞（如afraid, alone, asleep, aware, ashamed等，而要用much修飾），也不直接修飾動(dòng)詞；
quite側重于“完全地、徹底地”，相當于completely或entirely，可修飾形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞；
fairly側重于“還算”，通常修飾“使人感到愉快的”形容詞或副詞；
rather側重于“極，相當”，通常修飾表示“使人感到不愉快的”的形容詞或副詞。
—Instead of using “I very like English”, we often express “I like English very much.”
（我們不說(shuō)“I very like English.”，通常說(shuō)“I like English very much.”。）
—Quite right. It’s very important. （完全正確。這一點(diǎn)很重要。）
—His pronunciation is fairly good, but his handwriting is rather poor.
—I quite agree with you.
very / right / just
三者都含有“正好；就是”之意
very是形容詞，用來(lái)修飾名詞，位于the, this，my等限定詞后；?
right和just作副詞，用來(lái)修飾謂語(yǔ)（常為動(dòng)詞be）或作狀語(yǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)等，須放在the, this，my等限定詞之前。
At the very beginning of this term, they took an exam．就在學(xué)期開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，他們舉行了一次考試。
He is just the actor I want．他正是我所想要的演員。
The police looked at the thief right in the eye．警察目不轉睛地盯著(zhù)小偷。
visit / call / see / drop in
visit：拜訪(fǎng)，訪(fǎng)問(wèn)；參觀(guān)?？杀硎菊降脑L(fǎng)問(wèn)或朋友間或親戚間的拜訪(fǎng)。
At present, they are visiting all parts of the country.
see 看望，探望。用于非正式的而且是熟人之間的拜訪(fǎng)。
“I’ve just arrived by train,” she said. “I’m coming to see you.”
call：拜訪(fǎng)，走訪(fǎng)。call on接某人作賓語(yǔ)，call at接某地作賓語(yǔ)。
I called on him yesterday, but he could not help us.
He called at every house in the street once a month.
drop in：順便走訪(fǎng)。drop in on接某人當賓語(yǔ)，drop in at接某地當賓語(yǔ)。
On our way home, we dropped in on the Greens. 比較：
On our way home, we dropped in at the Greens’.
W
wait / expect
wait：等待。指動(dòng)作上等待。Wait a moment, please.
I have been waiting for him for half an hour.
expect：等待，期盼。指心理上期盼。We are expecting a letter from Li Hua.
Father has been expecting you.
warn sb of / warn sb against
warn sb of：警告某人某事 warn him of the danger
warn sb against 警告某人不做,相當于warn sb not to do sth eg: He warned us against smoking.
wash／wash away
wash表示“洗（手、衣服等）”，既可作及物動(dòng)詞，又可作不及物動(dòng)詞；?
wash away表示“沖走”、“沖垮”、“洗掉”，作及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)用。
[EXERCISES]
①The flood some of the houses in the village．
②He his face and hands，then went downstairs．
③You must before dinner．
（Keys: ①washed away ②washed ③wash）
wear / have on / put on / dress /（be）in
wear主要用于穿衣服、戴眼鏡（手套、首飾、帽）等，以強調“穿（戴）著(zhù)”的狀態(tài)。
Mr Wu always wears a blue coat in winter． 吳老師冬天總是穿著(zhù)一件藍色大衣。
have on作“穿（戴）著(zhù)”解，同wear一樣，也表狀態(tài)，但不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
Xiao Wang has on a white shirt today．（＝Xiao Wang is wearing a white shirt today．）
小王今天穿著(zhù)一件白襯衫。
put on著(zhù)重強調“穿（戴）上”的動(dòng)作。
I like to put on my hat when I go out in winter． 冬天，我喜歡外出時(shí)戴上帽子。
dress既可作及物動(dòng)詞，又可作不及物動(dòng)詞，所接賓語(yǔ)是人而不是衣、帽等物。
1）Her mother is dressing her． 她母親正在給她穿衣服。
2）The nurses are dressed in white． 護士穿著(zhù)白衣服。
“（be）in＋顏色或服裝、眼鏡等”也表示“穿著(zhù)”的狀態(tài)，在句中作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。
He is in uniform today． 他今天穿著(zhù)制服。
when / while / as
when：當或在……的時(shí)候。從句中的動(dòng)作可以表示某一段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻。
When we were at school, we went to the library every day.
It was raining when we arrived.
while：當或在…的時(shí)候。表示主句中的動(dòng)作在從句中的動(dòng)作的進(jìn)展過(guò)程中發(fā)生，只能指某一段時(shí)間。
Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.
as 當/在…的時(shí)候;可與when或while通用,但它著(zhù)重指主從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,有"一邊…一邊…"含義The children sang happily as they went along the road.
wide / widely
wide：寬，大。The fox lay dead, with its mouth wide open. （張大嘴巴）
widely：廣泛地。The Chinese language is widely used. （廣泛使用）
work on／work at
work on表示“從事”、“創(chuàng )作”、“進(jìn)行”，后面接名詞、代詞或V－ing，強調做具體的事；還可表示“繼續工作”、“努力說(shuō)服”，既可作及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)用，又可作不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)用。
Miss Liu is working on a new book．劉老師正在寫(xiě)一部新書(shū)。
We'll work on till midnight．我們將繼續工作到午夜。
work at表示“致力于”、“從事于”、“研究”、“學(xué)習”，后面接名詞、代詞或V－ing，強調把時(shí)間和精力等用在某一方面的事情上，側重于說(shuō)明所從事的工作性質(zhì)。
Mr.Zhang is working at a new invention．張先生正從事于一項新的發(fā)明。
He has worked at this subject for many years．他研究這門(mén)學(xué)科已經(jīng)好多年了。
worth / worthy
worth和worthy都有“值得的”的意思。
worth后接動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義,或接表示錢(qián)數或相當于“代價(jià)”的名詞,只當作表語(yǔ)；
worthy可以作表語(yǔ)（后接of，再接名詞或動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式，或直接跟不定式的被動(dòng)形式），可以作定語(yǔ)（是“有價(jià)值的、可尊敬的”的意思）。
It is worth every penny of it. （所花的每分錢(qián)都值得。）
Smith is a worthy gentleman. （史密斯是個(gè)可敬的人。）
又如，“這地方值得參觀(guān)?！庇幸韵虏煌磉_：
The place is worth visiting.
The place is worthy of a visit.
The place is worthy of being visited.
The place is worthy to be visited.
worthwhile 作定語(yǔ) a worthwhile task值得做的工作
用于句型It is worthwhile doing/to do sth
would do sth．/ used to do sth / be used to / get used to
would do sth．表示過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間內習慣性的行為、活動(dòng)；
I would get up early and go fishing.
Sometimes we would sit and listen to her play the piano．
used to do sth．暗含“現在已不這樣了”的意思；其后既可接表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，也可接表示認知或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。My elder brother used to be in the army. （此處不用would）
be used to 習慣于(常表現在的習慣性動(dòng)做或狀態(tài);其后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式);被用于(其后接動(dòng)詞原形)。
I used to live in the country, but now I’m used to living in the city.
The skin of snakes is used to make some kinds of musical instruments.蛇皮被用于制作多種樂(lè )器。
get used to 習慣于。其后接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。
Have you got used to the food / living here?
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