Ⅳ. 語(yǔ)法精講
數詞
數詞分為基數詞和序數詞，基數詞表示人或事物的數量，序數詞表示人或事物的次序。
1. 基本的基數詞和序數詞的構成：
基數詞 | 序數詞 |
one 1 | the first 1st |
two 2 | the second 2nd |
three 3 | the third 3rd |
four 4 | the fourth 4th |
five 5 | the fifth 5th |
six 6 | the sixth 6th |
seven 7 | the seventh 7th |
eight 8 | the eighth 8th |
nine 9 | the ninth 9th |
ten 10 | the tenth 10th |
eleven 11 | the eleventh 11th |
twelve 12 | the twelfth 12th |
thirteen 13 | the thirteenth 13th |
fourteen 14 | the fourteenth 14th |
fifteen 15 | the fifteenth 15th |
sixteen 16 | the sixteenth 16th |
seventeen 17 | the seventeenth 17th |
eighteen 18 | the eighteenth 18th |
nineteen 19 | the nineteenth 19th |
twenty 20 | the twentieth 20th |
twenty-one 21 | the twenty-first 21st |
thirty 30 | the thirtieth 30th |
forty 40 | the fortieth 40th |
fifty 50 | the fiftieth 50th |
sixty 60 | the sixtieth 60th |
seventy 70 | the seventieth 70th |
eighty 80 | the eightieth 80th |
ninety 90 | the ninetieth 90th |
a(one) hundred 100 | the hundredth 100th |
a(one) thousand 1000 | the thousandth 1000th |
a(one) million 1 000 000 | the millionth 1 000 000th |
a(one) billion 1 000 000 000 | the billionth 1 000 000 000th |
1) 基數詞的表達法：
① 1～12的基數詞是獨立的單詞。
② 13～19的基數詞均以-teen結尾，注意thirteen, fifteen, eighteen的拼寫(xiě)。
③ 20～90的整十位數均以-ty結尾，注意twenty, thirty, forty, fifty的拼寫(xiě)。
④ 幾十幾的基數詞是由十位數詞和個(gè)位數詞合成，中間加連字符“－”。例如：
21: twenty-one; 32: thirty-two
⑤ 三位數的構成：幾＋百＋and＋末位數。例如：
102: one hundred and two 654: six hundred and fifty-four
⑥ 千以上的數字的讀法：從后往前，每三位數一個(gè)單位。例如：
3762: three thousand seven hundred and sixty-two
98733: ninety-eight thousand seven hundred thirty-three
高分突破：
① 基數詞可以和名詞構成合成形容詞，但名詞要用單數。例如：
a 7-year-old girl 一個(gè)七歲大的小女孩
② “幾十”的數詞的復數形式可以表示人的歲數或年代。例如：
in his forties 在他四十多歲時(shí)
in the 1940s 在二十世紀四十年代
③ 數詞hundred, thousand, million, billion等前無(wú)修飾詞時(shí)，須用復數且后常接介詞of，如有many，some，several，a few等修飾詞時(shí)，可用復數或單數形式，但復數時(shí)常有介詞of，例如：
three hundred kids
hundreds of kids
many thousand kids = many thousands of kids
2) 序數詞的表達法：
序數詞＝基數詞＋th（第1,第2,第3為first, second, third）,但要注意：
① fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth的拼寫(xiě)。
② 以ty結尾的基數詞變詞尾為tie再加th。
③ 幾十幾以上的基數詞變序數詞時(shí)只有個(gè)位數變?yōu)樾驍翟~。
2 數詞的應用：
1) 表示時(shí)鐘，例如：seven o’clock, eight fifty
2) 表示編號，例如：
Unit One = the first unit
Bus 107 = the number 107 bus
3) 表示年月，例如：
July 27, 2005
4) 分數的表達法：
分子用基數詞，分母用序數詞。當分子大于1時(shí)，分母用復數，例如：
1/3: one third 4/5: four fifths
高分突破：
1/2: one second = a/one half
1/4: one fourth = a/one quarter
3/4: three fourths = three quarters
5) 倍數的表達法：
兩倍用twice，三倍以上用基數詞＋times表示，常見(jiàn)句型如下：
① ...times + as...as... 例如：
This bag of bananas is twice as heavy as that one.
② ...times + 比較級 + than... 例如：
My ruler is three times longer than yours.
③ ...times the size(height, length, weight) of ... 例如：
This tree is twice the height of that one.
[強化訓練]
I.單項選擇
1. _______________? Today is March 8th, the Teachers’ Day.
A. What day is it today? B. Is it Teachers’ Day today?
C. What’s the date today? D. When is Teachers’ Day?
2. _______ year were you born?
A. When B. What C. Where D. What time
3. What kind of movie do you like? I like _________________.
A. action movie and comedy B. action movies and comedies
C. action movies and comedy D. action movie and comedies
4. I’m very _______ because there’s an _______ football match on TV tonight.
A. excited, exciting B. exciting, exciting
C. exciting, excited D. excited, excited
5. How many _____ are there in one year? Twelve.
A. years B. days C. months D. weeks
6. We’ll have a party _____ his birthday.
A. in B. as C. on D. at
7. _____ the same reason, I like Jackie best.
A. Because B. For C. In D. On
8. Mr. Brown lets Tom _____ Chinese Kung Fu for us.
A. does B. do C. to do D. doing
9. Gina sings many ______ songs, she sings them _____.
A. good, well B. well, good C. good, good D. well, well
10. A singer ______ for our rock band!
A. wants B. want C. wanted D. to want
11. Are you good _____ young children?
A. for B. at C. with D. on
12. There _____ some information about the TV show for you.
A. be B. is C. are D. to be
13. Sam ____________ 10:00 pm.
A. gets up on B. goes to bed in
C. have breakfast at D. gets home at
14. It’s 6:30. It’s time _____ supper.
A. for B. to C. for have D. to having
15. Who is the last _____ take a shower at your home?
A. man for B. one to C. one D. first to
16. Mr. Smith teaches _______.
A. my English B. me English C. I English D. English me
17. Where _____ your pen pal _____?
A. does, form B. is, come from C. does, comes from D. is, from
18. _____ is your favorite singer?
A. What B. Who C. What one D. When
19. Where is your grandfather? __________________________.
A. He’s nice. B. He usually has tea in his bedroom.
C. He’s reading newspaper. D. He’s on the dresser.
20. Look! Lily is _______.
A. writeing a letter. B. cleanning the blackboard.
C. drawing. D. shoping.
II. 句型轉換：
1. I think documentaries are interesting. (變?yōu)榉穸ň?/span>)
I ______ ______ documentaries ______ interesting.
2. Jenny can play the piano and the violin. (變?yōu)榉穸ň?/span>)
Jenny ___ ____ the piano ___ the violin.
3. Lily usually buys her clothes at this shop.(一般疑問(wèn)句)
____ Lily usually ____ her clothes at this shop?
4. He wants to sell his bike to me.(一般疑問(wèn)句)
____ he _____ _____ _____ his bike to me?
5. Jim eats chicken at home. (對劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn))
_____ _____ Jim _____ at home?
6. She can play the piano. (對劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn))
_____ _____ she ____?
7. He likes romance.( 對劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn))
______ ______ ______ _______ _______ he like?
8. She usually has a shower at 9:30 pm. (對劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn))
_____ _____ ______ she usually _____ a shower?
9. Jim’s favorite subject is science. (同義句)
Jim ______ science ______.
10. It’s time for me to have breakfast. (同義句)
It’s time ______ my _______.
III. 用所給單詞的適當形式填空：
1. December is the ______ month of the year. (twelve)
2. Do you think the school trip is ________? (interest)
3. I don’t like _______ because it’s scary. (thriller)
4. He’s a good _______, he can ______ well. (swim)
5. He is my favorite ________. (music)
6. She often practices ________ after school. (dance)
7. Peter’s family are from Canada, so they are __________. (Canada)
8. Tony with his parents _____ in Mexico City. (live)
9. Is his father _____ on the jacket now? (put)
10. She wants to _____ a basketball player. (be)
Ⅳ. 改錯
1. Monday is the first day of a week.
_________________________________.
2. We can learn a lot of about Chinese history.
_________________________________.
3. I like him to play piano for me.
_________________________________.
4. Please tell to Mr. Wang for more information.
_________________________________.
5. In the morning of December 25th, we usually visit our friends.
_________________________________.
6. He usually goes to work by the taxi.
_________________________________.
7. Can you think what is his job?
_________________________________.
8. How a great time to play soccer outside.
_________________________________.
9. These are some of my friend.
_________________________________.
10. On the next photo he’s listening the music.
_________________________________.
Ⅴ. 翻譯填空
1. 李老師的生日是9月30日. Mr. Li’s _______ is September _______.
2. Jackie Chan 是一個(gè)成功的演員。 Jackie Chan is _____ ____________ _______.
3. 你能拉好小提琴嗎？ Can you _______ _______ ________ _______?
4. Michael Jordan以籃球明星出名。
Michael Jordan is __________ __________ a basketball ________.
5. 今天你能讀完這些書(shū)嗎？ Can you _________ _________ these _______ today?
6. 她和她父親常在周末去看京劇。
She _____ her father often goes to ________ _______ on weekends.
7. 他忙著(zhù)為他的搖滾樂(lè )隊找歌手。
He’s _______ in _________ for a singer _______ his rock band.
8. 我媽媽正在做飯，我爸爸正在寫(xiě)信。
My mom is ________, my dad is ________ a letter.
9. 玲玲來(lái)自中國，她能說(shuō)中文。
Lingling ________ ________ China, she can _______ ________.
10. 他不喜歡數學(xué)，因為數學(xué)對他來(lái)說(shuō)太難了。
He ______ ______ math, because it’s too ________ for _______.
Ⅵ. 口語(yǔ)運用
A: __________________?
B: I’m John Green.
A: ___________________?
B: I want to join chess club.
A: ___________________?
B: Sorry I can’t, but I really like it.
A: I’m sorry but you can’t join the club. _______________?
B: I can swim, and I swim very well.
A: _______________________?
B: That sounds good. I like swimming club, too.
A: Please fill it out.
B: OK, thank you.
Ⅶ. 用所給句子補全對話(huà)
A: Hello, Jack! _________________?
B: I’m writing a letter to my parents.
A: Where are they?
B: ________________________.
A: ________________________?
B: There are four, my parents, my brother and I.
A: ________________________?
B: He’s at school now.
A: ________________________?
B: OK, it’s a good idea!
A: See you later.
B: See you later.
1. How are you? 2. Can we play soccer later? 3. Where is your brother?
4. Do you have brother or sister? 5. They are in the UK on vacation now.
6. How many people are there in your family? 7. What are you doing?
[強化訓練]
I.單項選擇
1. Her ____ name is Kate.
A. last B. first C. second D. family
2. This apple is green. His family name is _____, too.
A. Red B. Black C. green D. Green
3. The boy ____ blue ____ Tom.
A. in, is B. is, in C. are, on D. of, are
4. My orange is ______ .
A. a orange B. orange C. a green D. oranges
5. What’s in the lost and found case?
_________.
A. Set of keys B. A set of key C. A set of keies D. A set of keys
6. Who’s that? __________.
A. That’s a waitress. B. This is a girl. C. This is Ms Wang. D. That’s Mrs Wang.
7. Your uncle is your father’s______.
A. sister B. cousin C. friends D. father
8. Can I see your ID card? ______.
A. OK B. Can you C. Good D. You see
9. Would you please ____ me a pen?
A. take B. bring C. know D. let
10. “Are the things in this shop dear?” “No, they are ______.”
A. good B. $ 12 C. low price D. cheap
11. “ ________, that’s a car.” “ Where? I can’t _____ it.”
A. Look, look B. Look, see C. Look at, see D. See, look at
12. _____ a cute dog. But I don’t know _____ name.
A. It’s, its B. Its, it’s C. It’s, it’s D. Its, its
13. What does he ____ ____ dinner?
A. has, for B. has, at C. have, in D. have, for
14. ______ salad do you eat?
A. How many B. What many C. How much D. What much
15. Does your sister ____ books every day?
A. watch B. see C. reads D. read
16. I buy these watches _____ them ___ $ 12.
A. to, at B. from, for C. to, for D. from, at
17. Sam is ____ years old. He’s a good boy.
A. forteen B. fourten C. forty D. fourteen
18. Let’s sing a song for him. ____
A. That’s all right. B. That’s right. C. All right. D. Right.
19. Jerry isn’t _____. He’s ______.
A. an English, American B. English boy, American
C. English, American D. English, a American
20. I’m sorry I’m late. ________.
A. That’s right. B. That’s all right. C. You’re welcome. D. That’s ok.
II. 句型轉換：
1. My sister likes strawberries. (變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句)
_____ your sister _____ strawberries?
2. There are some notebooks in my backpack. (變?yōu)榉穸ň?/font>)
There _____ _____ notebooks in my backpack.
3. These are some English dictionaries. (變?yōu)閱螖?/font>)
___________________________________.
4. Jack usually has a hamburger and a cup of milk for lunch. (對劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn))
_____ _____ Jack usually _____ for lunch?
5. She watches TV at home every day. (對劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn))
________ ______ she ______ TV every day?
6. Mr. Smith wants to buy a new coat. (對劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn))
______ ____ Mr. Smith ______ to _____?
7. This desk is old. (同義句) This is ____ _____ desk.
8. He’s Kim’s father. (同義句) Kim is _____ ________.
9. What’s the price of the pants? (同義句) _____ _____ _____ the pants?
10. I like the red sweater. (同義句) I like the ______ ______ ______.
III. 用所給單詞的適當形式填空：
1. It’s not ____ alarm clock. (a)
2. Let ____ play tennis. (I)
3. Where ___ Tom’s parents?(be)
4. Many ____. That’s all right.(thank)
5. I see your ______. They are fine.(grandparent)
6. Your ____ are my pen ______.(朋友)
7. His _____ are very cute.(女兒)
8. The two ____ are good. (家庭)
9. _____ answers are right.(they)
10. Her sister and his brother aren’t my _____ (表兄妹)
Ⅳ. 改錯
1. This is a his pen. ________________________________.
2. Her pen is a yellow. ________________________________.
3. Are your name Tom? ________________________________.
4. You pen is OK. ________________________________.
5. Tom and Peter is English ________________________________.
6. How are you spell “pen”? ________________________________.
7. That is they school. ________________________________.
8. These is his brothers. ________________________________.
9. Tom, where is his keys? ________________________________.
10. Let’s play the football. ________________________________.
Ⅴ. 翻譯填空
1. 你的名字是Peter嗎？是的。______ your name Peter? Yes, _____ _____.
2. 那只丟失的手表是新的。That ______ ______ is new.
3. 她的叔叔是她媽媽的弟弟。 Her _______ is her _______ ________.
4. 看！我的錄像帶在地板上椅子底下。
Look! My _______ _______ is _______ the floor _______ the chair.
5. 你喜歡體育嗎？歡迎加入我們學(xué)校體育中心。
______ you like ______? ______ to _______ our _______ _______ _______.
6. 這場(chǎng)足球比賽真的很無(wú)聊。 The _________ game is ______ ______ _______.
7. 我阿姨喜歡沙拉但她不喜歡花椰菜。
My aunt _______ _______ but she ______ ______ _______.
8. 跑步明星Tony午餐常吃牛奶和漢堡。
_______ _______, Tony, often ______ milk and _______ _______ lunch.
9. 你這條綠色的新短褲多少錢(qián)？
How _______ _______ your new green _______?
What ______ the _______ of your new green ________?
10. 我們商店出售各種顏色的毛衣。
The ________ in all _______ are _______ _______ in our store.
