【考點(diǎn)描述】
動(dòng)詞是高考英語(yǔ)中重要的一個(gè)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)，而動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)(以及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞)又是各類(lèi)動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)中最重要的。從近年來(lái)的考題看，動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn)主要涉及兩種一般時(shí)態(tài)(一般現在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí))、兩種進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)(現在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí))以及兩種完成時(shí)態(tài)(現在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí))，有時(shí)也涉及一般將來(lái)時(shí)以及過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)等其他時(shí)態(tài)。主要考查考生在具體語(yǔ)境中對英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的理解和運用情況。
【特技傳授】
“五注意”：一要注意句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，因為特定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)往往需連用特定的時(shí)態(tài)；二要注意時(shí)態(tài)呼應，如主句的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)要與賓語(yǔ)從句的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)呼應，主句的將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)要與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句的一般現在時(shí)態(tài)呼應等；三要注意結合具體的語(yǔ)境來(lái)分析，不僅要分析動(dòng)作的先后關(guān)系，而且要充分利用題干中已有時(shí)態(tài)的暗示，同時(shí)還要注意結合句子上下文的意思進(jìn)行綜合考慮；四看時(shí)態(tài)“標志詞”，有的詞語(yǔ)習慣上要與某種特定的時(shí)態(tài)連用，如習慣上要連用現在完成時(shí)的標志性詞語(yǔ)有since(自……以來(lái))，sofar(到目前為止)，by now(到現在為止)，in the last［past］ five years(在過(guò)去的五年中)，it’s the firsttime...(第一次……)等；五要注意是否與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)綜合考查，有時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)綜合考查，考生應在考慮時(shí)態(tài)的同時(shí)，根據句子主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的關(guān)系選擇恰當的語(yǔ)態(tài)。
1. “I’m sorry. I shouldn’t have treated you like that.”“You_______your temper but it doesn’t matter.”
A. had lost B. have lost C. did lose D. were losing
2. How have you been? We____________we should never see youagain.
A. think B. thought C. have thought D. are thinking
3. Unless we run，the film__________ by the time we get to thecinema.
A. will start B. will have started C. are starting D. hasstarted
4. There________ less accidents on this road since the speed limitwas introduced.
A. have been B. were C. had been D. have had
5.“You must have met him at theparty.”“Oh，no，I_____________.”
A. hadn’t B. mustn’t C. haven’t D. didn’t
6. Unfortunately，when I arrived there，he_________ and we hadlittle time to talk about it.
A. has just left B. had just left C. just left D. was justleaving
7. Look at that little boy wandering about—perhaps he_____hismother.
A. will lose B. is losing C. had lost D. has lost
8. It’s good that we____ to the park because it’s now startedto rain.
A. don’t go B. hadn’t gone C. didn’t go D. wasn’tgoing
9. Jim，you___________ your turn so you’ll have to wait.
A. will miss B. have missed C. are missing D. hadmissed
10. The Smiths____to move but they’re still considering where togo to.
A. are deciding B. decided C. have decided D. haddecided
11. They haven’t arrived yet but we_________them at anymoment.
A. are expected B. have expected C. are expecting D. willexpect
12. I tried to phone her，but even as I___she was leaving thebuilding.
A. phoned B. would phone C. had phoned D. was phoning
13. How can you possibly miss the news? It________on TV all daylong.
A. has been B. had been C. was D. will be
14.“He says he hasn’t any money to lend us now.”“Buthe_________!”
A. promises B. promised C. will promise D.had promised
15.Would you please call later? My father__________a bath justnow.
A. has had B. was having C. is having D. has
16. Oh，look at that tall tree. I’m afraid we_____back where we____.
A. are，are B. were，were C. are，were D. were，are
17. This bridge，which_____the 14th century，is dangerous to walkon.
A. is dated from B. was dated from C. dates from D. datedfrom
18.“I__________his telephone number.”“I have his number，butI_________to bring my phone book.”
A. forget，forget B. forgot，forgot C. forget，forgot D.forgot，forget
19.“Does Mr Smith work here?”“No，but he______here for sometime.”
A. worked B. has worked C. is working D. works
20.“Jim，do you know who wanted me on the phone?”“Sorry. Idon’t know. I________a bath in the bathroom.”
A. have had B. had had C. was having D. am having
21.“Hurry up! Jim and Mary are waiting for you.”“Oh! Ithought they ___________without me.”
A. were going B. have gone C. had gone D. would go
22. I had intended to come over to see you last night，but someone____________and I couldn’t get away.
A. called B. had called C. would call D.wouldhavecalled
23.“Will you leave the office now?”“Not until I________thework.”
A. will finish B. have finished
C. willhave finished D. had finished
24. You____________television. Why not do something moreactive?
A. are always watching B. were always watching
C. have always watched D. have always been watching
25. The plans__________under discussion for a year now，but nodecisionreached.
A. have been，has been B. are，isC. have been，is D.are，has been
【參考答案】
1—5 CBBAD6—10 DDCBC11—15 CDABC16—20 CCCAC 21—25CABAA
【答案簡(jiǎn)析】
1.用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示剛才發(fā)生的情況，其中的did表強調。2.用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去的想法。3.注意句中的by the time以及其后的一般現在時(shí)(表將來(lái)意義)。4.注意句中的時(shí)態(tài)標志詞since。5.表示過(guò)去的情況用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。6.注意后文語(yǔ)境(wehad little time to talk aboutit)。7.用現在完成時(shí)表示結果。8.“沒(méi)有去”屬過(guò)去情況。9.用現在完成時(shí)表示對現在的影響。10.結合后面的現在進(jìn)行時(shí)，用排除法可知答案。11.areexpecting 指現在的心理傾向。12.even as意為“正當……的時(shí)候”“恰當……的時(shí)候”。
13.注意前面一句的can為現在時(shí)態(tài)。14.用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。15.注意句中的justnow不是表示“剛才”，而是表示“此時(shí)”。16. we areback where wewere的意思是“我們又回到了我們剛才來(lái)過(guò)的地方”。17.datefrom(回溯至)后接過(guò)去時(shí)間，但不用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)(也不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))。18.“忘記他的電話(huà)號碼”是現在的情況，“忘記帶電話(huà)本”是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作。19.注意句中的關(guān)鍵詞no。20.用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。21.注意主句時(shí)態(tài)用的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)。22.用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。23.Notuntil I have finished the work 為I won’t leave the office untilI have finished the work之省略。24.用現在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示感情色彩(此處表示不滿(mǎn))。25.注意關(guān)鍵信息for a year now。
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