［正］ Because it was Sunday the park was crowded.
［析］ 這種錯誤是因為中文的習慣與英語(yǔ)的表述法不同，中文常講我來(lái)晚了的原因是因為我病了，而英文中的第二個(gè)因為要用that代替。又因中文常講因為……所以……，而英文中用了因為就不能再用所以了，同樣用了"所以"也就不要再用"因為"一詞。例如：Because we study hard, we passed the exam easily. 或者：We study hard so we passed the exam easily.
because because of
because后要接從句，例如：We like physics because we can learn a lot of new ideas. 而because of后要接名詞作介詞賓語(yǔ)，如：He is not at school because of the illness.
before
［誤］ We have two hours to kill before we will go home.
［正］ We have two hours to kill before we go home.
［析］ kill time意為"消磨時(shí)光"。
英語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句中要用一般現在時(shí)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。如：If it rains we will not go to the park.
［誤］ I did this work two days before.
［正］ I did this work two days ago.
［析］ 用ago組成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)其主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去時(shí)，而before引起的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)其主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用完成時(shí)，如：I has done this work a few days before.
before long long before
before long是"不久"之意，例如：I shall go to America before long. 而long before則是"很久很久"之意，如：We knew this teacher long before we saw him. (我們在看到這位老師之前很久就知道他了。)
begin
［誤］ The meeting will begin from Monday.
［正］ The meeting will begin on Monday.
［誤］ The film has begun for ten minutes.
［正］ The film has been on for ten minutes.
［析］ begin是瞬間動(dòng)詞，所以它的完成時(shí)態(tài)不能接表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，如：The film has begun. 這句話(huà)是對的，即"電影已經(jīng)開(kāi)始"。但要講已經(jīng)開(kāi)始10分鐘了則要用has been on即"上演了10分鐘"。
begin start
begin與start兩詞后面加不定式或動(dòng)名詞都可以，且意思并無(wú)區別，但在表達習慣時(shí)接動(dòng)名詞的用法較多，如：How old wern you when you first started learning English?但這兩個(gè)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中則多用不定式，如：I was beginning to get hungry. 但如果句子的主語(yǔ)是物而不是人，則多用不定式，如：The ice began to melt. It started to get dark before we got to school. 當動(dòng)詞是表達某種心理狀態(tài)時(shí)，要用不定式，如：The student began to understand his mistakes.
［誤］ They study hard in the class from the beginning to the end.
［正］ They study hard in the class from beginning to end.
［析］ from beginning to end是習慣用法，即自始至終，不要加冠詞，但如單獨使用則要加冠詞，例如：At the beginning,the teacher gave us an exam.
behind
［誤］ He missed the class because he was behind the time.
［正］ He missed the class because he was behind time.
［析］ behind time一短語(yǔ)意為"晚了"，而behind the times意為"落后于時(shí)代"。behind是介詞同時(shí)又是副詞，如Come out from behind the door(介詞). He's a long way behind(副詞). He fell behind with his classmates(副詞).
below
［誤］ What's that below the chair.
［正］ What's that under the chair.
［析］ under意為"正下方"，而below意為"比……低"，或指"在下游"。如：There is a fall below the river. (河的下游有一個(gè)瀑布。)其反義詞為over，如：There is a big plane flying over the city. 但在"下面的例子"一表達語(yǔ)中則要用the example below, 而不要用under.
beside
［誤］ The students stood besides the teacher.
［正］ The students stood beside the teacher.
［誤］ I study English beside Chinese.
［正］ I study English besides Chinese.
［析］ beside意為"在……旁邊"，而besides是"除……以外(還如何)"。
beside by near
beside意為"在……旁"，如：There is a tall tree beside the river. by多指"倚、靠"、"沿著(zhù)"之意，如：She is standing by the window. near多用來(lái)表示兩地間距離不遠，如：There is a post office near our school.
better
［誤］ You had better to do it at home.
［正］ You had better do it at home.
［誤］ You hadn't better wake me up at six.
［正］ You had better not wake me up at six.
［析］ had better在肯定句中為"應該作某事"，其后加不帶to的不定式，而在否定句中應用had better+not+動(dòng)詞原形。在簡(jiǎn)答語(yǔ)中had常省略為'd，如：You'd better not. 又如：
Let's go first. No, we'd better not.
between
［誤］ Among the two trees there is a space of the feet.
［正］ Between the two trees there is a space of the feet.
［析］ 兩者之間多用between，三者或三者以上之間則用among.
［誤］ You must choose between this club or that club.
［正］ You must choose between this club and that club.
［析］ 在兩個(gè)之間作出選擇要用between…and…，而不能用between…or….
big
［誤］ There was a big rain last night.
［正］ There was a heavy rain last night.
［析］ 大雨在英語(yǔ)中只能用a heavy rain而不要用a big rain.
bit
［誤］ He is a bit fool.
［正］ He is a bit of a fool.
［析］ a bit可以作程度副詞，與a little相同，但它用于名詞前應用a bit of, 而用于形容詞前則應用a bit，如：I'm a bit tired, 而其簡(jiǎn)答的否定句應為Not a bit, (一點(diǎn)兒也不。)又如：
-Do you mind if I open the door?
-Not a bit.
black
［誤］ The children became black after swimming in the sea.
［正］ The children became sunburned after swimming in the sea.
［析］ 因太陽(yáng)照曬而皮膚變黑，不應用black而應用sunburned, sun colour或dark.
［誤］ The girl has black eyes and black
hair.
［正］ The girl has dark eyes and black hair.
［析］ 英語(yǔ)中black eyes的意思是被打得發(fā)青的眼睛。
［誤］ The Europeans like red tea.
［正］ The Europeans like black tea.
［析］ 紅茶在英文中應為black tea. 這種慣用法還有：black and blue(鼻青臉腫，青一塊紫一塊)；blackandwhite(黑白電視片)。go black意為"在失去知覺(jué)時(shí)眼前一片黑暗"；look black意為"情況不妙，前景暗淡"。如：After the fight he was black and blue.On TV, I like colour for something and blackandwhite for others.
body
［誤］ Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your body.
［正］ Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your health.
［析］ 中文常講對你身體有利，而英文中則講對你健康有利。
borrow
［誤］ May I lend some books from the library?
［正］ May I borrow some books from the library?
［誤］ How long can I borrow it?
［正］ How long can I keep it?
［析］ 英語(yǔ)中有三個(gè)詞都可譯為"借"，但意義各不相同如："借入"是borrow，其常用句型結構是borrow something from somebody，這是個(gè)瞬間性動(dòng)詞，不可與表示延續的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例如：The students want to borrow some books from the library. "借出"用lend，即借給別人東西。其常用句型是lend somebody something, 或lend something to somebody.例如：Could you lend us your dictionary?或Could you lend your dictionary to us? 它也是瞬間性動(dòng)詞，也不能與延續的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。keep則是延續性動(dòng)詞，可以和表示長(cháng)時(shí)間段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，也可與how long等疑問(wèn)詞連用，如：You can keep it for three days.
born (bear的過(guò)去分詞)
［誤］ I born in Shanghai.
［正］ I was born in Shanghai.
［誤］ He was born from Greek parents.
［正］ He was born of Greek parents.
［析］ "出身于……樣的家庭"不要作from而要用of，例如：He was born of a poor family.
both
［誤］ They both are students.
［正］ They are both students.
［誤］ They refuse both to answer this question.
［正］ They both refuse to answer this question.
［析］ both作同位語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般要用在be動(dòng)詞之后實(shí)意動(dòng)詞之前。
［誤］ I know his both parents.
［正］ I know both his parents.
［誤］ The both brothers were students.
［正］ Both the brothers were students.
［正］ Both brothers were students.
［析］ 當both與形容詞性物主代詞my, his, her等以及定冠詞the連用時(shí)，都應將這些詞置于both之后。另外，在與定冠詞連用時(shí)the可以省略。
［誤］ Both of my parents are not at home.
［正］ Neither of my parents are at home.
［誤］ Both of your answers are not right.
［正］ Neither of your answers is right.
［正］ Both your answers are wrong.
［析］ both不能用于否定句中作主語(yǔ)。表示"兩者都不"時(shí)要用neither;但作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)both與either則都對，但要注意句意有所不同。例如：I cannot give both of the books to you. (我不能將兩本書(shū)全給你。)而I cannot give either of the books to you. (兩本書(shū)中哪本書(shū)也不能給你。)
bring
［誤］ Please bring this dictionary to Mr Brown.
［正］ Please take this dictionary to Mr Brown.
［誤］ Next time, please take your little sister here.
［正］ Next time, please bring your little sister here.
［析］ 英語(yǔ)中bring是"帶來(lái)"，而take是"帶走"。還有一個(gè)詞fetch, 表示"到某處去把某物取、接回來(lái)"。如：Please fetch the doctor at once.
business
［誤］ My father went to Shanghai for business.
［正］ My father went to Shanghai on business.
［析］ on business出差
busy
［誤］ The students were very busy to prepare for the exam.
［正］ The students were very busy preparing for the exam.
［析］ be busy doing something為"忙于作某事"
［誤］ The students were busy for the exam.
［正］ The students were busy with the exam.
［析］ busy直接接名詞時(shí)應用with.
but
［誤］ He couldn't help but realizing that he was wrong.
［正］ He couldn't help but realize that he was wrong.
［誤］ She couldn't help to cry when she saw her mother.
［正］ She couldn't help crying when she saw her mother.
［析］ couldn't help其后應接動(dòng)名詞，表示情不自禁的動(dòng)作，但couldn't help but后面要加動(dòng)詞原形即省to的不定式，所以前一句應譯為"他才真正認識到他錯了。"
buy
［誤］ I have bought this dictionary for three years.
［正］ I have had this dictionary for three years.
［析］ buy是截止性(即瞬間)動(dòng)詞，它可以有完成時(shí)，如：I have bought this dictionary. 但是不能與表示較長(cháng)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如要講我這本字典已買(mǎi)了3年了則要用have had這一結構即我擁有這本字典已3年了。
by
［誤］ The boy shot the cat by a gun.
［正］ The boy shot the cat with a gun.
［誤］ He came to school by a taxi this morning.
［正］ He came to school by taxi this morning.
［析］ 作為某種運輸手段來(lái)講，by與名詞間不能有冠詞，如：by car, by bike, by air等。如有了冠詞或其他修飾詞，則應用別的相應的介詞，如："我們今天早上是乘他的車(chē)來(lái)的"一句應譯為：We came here in his car this morning.與by結合而成的詞組很多，常用的有：by the way順便說(shuō)說(shuō)；by hand手工制作；by oneself獨自地；by no means決不。
call
［誤］ I'll call at Mr Brown.
［正］ I'll call on Mr Brown.
［誤］ I'll call on Mr Brown's home.
［正］ I'll call at Mr Brown's home.
［析］ 作"拜訪(fǎng)"講時(shí)，at后面接訪(fǎng)問(wèn)地點(diǎn)，而on后面接訪(fǎng)問(wèn)的人。
call on drop in visit
call on比較正式的為公務(wù)的訪(fǎng)問(wèn)，如：We were called on by the old students. 而drop in則是比較隨便的走走，順便拜訪(fǎng)，如：If you're free, drop in. 而visit則是更正式的外交訪(fǎng)問(wèn)或友好往來(lái)，如：My school's headmaster will visit America next week.
can
［誤］ A blind man can not judge colours.
［正］ A blind man cannot judge colours.
［誤］ I cann't call for you at ten.
［正］ I can't call for you at ten.
［析］ can的否定形式應為cannot或can't.
［誤］ It's only six o'clock. That mustn't be the postman.
［正］ It's only six o'clock. That can't be the postman.
［析］ must用來(lái)表示一種肯定的推斷，如：She must have some problems. She keeps crying. 但在否定句中則要用can't， 要表示對過(guò)去的推測則要用"must+have+過(guò)去分詞"的表達法，如：The lights have gone out.A fuse must have blown.而對過(guò)去的否定推測則多用"can't+have+過(guò)去分詞"，如：I don't think he can have heard you. Call again.
［誤］ We could not help to laugh at once.
［正］ We could not help laughing at once.
［正］ We could not help but laugh at once.
［析］ "couldn't help+動(dòng)名詞"表示禁不住做了某事。但could not help but與could not but后面要加不帶to的不定式，意思都是不得不去做某事.如：You could not (help) but respect him.
can be able to
can與be able to都可以用來(lái)表示能力，但can只有現在時(shí)與過(guò)去時(shí)，be able to則可用任何時(shí)態(tài)，如：He will be able to teach the child. 但要表示經(jīng)過(guò)努力而達到的一次性動(dòng)作則只能用be able to，如：He finally was able to jump over 210 meters. 或：The plane was able to fly over the mountain. 但要注意的是這兩個(gè)詞都沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，而be able to后面不接不定式的被動(dòng)態(tài)。
can could
can與could都可以用在現在時(shí)的口語(yǔ)中，只是用could更為禮貌，語(yǔ)氣更委婉。如：Could you tell us a story?
care
［誤］ I don't care coffee.
［正］ I don't care for coffee.
［誤］ Take care for your steps.
［正］ Take care of your steps.
［析］ care for是"對某物感興趣"，而care of是"關(guān)心，要當心某事"，如：She didn't care for him. Take care of what you are doing.
［誤］ I don't care where we will go if it doesn't rain.
［正］ I don't care where we go if it doesn't rain.
［析］ 在it doesn't matter, I don't care, I don't mind, 及in case引出的狀語(yǔ)從句后面要用現在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。如：I've got a football in case we have time for a game.
change
［誤］ I want to change my camera with that one.
［正］ I want to change my camera for that one.
［析］ change for為"以某物為交換物"。而change with則是"隨……而變"，如：The wood's colour changed with the season.
cheap
［誤］ A teacher's salary is generally very cheap.
［正］ A teacher's salary is generally very low.
［析］ 工資的高低要用low，cheap是指價(jià)格便宜，如果要講物美價(jià)廉則要用not expensive, 如：This car is not expensive.
choose
［誤］ We each had to have a choose of A or B.
［正］ We each had to have a choice of A or B.
［析］ choice是名詞，而choose是動(dòng)詞。
class
［誤］ The class is watching TV.
［正］ The class are watching TV.
［析］ class作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果作為整體講則應用單數形式的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，如：The class was more than forty in number. 如考慮到具體的每個(gè)成員時(shí)則應用復數形式的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，如：The class are, in general, very bright.
clean
［誤］ Sorry, I didn't bought it here. I cleanly forgot.
［正］ Sorry, I didn't bought it here. I clean forgot.
［析］ clean可以作為副詞講，其意為"完全"，而cleanly則意為"正確地"、"干凈利落地"，如：The knife doesn't cut cleanly. 而clean作為形容詞講時(shí)意為"清潔的"、"干凈的"，如：Her face is not clean now.
clever
［誤］ I'm not clever in English.
［正］ I'm not clever at English.
［析］ clever at是固定搭配，表示在某方面有特長(cháng)。
close
［誤］ It is cold outside. Please keep the door close.
［正］ It is cold outside. Please keep the door closed.
［析］ 這里的close是動(dòng)詞，意為"關(guān)閉"，而keep后要加形容詞，所以要用close的過(guò)去分詞形式closed作形容詞。作形容詞用的close意為"近的"、"親密的"。
［誤］ Come closely so that I can see you.
［正］ Come close so that I can see you.
［誤］ Good teaching and good testing are close related.
［正］ Good teaching and good testing are closely related.
［析］ close,closely同樣可以作副詞用，但其意義不同，close是"靠近"、"接近"之意，而closely則是"緊密"、"嚴密"、"密切"之意。
［誤］ My school was quite close from my home.
［正］ My school was quite close to my home.
［析］ "與……接近"是close to…，例如：
He was close to fifty.
There is a busstop close to the station.
close shut turn
shut與close是同義詞，如close the door或shut the door. 但要講把某人關(guān)在門(mén)外時(shí)則只能用shut somebody out而不能用close，因shut語(yǔ)氣較強，并含有隔離之意。而turn off是指關(guān)上電視、電燈、煤氣之類(lèi)，有切斷之意。
cloth
［誤］ The children wear very good cloth to go to school.
［正］ The children wear very good clothes to go to school.
［誤］ I need a lot of clothing.
I'm going to make a new cloth.
［正］ I need a lot of cloth.
I'm going to make a new dress.
［析］ cloth是"布"、"布料"，沒(méi)有復數形式。一塊布料是a piece of cloth, 而clothes統指衣服，是復數名詞，"一套衣服"要講a suit of clothes， 如果是"一件件衣服"應講shirt, dress, sweater等。而clothing是衣物的總稱(chēng)，是不可數名詞。例如：This clothing is needed in warm countries.Her clothes are made of fine cloth.英語(yǔ)中的dress是指比較正式的服裝，如a school dress(校服)，a student dress(學(xué)生套裝)，a working dress(工作服)。
coffee
［誤］ Please give me two waters.
［正］ Please give me two coffees.
［正］ Please give me two cups of water.
［析］ 雖然coffee, water, tea等都是物質(zhì)名詞，但是只有coffee可用coffees取代若干杯coffee,而其他的卻不行，其前要加a cup of或a glass of.
colour(color)
［誤］ Colours of flowers are red, yellow and white.
［正］ Flowers are red, yellow and white.
［析］ 中文的"花的顏色有紅色、黃色和白色"，若譯為英文Colours of flowers are…，就顯得重復了。
［誤］ I like green colour.
［正］ I like green.
［正］ I like colour green.
［析］ colour green中的colour是green的同位語(yǔ)，所以這種說(shuō)話(huà)方式英語(yǔ)是可以接受的。
come
［誤］ I came across with an old friend in the street yesterday.
［正］ I came across an old friend in the street yesterday.
［析］ come across是"偶然碰見(jiàn)、遇見(jiàn)"，要直接加賓語(yǔ)，如：I've just come across a beautiful poem in this magazine.
［誤］ Where do you come from?
I come from the station.
［正］ Where did you come from?
I came from the station.
［正］ Where do you come from?
I come from China.
［析］ Where do you come from?意為"你是什么地方的人?"而Where did you come from?則是"你從何處來(lái)?"
［誤］ The stars are coming out from the cloud.
［正］ The stars are coming out of the cloud.
［析］ come out of意為"從……地方出來(lái)"。
come in come into enter
come in與come into的意義相同，但come into后面要加賓語(yǔ)，而come in后面不用賓語(yǔ)。如I found someone came into my room. The door opened and the child came in.
enter常作為及物動(dòng)詞使用，如：The bus entered the English tunnel.
congratulate
［誤］ I want to congratulate you for your success with all my heart.
［正］ I want to congratulate you on your success with all my heart.
［析］ 動(dòng)詞congratulate somebody on something是"向某人祝賀某事"。其名詞congratulation在用時(shí)一般要用復數，如：I offered him my congratulations on his success.
又如：Congratulations!
cook
［誤］ My father is a good cooker.
［正］ My father is a good cook.
［析］ 很多動(dòng)詞加上er則變?yōu)閳绦性搫?dòng)作的一種人，如workworker,teachteacher. 但cook即是動(dòng)詞"做飯"，同時(shí)名詞也是"廚師"。而cooker則是"廚具"、"炊具"之意。如：I will cook the dinner. I bought a good press cooker(高壓鍋)。
corner
［誤］ There is a post office in the corner of the street.
［正］ There is a post office at the corner of the street.
［誤］ A girl sat at the corner of the room.
［正］ A girl sat in the corner of the room.
［析］ in the corner是在建筑物內部的角上，而at the corner是在外部的角上，如：There is a big tree at the corner of the building.
cost
［誤］ I cost ten dollars for the book.
［正］ I spent ten dollars on the book.
［誤］ I cost two hours to do my homework.
［正］ It took me two hours to do my homework.
［析］ cost, spend. take都可以作"花費"講，但用法不同。cost的用法是"something+cost+somebody+時(shí)間或金錢(qián)"，如：The book cost me ten dollars. spend的用法是"somebody+spend+時(shí)間+(in)doing something"，如：I spent two hours (in) writing this book. 或"somebody+spend+金錢(qián)+on something"，如：I spend two dollars on this book. 而take的用法則要用邏輯主語(yǔ)it:"It+takes+somebody+時(shí)間+to do something", 如：It took me an hour to clean the classroom.
country
［誤］ You can find cows in a country.
［正］ You can find cows in the country.
［析］ country即可作"國家"講，也可作"農村"講。當作"農村"講時(shí)，一定要加定冠詞，而且只有單數形式。例如：
［誤］ Farmers live in the countries.
［正］ Farmers live in the country.
［析］ 但作為"國家"講時(shí)則可有單、復數形式，例如：Japan is an Asian country. Japan, China, and India are Asian countries.另外，country一般指的是地理概念上的國家，如：New Zealand is an agricultural country. 而nation多指民族組成的國家，如：The Chinese nation(中華民族)。state多側重于政權方面的區域、國家范圍，如：the state farm(國營(yíng)農場(chǎng))。
cross
［誤］ There are traffic lights at the cross.
［正］ There are traffic lights at the crossing.
［析］ cross作為名詞講時(shí)是十字架、十字形的東西，如：Red Cross(紅十字會(huì ))。
［誤］ The little boy is going to across the street.
［正］ The little boy is going to cross the street.
［析］ across是副詞或介詞，但不能作動(dòng)詞用。
cross pass
cross是指橫過(guò)某地，如：He crossed the square. 而pass則強調從某物體旁經(jīng)過(guò)，如：I mailed some letters when I passed the post office.
crowd
［誤］ The room soon was crowded by people.
［正］ The room soon was crowded with people.
［析］ crowded在這句話(huà)中應作為形容詞，所以這句話(huà)不是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)而是系表結構，如：The room was crowded with books.
cup
［誤］ A silver glass was given to the winner.
［正］ A silver cup was given to the winner.
［誤］ My mother was looking for the whisky cup.
［正］ My mother was looking for the whisky glass.
［析］ glass一般指由玻璃制成的器皿，而cup多指用陶瓷或金屬制成的杯子，且cup尤其用在獎杯上。喝酒多用的是玻璃制成的杯子，如我們講I drink a glass of wine at supper. 而不講I drink a cup of wine at supper.
dance
［誤］ We'll invite you and your wife to a dance party.
［正］ We'll invite you and your wife to a dancing party.
［正］ We'll invite you and your wife to a dance.
［正］ We'll invite you and your wife to a ball.(美語(yǔ)中常用ball作為舞會(huì )。)
date
［誤］ He studied ten hours a date.
［正］ He studied ten hours a day.
［析］ date是指具體日期。如問(wèn)What's the date today? 應回答具體日期："October 1st 1998."而day是指1日(24小時(shí))。如What day is today? 問(wèn)的是星期幾，應回答"It's Sunday."
［誤］ Today's date is January first. 1998.
［正］ Today's date is January 1， 1998.
［正］ Today's date is January 1st， 1998.
［析］ 在日期書(shū)寫(xiě)中不要用序數詞全寫(xiě)，而要用1st， 2nd， 3rd……如果一定要用序數詞，其順序應為：It is the first of January.
day
［誤］ This is a book about every day English.
［正］ This is a book about everyday English.
［正］ This is an everyday English book.
［誤］ We go to school everyday.
［正］ We go to school every day.
［析］ everyday是形容詞，意為"日常的"，而every day則是"每天"、"天天"之意。
dead
［誤］ My father has died for ten years.
［正］ My father has been dead for ten years.
［析］ die是瞬間動(dòng)詞，它可以用于完成時(shí)，如：My father has died. 但用于完成時(shí)不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。它也可以用于過(guò)去時(shí)，如：My father died three years ago
［誤］ We'll always remember the deads who were killed in the war.
［正］ We'll always remember the dead who were killed in the war.
［析］ 形容詞前如加定冠詞表示一類(lèi)人，如the rich(富人)，the sick(病人)，the poor(窮人)，其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復數，如：The rich are not always happy.
dead deadly
dead在某些詞組里是"完全"、"的確"的意思，如dead right, dead tired, dead sure。而deadly則是"致命的"，如：The rich man had many deadly enemies. 又如：Cancer is a deadly disease.
dead died
dead是形容詞，如：Mrs Ginty was dead. 而died是動(dòng)詞die的過(guò)去式及過(guò)去分詞，如：She died in 1960.但英語(yǔ)中如表達出對某人去世的傷感說(shuō)法是pass away, 如：My father passed away, this morning.
deer
［誤］ In the zoo, there are many deers.
［正］ In the zoo, there are many deer.
［析］ deer是單、復數同形的詞，如：one deer，two deer，這樣的名詞還有fish，sheep等。但如果講There are many fishes here. 這句話(huà)應譯為"這里有許多種魚(yú)類(lèi)。"而不應譯為"這里有很多魚(yú)。"
desk
［誤］ The boy sat in his desk.
［正］ The boy sat at his desk.
［析］ 在課桌旁坐著(zhù)應用介詞at, 而at desk 則應譯為"在學(xué)習"，at table應譯為"在吃飯"。
die
［誤］ In South Africa many people died from cancer.
［正］ In South Africa many people died of cancer.
［誤］ The old man died of overwork.
［正］ The old man died from overwork.
［析］ 死于疾病應用die of，而死于某種外因事故則多用from.
［誤］ His mother is died.
［正］ His mother is dead.
［誤］ The old woman was dead at the age of seventy.
［正］ The old woman died at the age of seventy.
［析］ dead是形容詞，而die是動(dòng)詞。形容詞表示狀態(tài)，動(dòng)詞則表示動(dòng)作。
［誤］ He died in a traffic accident.
［正］ He was killed in a traffic accident.
［析］ 由于事故而造成的死亡一般用to be killed.
［誤］ When the doctor came，the old man had already died.
［正］ When the doctor came，the old man was already dead.
［正］ The old man died before the doctor came.
different
［誤］ My room is different with yours.
［正］ My room is different from yours.
［誤］ The village is very different with what it was.
［正］ The village is very different from what it was.
［析］ different from是"與……不同"之意。
difficult
［誤］ English is very difficult to be learned.
［正］ English is very difficult to learn.
［誤］ He learned physics is difficult.
［正］ It is very difficult for him to learn physics.
［析］ 要學(xué)習英語(yǔ)的表達法而不要生硬地按字去譯中文。It is difficult for somebody to do something.為"對于某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事很困難。"
difficulty
［誤］ There was little difficulty to find him.
［正］ There was little difficulty in finding him.
［析］ 這種用法還有trouble, 即difficulty (trouble) in doing something.
dinner
［誤］ When did you have the supper?
［正］ When did you have supper?
［析］ 英語(yǔ)中一日三餐前無(wú)冠詞，例如：
［誤］ I had a lunch at 12 o'clock.
［正］ I had lunch at 12 o'clock.
［析］ 在某些特定場(chǎng)合，如指某次宴會(huì )，則要加冠詞，如：The dinner was given in honour of the guest.
dress
［誤］ My father bought a new dress for himself yesterday.
［正］ My father bought a new suit for himself yesterday.
［析］ 一般來(lái)講男套裝用suit，女服則用dress；作男服的服裝店是tailor shop (tailor's), 而做女裝的服裝店是dressmaker's.
［誤］ The mother dressed the clothes on her child.
［正］ The mother dressed her child.
［析］ dress作及物動(dòng)詞當"穿衣服"講時(shí)，其后不能接衣服而只能接人，如：The boy is still too young to dress himself. 但作為一種穿著(zhù)打扮的狀態(tài)時(shí)，則多用其過(guò)去分詞作形容詞，如：He is not dressed in his new suit.或She is dressed in red. 詞組dress up是過(guò)節日時(shí)應服裝整齊，如：They dressed up for the holiday.
dress have on put on wear
要區別這幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞需分清是表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞還是表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞是have on和wear，如：He has on a white coat. He was wearing heavy shoes. 而put on則表示穿衣的動(dòng)作，如：Put on your coat,it is cold outside.而dress即可以作狀態(tài)又可以作動(dòng)作，作動(dòng)作講時(shí)其后面接人而不能接衣服，作穿著(zhù)狀態(tài)時(shí)則多用dressed的形式。如：I saw a lady dressed in red. I saw a girl dressing herself.
drop
［誤］ The students fell their voice.
［正］ The students dropped their voice.
［析］ drop與fall都可以表示"落下、掉下"之意，有時(shí)可以互換，如：The dictionary fell (dropped) from the table. 但drop還可以作及物動(dòng)詞，而fall一般只能作不及物動(dòng)詞。
［誤］ I shall drop in you.
［正］ I shall drop in on you.
［析］ drop in是隨便拜訪(fǎng)某人，而其后要接人時(shí)應加介詞on再加人稱(chēng)。
during
［誤］ During I was sick，I couldn't eat well.
［正］ While I was sick，I couldn't eat well.
［析］ during后不能接從句，而when和while后可接從句。
［誤］ I have been studying English during three days.
［正］ I have been studying English for three days.
［析］ during不能表達一個(gè)動(dòng)作持續多長(cháng)的時(shí)間，而只能表達在某段時(shí)間內某事件的發(fā)生。即帶有由during引導的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的句子只能用過(guò)去時(shí)，不能用完成時(shí)。
each
［誤］ Every of them has his habit.
［正］ Each of them has his habit.
［析］ each可以作形容詞，但也可作代詞，而every只能作形容詞。
［誤］ The manager comes to America almost each month.
［正］ The manager comes to America almost every month.
［析］ each與every都作形容詞講時(shí)，都有"每個(gè)"之意，但有不同。each多指個(gè)體，而every則多指整體。如：We want every student to succeed. each不同來(lái)表達總體概念，所以不能與almost, nearly， likely等詞連用。
［誤］ We each has a book.
［正］ We each have a book.
［析］ each 作同位語(yǔ)時(shí)，其數應與其同位的名詞相同，而each作主語(yǔ)時(shí)則應取其單數形式。
each other one another
each other與one another這兩個(gè)詞組的區別在很多語(yǔ)法書(shū)中強調each other是兩者之間，而one another是多者之間，其實(shí)不然，如：All students must care for each other, must love and help each other. 事實(shí)上這兩個(gè)詞組是同義的，如果要講有什么區別的話(huà)，當我們非?；\統地談，而不特指什么人時(shí)，多用one another.
early
［誤］ Could you come here more early?
［正］ Could you come here earlier?
［析］ 單音節和少數雙音節副詞的比較級和最高級要用er和est來(lái)作其結尾，如fast, soon, early, hard, long, near等。
earth
［誤］ What on the earth do you mean?
［正］ What on earth do you mean?
［析］ on earth這一詞組在句中為的是加強語(yǔ)氣，其意為"究竟"、"到底"。而作為"地球"講時(shí)則要加定冠詞，如：How far is the earth from the moon. 而作為"泥土"講時(shí)則為不可數名詞，如：He filled the pot with earth and wanted to plant some flowers.
easy
［誤］ You can easy imagine my surprise.
［正］ You can easily imagine my surprise.
［析］ easy只在有限的詞組中被用作副詞，如take it easy (不要緊張)，go easy, stand easy等。 例如：Easy come, easy go. (錢(qián)來(lái)的容易花的也快. )Easier said than done. (說(shuō)的容易做著(zhù)難。)
east
［誤］ Japan is on the east of China.
［正］ Japan is to the east of China.
［析］ 在講述地理位置時(shí)，有3個(gè)介詞常用，它們是in, on和to, 其中in表示處于所表達的范圍之內，如：Shanghai is in the east of China. on則表示雙方接壤，如：North Korea is on the northeast of China. 而表示互不相接的兩部分時(shí)則用to, 如：Taiwan is to the east of Fujian.
either
［誤］ -I don't like opera.
-I don't like too.
［正］ -I don't like opera.
-I don't like either.
［析］ 在否定句中用either表示"也"，而在肯定句中用too表示"也"。
［誤］ Either you or I are right.
［正］ Either you or I am right.
［析］ 這在語(yǔ)法書(shū)中被稱(chēng)作就近原則，即哪個(gè)主語(yǔ)離謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞近，則應采用與哪個(gè)主語(yǔ)相一致的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，相同用法的還有neither…nor…，not only…but also…，以及or在連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)。如：You or he is to go home. The others will have to stay in the classroom.
elder
［誤］ My older brother has gone to Shanghai.
［正］ My elder brother has gone to Shanghai.
［析］ 在表示兄姐的長(cháng)幼時(shí)應用elder表示"哥哥姐姐"，如：my elder sister 姐姐，但表示歲數時(shí)則多用older，如：She is two years older than I.
empty
［誤］ Are these seats empty?
［正］ Are these seats taken?
［析］ empty是指空洞的沒(méi)有任何物體，如：The house was empty, 其意思是沒(méi)有任何家具或屋內無(wú)人。但座位是否有人坐應用take.
English
［誤］ My sister studied English language very well.
［正］ My sister studied the English language very well.
［正］ My sister studied English very well.
［析］ 在泛指某一種學(xué)科時(shí)，不應加冠詞，如：I like history.但如特指某一門(mén)學(xué)科時(shí)則應加冠詞，如：He likes the history of America.
enjoy
［誤］ I enjoy to play football.
［正］ I enjoy playing football.
［析］ enjoy后要接動(dòng)名詞，而不接不定式。
［誤］ Did you enjoy at the English evening?
［正］ Did you enjoy yourself at the English evening?
enough
［誤］ I'm sorry. You are not studying enough carefully.
［正］ I'm sorry. You are not studying carefully enough.
［析］ enough要用在形容詞或副詞之后。
［誤］ Do you have enough of money?
［正］ Do you have enough money?
［正］ Do you have enough of the money?
［誤］ The coffee isn't enough.
［正］ There isn't enough coffee.
［析］ enough可以作be動(dòng)詞的表語(yǔ)，但其主語(yǔ)應是代詞，如：That's enough. It was enough. 如果是名詞時(shí)應換用上面的句型。
entrance
［誤］ The entrance of the cinema is on your right.
［正］ The entrance to the cinema is on your right.
［析］ 在表示通往某處時(shí)entrance后面多用to作介詞。這樣的用法還有key to the door, answer to the question等。
evening
［誤］ I walked home in a cold evening.
［正］ I walked home on a cold evening.
［析］ in the evening這一詞組如加上另外的修飾詞則其介詞應換為on.
everyone
［誤］ Everyone of you goes to class.
［正］ Every one of you goes to class.
［析］ everyone其后不能接of結構。在否定句中如果要講"每一個(gè)人都沒(méi)有注意到它"，就譯作：Nobody noticed it. 要注意Every one of us is not right. 應譯為"我們不都對。"而None of us are right. 才應譯為"我們全錯了。"
exam
［誤］ We take part in an exam.
［正］ We take an exam.
［析］ take part in為"參加"某種活動(dòng)，運動(dòng)，而在學(xué)科中選擇某一學(xué)科學(xué)習并進(jìn)行考試應用take.
except
［誤］ The room is clean except two desks.
［正］ The room is clean except for two desks.
［誤］ I come here every day except for Sunday.
［正］ I come here every day except Sunday.
［析］ 在同一類(lèi)物體中排除某一部分用except, 在不同類(lèi)物體中排除某一物體時(shí)用except for。而except that其后接從句，如：She is a good girl except that she is careless sometimes. 而besides則是"包括在內"，如"我學(xué)習英語(yǔ)同時(shí)還學(xué)法語(yǔ)。"應譯為：I study English besides French.
exercise
［誤］ The students exercise spoken English in the morning.
［正］ The students practise spoken English in the morning.
［析］ exercise多指運動(dòng)、訓練，而practise則多指把理論付諸于實(shí)踐的練習。
［誤］ Everyone should do exercises every day.
［正］ Everyone should do exercise every day.
［析］ 作為運動(dòng)講exercise是不可數名詞，而當"練習"、"體操"、"早操"則是可數名詞，例如：I do a lot exercises in the P.E. class.
fail
［誤］ Tom failed his exam.
［正］ Tom failed in his exam.
［正］ Tom failed to pass the exam.
［析］ fail為不及物動(dòng)詞，其后可用in加名詞，或直接接不定式。
family
［誤］ I'm sorry I have to go. Tom's families are waiting for me.
［誤］ I'm sorry I have to go. Tom's family is waiting for me.
［正］ I'm sorry I have to go. Tom's family are waiting for me.
［析］ family是集合名詞，把它當作整體看它是單數，如看作家庭中的每個(gè)成員則為復數。如：Your family are very kind to me. My family is very large.
far
［誤］ My school is ten miles far from here.
［正］ My school is ten miles away from here.
［析］ far一般不與實(shí)際距離連用。
［誤］ "Did you walk far?"
"Yes，I walked far."
［正］ "Did you walk far?"
"Yes, I walked a long way."
［析］ 一般肯定句中不用far單獨作狀語(yǔ)，而用a long way.far組成的常用詞組有：as far as. ①遠至，一直到。如：He walked as far as the station. ②就……而言。如：As far as he was concerned these books were very good. ③只要。如：I can help you as far as I can. so for到目前為止。例：He is very well so far.
farther further
far有兩個(gè)比較級，即farther和further，其意思略有不同：farther主要用于表示距離的遠近，如：Milan is farther away than Rome. 而further則是指"進(jìn)一步的"，如：Will we need any further discussion on this matter.
fast
［誤］ A fast train runs fastly.
［正］ A fast train runs fast.
［析］ fast其形容詞與副詞形式相同。
fast soon
fast指行動(dòng)本身的速度快，如：The foreigner speaks too fast. 而soon則多指兩個(gè)動(dòng)作之間間隔短，時(shí)間到來(lái)的迅速，如：She will come soon.
feel
［誤］ I feel badly about my mistakes.
［正］ I feel bad about my mistakes.
［析］ 感觀(guān)動(dòng)詞如feel, smell等后面要接形容詞而不是副詞。feel good是指某人精神好，而feel well是指人身體狀況良好。
［誤］ I try not to hurt her feeling.
［正］ I try not to hurt her feelings.
［析］ feeling在作"感情"講時(shí)要用復數，而作"感覺(jué)"講則要用單數。如：I have a feeling that we will win the game.
few
［誤］ Few of them is very good.
［正］ Few of them are very good.
［析］ few意為"幾乎沒(méi)有"，但要用復數謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。如果講有一些人應用a few, 如：There were only a few people in the street.
［誤］ There are less farms than there used to be.
［正］ There are fewer farms than there used to be.
［析］ few的比較級為fewer，其后接可數名詞；而little的 比較級為less，其后接不可數名詞。
field
［誤］ He is a famous scientist on the field of physics.
［正］ He is a famous scientist in the field of physics.
［析］ in the field是"在田野上"或是"在某一學(xué)科領(lǐng)域內"，而on the field則多指"在戰場(chǎng)上"。如：He lost his life on the battle field.
fill
［誤］ She filled orange into my glass.
［正］ She filled my glass with orange.
［析］ 表示要用某種物品裝滿(mǎn)某容器時(shí)要用fill with詞組，如：The boy ran back home filled with joy.
fill full
fill是動(dòng)詞，但有及物與不及物兩種用法，當表示"充滿(mǎn)"之意時(shí)是不及物動(dòng)詞，應用fill with，如：The little girl's eyes filled with tears. 而當表示"使……裝滿(mǎn)某物"時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞，如：He filled his pocket with books. 而be filled with應看作系表結構，如：The boy's mother was filled with anger. full是形容詞，要用be full of這一詞組，如：The boy was full of joy.
find
［誤］ He has finded his lost bike.
［正］ He has found his lost bike.
［析］ find是不規則動(dòng)詞，其過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞均是found。但found一詞又意為"建立"，它是規則動(dòng)詞，其過(guò)去式及過(guò)去分詞均為founded.
［誤］ It is very difficult to look for a suitable job.
［正］ It is very difficult to find a suitable job.
［析］ look for為"尋找"，而find是找到。尋找工作并不難，難的應是找到合適的工作。
find find out
find out意為"找出、算出、發(fā)現"，如：I have found out how to do it. 而find的主要側重點(diǎn)在找到某物，如：I find my book under the desk.
finish
［誤］ I finished to read that book last night.
［正］ I finished reading that book last night.
［析］ 英文中有些動(dòng)詞其后只能用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)而不能用不定式作賓語(yǔ)，這樣的動(dòng)詞在中考范圍內有兩個(gè)，即finish和enjoy。
fire
［誤］ There's no smoke without a fire.
［正］ There's no smoke without fire.
［析］ 此句應譯為中文"無(wú)風(fēng)不起浪"。fire作為物質(zhì)名詞"火"講時(shí)為不可數名詞，而作為"爐火"、"火災"講則是可數名詞，如：There was a fire in the next street last month. 如要講"著(zhù)火了"要用be on fire, 如：The factory was
on fire.
［誤］ The man fired to us.
［正］ The man fired at us.
［析］ fire (on) at均指"向某目標開(kāi)火"，at用于較小目標，而on用于較大目標。
first
［誤］ Is this your firstly visit to Beijing?
［正］ Is this your first visit to Beijing?
［析］ 除了在強調第一、第二、第三等場(chǎng)合中有時(shí)還可見(jiàn)firstly一詞外，這個(gè)詞已不多見(jiàn)，而均被first取代。first還有"首先"、"首次"、"第一次"之意。
follow
［誤］ I received a letter which ran as follow.
［正］ I received a letter which ran as follows.
［析］ as follows是慣用法，其意為"如下"，不論在任何場(chǎng)合均要用follows.
［誤］ As follows are his arguments.
［正］ The following are his arguments.
［析］ as follows主要用于句尾，而the following則用于句首。
food
［誤］ Too much sweet food, such as cakes, chocolates,pastry…may increase your weight.
［正］ Too many foods, such as cakes, chocolates,pastry…may increase your weight.
［析］ food泛指食物時(shí)為不可數名詞，如：There is no food for supper. 而指一種種食物時(shí)則用作可數名詞。
foot
［誤］ There is a fivefeetwide bridge.
［正］ There is a fivefootwide bridge.
［析］ 用連字符組成的形容詞中所有名詞均要用單數形式。
［誤］ We went to college on feet.
［正］ We went to college on foot.
［析］ by后面加接交通工具時(shí)，不應加任何冠詞，不要用名詞的復數形式。如加了某些修飾詞后，其前面的介詞要作適當的改變，如：I came to school in his car yesterday. I go to shool on a train.
for
［誤］ I wanted to go to the pub for having a drink.
［正］ I wanted to go to the pub for a drink.
［正］ I wanted to go to the pub to have a drink.
［析］ 用for表示目的時(shí)，其后面只能接名詞，而不要接動(dòng)名詞。
［誤］ I went to the office for seeing the headmaster.
［正］ I went to the office to see the headmaster.
［析］ 用不定式來(lái)表示動(dòng)作的目的。
［誤］ I will leave Beijing to Shanghai.
［正］ I will leave Beijing for Shanghai.
［正］ I will leave for Shanghai.
［析］ leave for為一固定搭配，不要改動(dòng)。
［誤］ I bought a book to you.
［正］ I bought a book for you.
［誤］ He is a friend for us.
［正］ He is a friend to us.
［析］ 在英文中"為"一詞在泛指時(shí)用to, 在特指時(shí)要用for.
［誤］ This food is good to us.
［正］ This food is good for us.
［析］ 詞組be good (bad) for 表示"對……有好(壞)處"。
［誤］ For I was feeling quite hungry, I wanted to have lunch.
［正］ I wanted to have lunch, for I was feeling quite hungry.
［析］ for作為"因為"講時(shí)一般不要置于句首，而且口氣也比because弱的多。
forget
［誤］ I left my key.
［正］ I left my key at home.
［正］ I forgot my key.
［析］ leave是"丟下"之意，所以一定要接地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，而forget是"忘記"，所以不用接地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。
［誤］ I will not forget the rules.
［正］ I will never forget the rules.
［誤］ Please don't forget posting my letter on your way home.
［正］ Please don't forget to post my letter on your way home.
［析］ 要注意forget to do something為"忘了去作某事"，而forget doing something則應譯為"對已經(jīng)作過(guò)的事記不起來(lái)了"。如：He forget returning the book to the library. 應譯為"他忘記已把書(shū)還給圖書(shū)館這件事了。"同樣用法的詞還有remember和regret.
free
［誤］ You can speak free in front of my parents.
［正］ You can speak freely in front of my parents.
［析］ free作為副詞時(shí)意為"免費"、"不必付款"，如：You can eat free in my restaurant. 而freely則意為"自由地"、"無(wú)限制地"。
French
［誤］ She comes from French.
［正］ She comes from France.
［析］ French是"法語(yǔ)"、"法國的"，而France才是"法國"。
friend
［誤］ He nodded to me friendly.
［正］ He nodded to me in a friendly fashion.
［析］ friendly是形容詞，不是副詞。在英語(yǔ)中應避免講He is a friend of my mother. 又比如：I go to school with my friend. 從語(yǔ)法上講是對的但不是習慣上英語(yǔ)的說(shuō)法。而應講He is a friend of my mother's. I go to school with a friend. be friends with 則是"交朋友"之意，例如：I hope you will be friends with me. 而不應講I hope you will be my friend. 交朋友還有一慣用法是make friends.
from
［誤］ Where do you come from?I come from the library.
［正］ Where do you come from?I come from England.
［正］ Where did you come from?I came from the library.
［析］ Where do you come from?應意為"你是從什么國家(地方)來(lái)的?"(即意為"你是哪的人?")而Where did you come from? 才是"你剛剛從哪來(lái)?"
front
［誤］ There are three tall trees in the front of my house.
［正］ There are three tall trees in front of my house.
［析］ in front of是某物體外部的前面，而in the front of是在某物體內部的前面。如：The bus driver is seated in the front of the bus.
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