1.sound, voice, noise
sound自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.
2. exercise, exercises, practice
exercise運動(dòng)，鍛煉(不可數)，exercises練習(可數)，practice(反復做的)練習
take exercise 做運動(dòng)
3. work, job
二者均指工作。work不可數，job可數 a good job，What interesting work it is!
4. cook, cooker
cook廚師，cooker廚具 He is a good cook.
5. police, policeman
police警察的總稱(chēng)，后接復數謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，policeman 指某個(gè)具體的警察 The police are questioning everyone in the house.
6. problem, question
problem常和困難聯(lián)系，前面的動(dòng)詞常為think about, solve, raise，question常和疑問(wèn)聯(lián)系，多和ask, answer連用
7. price, prize
price價(jià)格，prize獎，獎品，獎金 win the first prize The price is high/low.
8. a number of, the number of
a number of許多，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復數。the number of…的數目，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數。The number of students is increasing.
9. in front of, in the front of
in front of范圍外的前面，in the front of范圍內的前面 A boy sits in the front of the room.
10. next year, the next year
next year將來(lái)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，the next year過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
He said he would go abroad the next year.
11. in bed, on the bed
in bed臥在床上，on the bed在床上 The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed.
12. the people, a people
the people指人，a people指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people.
13. it, one
it同一物體，one同類(lèi)不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.
14. that, this
that指代上文所提到的，this導出下文所要說(shuō)的 I was ill. That's why…
15. none, nothing, no one
none強調有多少，nothing, no one強調有沒(méi)有，nothing指物，no one指人
--- How many…/How much…? --- None.
16. anyone, any one
anyone指人，不能接of，any one指人/物均可，可接of, any one of you
17. who, what
who指姓名或關(guān)系，what指職業(yè)或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher.
18. what, which
what的選擇基礎是無(wú)限制的，which在一定范圍內進(jìn)行選擇
Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?
19. other, another
other后接名詞復數，another后接名詞單數 other students, another student
20. many, much, a lot of
many和可數名詞連用，much和不可數名詞連用，a lot of可數，不可數均可，但不用于否定句 I haven't many books.
21. much more…than, many more…than
much more…than后接形容詞或不可數名詞，many more…than后接可數名詞 many more people, much more water, much more beautiful
22. no, not
no=not a/any, no friend=not a/any friend, no water=not any water
23. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself
by oneself單獨的，獨自的，for oneself為自己，to oneself供自己用的
24. at all, after all
at all根本，全然, after all到底，畢竟 After all he is a child.
25. tall, high
tall常指人或動(dòng)物，high常指物體 He is tall.
26. fast, quickly
fast側重于指人或物體具有運動(dòng)速度快的特點(diǎn)，quickly側重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly
27. high, highly
high具體的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of(高度贊揚)
28. sleeping, asleep, sleepy
sleeping正在睡覺(jué)，asleep睡著(zhù)，熟睡，只能做表語(yǔ)，sleepy困的，有睡意的
a sleeping baby， The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy.
29. real, true
real真的，真實(shí)的，指的是事實(shí)上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事實(shí)和實(shí)際情況相符合 real gold, a true story
30. pleasant, pleased, pleasing
pleasant常用作定語(yǔ)，pleased常用作表語(yǔ)，pleased主語(yǔ)常為人，a pleasant trip，be pleased with…對…感到滿(mǎn)意/開(kāi)心
31. ill, sick
ill做表語(yǔ)，sick定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)均可 a sick boy, He is sick/ill.
32. good, well
good形容詞，well副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞 He is well again.
33. hard, hardly
hard努力，hardly幾乎不 work hard, I can hardly believe it.
34. excited, exciting
excited使人興奮的，exciting令人興奮的 I'm excited. The news is exciting.
35. before long, long before
before long不久以后，long before很久以前
36. happy, glad
happy高興，幸福，定表均可，glad高興，只能做表語(yǔ) a happy girl, I’m happy/ glad to see you.
37. instead, instead of
instead是副詞，放在句首或句末，instead of是介詞短語(yǔ)，放在句中
He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.
38. too much, much too
too much 后接不可數名詞，much too后接形容詞 much too heavy
39. raise, rise
raise及物動(dòng)詞，rise不及物動(dòng)詞 The sun rises in the east. Raise your hand, please.
40. bring, take, carry, fetch
bring拿來(lái)，take帶走，carry隨身攜帶，fetch去回這一往返動(dòng)作 fetch a box of chalk
41. spend, take, pay, cost
spend人做主語(yǔ)，花錢(qián)，花時(shí)間; spend…on sth./(in) doing sth; take物做主語(yǔ)，花時(shí)間; It takes sb some time to do sth.; pay人做主語(yǔ)，花錢(qián)，pay for; cost物做主語(yǔ)，花錢(qián);sth cost some money
42. join, join in, take part in
join加入某個(gè)組織，并成為其中的一員;join in參加小型的活動(dòng), join sb. in;
take part in 參加大型的活動(dòng) He joined the army five years ago.
43. learn, study
learn學(xué)習，側重學(xué)習的結果，study學(xué)習，側重學(xué)習的過(guò)程，研究
study the problem
44. want, hope, wish
want打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do, hope希望(通?？梢詫?shí)現)，hope to do/ hope that… wish希望(通常不能實(shí)現)wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success.
45. answer, reply
answer及物動(dòng)詞，reply不及物動(dòng)詞，后接 to, reply to the letter
46. leave, leave for
leave離開(kāi)，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.
47. drop, fall
drop及物\不及物均可，fall不及物動(dòng)詞 Prices fell/dropped. He dropped his voice.
48. win, lose, beat
win后接sth.，反義詞為lose, beat后接sb. win the game, beat them
49. live on, live by
live on以…為主食，live by靠…謀生 live on fish/ live by fishing
50. catch a cold, have a cold
catch a cold不能和表示"一段時(shí)間"的狀語(yǔ)連用，而have a cold可以
She has had a cold for a week.
51. change for, change into
change for調換成，change into變成 Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice.
52. go for a doctor, go to a doctor
go for a doctor去請醫生，go to a doctor去看病
53. arrive, get, reach
arrive不及物動(dòng)詞，后接in (大地點(diǎn))，at(小地點(diǎn))，get不及物動(dòng)詞后接to，reach及物動(dòng)詞
arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing
54. agree with, agree to,
agree with同意某人，agree to同意某事， agree with you, agree to the plan, agree to do sth
55. receive, accept
receive收到某一東西，但不一定接受，accept接受 I received a gift, but I didn't accept it.
56. wear, put on, dress
wear和dress表狀態(tài),wear接衣服等,可用進(jìn)行時(shí)，dress接人,be dressed in, put on表動(dòng)作
It's cold outside. Put on your warm clothes.
57. listen, hear
listen強調動(dòng)作，hear強調結果 I listened, but I heard nothing.
58. look, see, watch
look看的動(dòng)作，see看的結果，watch強調所看物體的變化、移動(dòng)和發(fā)展watch TV
59. lie, lay
lie躺，位于(lay, lain),說(shuō)謊(lied, lied)，lay平放(laid, laid) lay the book
60. turn, get, grow
turn表突變，后常接表顏色的詞，get強調變的結果，grow強調過(guò)程，逐漸的變化
turn yellow, get tired, grow big
61. close, shut, turn off
close和shut當關(guān)解時(shí)可以通用，用于可開(kāi)合的物體，turn off用于指有開(kāi)關(guān)的物體
Close/Shut the door. Turn off the TV.
62. at, in (表地點(diǎn))
at小地點(diǎn)，in大地點(diǎn) arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghai
63. day after day, day by day
day after day日復一日(無(wú)變化);day by day一天天地(有變化)Trees grow taller day by day.
64. after, in (表時(shí)間)
after接時(shí)間點(diǎn)，in接時(shí)間段,用于將來(lái)時(shí) after 7:00, in five minutes
65. between, among
between兩者之間，三者或三者以上兩兩之間, among三者或三者以上之間
Switzerland lies between France, Germany, Australia and Italy.
66. through, across
through穿越空間，across在…上穿過(guò) through the forest, across the desert
67. above, on, over
above在上面，不接觸，on在上面，接觸，over在正上方 fly over the hill
68. until, not…until
until到…為止， not…until直到…才(常跟點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞連用)I waited until 3:00.
He didn't come until 3:00.
69. besides, except
besides除了…還(包括在內)except除了(不包括在內)，
70. because, because of
because連詞，連接兩句話(huà)，because of后接詞或短語(yǔ)
He didn't go to school because of his illness.
71. for example, such as
for example一般只列舉一個(gè)，such as列舉多個(gè)例子
I have been to a lot of American cities, such as New York, Atlanta and Chicago.
72. All right. That's all right. That's right.
All right好吧;That's all right.沒(méi)關(guān)系;That's right. 那是對的 ---Sorry. --- That's all right.
73. such…that, so…that
當如此…以至于解時(shí)，such…that修飾名詞，so…that修飾形容詞或副詞，
但名詞前面如果有many, much, little, few修飾用so…that，不用such that
so many people that… such a lovely boy=so lovely a boy
74. Shall I…? Will you…?
Shall I…? 征求對方意見(jiàn)或向對方請示，意為我能…嗎?
Will you…?請求或建議對方做某事，意為你愿意…嗎?
Will you help me? Yes, I will.
