ocker-machine就是docker公司官方提出的，用于在各種平臺上快速創(chuàng )建具有docker服務(wù)的虛擬機的技術(shù)，甚至可以通過(guò)指定driver來(lái)定制虛擬機的實(shí)現原理（一般是virtualbox）。
Docker 是一個(gè) Client-Server 架構的應用，Docker是大家對Docker Engine簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)。
1、Docker daemon
2、一套與 Docker daemon 交互的 REST API
3、一個(gè)命令行客戶(hù)端
下圖很清晰的展示了它們之間的關(guān)系：
Docker Machine 是安裝和管理 Docker 的工具。它有命令行工具：docker-machine。
[root@master ~]# curl -L https://github.com/docker/machine/releases/download/v0.14.0/docker-machine-`uname -s`-`uname -m` >/tmp/docker-machine
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 617 0 617 0 0 390 0 --:--:-- 0:00:01 --:--:-- 390
100 26.7M 100 26.7M 0 0 1618k 0 0:00:16 0:00:16 --:--:-- 3622k
[root@master ~]# chmod +x /tmp/docker-machine
[root@master ~]# cp /tmp/docker-machine /usr/local/bin/docker-machine
[root@master ~]# ll /usr/local/bin/docker-machine
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 28034848 6月 12 15:24 /usr/local/bin/docker-machine
[root@master ~]# docker-machine -v
docker-machine version 0.14.0, build 89b8332
[root@master ~]# docker-machine --help
Usage: docker-machine [OPTIONS] COMMAND [arg...]
Create and manage machines running Docker.
Version: 0.14.0, build 89b8332
Author:
Docker Machine Contributors -
Options:
--debug, -D Enable debug mode
--storage-path, -s '/root/.docker/machine' Configures storage path [$MACHINE_STORAGE_PATH]
--tls-ca-cert CA to verify remotes against [$MACHINE_TLS_CA_CERT]
--tls-ca-key Private key to generate certificates [$MACHINE_TLS_CA_KEY]
--tls-client-cert Client cert to use for TLS [$MACHINE_TLS_CLIENT_CERT]
--tls-client-key Private key used in client TLS auth [$MACHINE_TLS_CLIENT_KEY]
--github-api-token Token to use for requests to the Github API [$MACHINE_GITHUB_API_TOKEN]
--native-ssh Use the native (Go-based) SSH implementation. [$MACHINE_NATIVE_SSH]
--bugsnag-api-token BugSnag API token for crash reporting [$MACHINE_BUGSNAG_API_TOKEN]
--help, -h show help
--version, -v print the version
Commands:
active Print which machine is active
config Print the connection config for machine
create Create a machine
env Display the commands to set up the environment for the Docker client
inspect Inspect information about a machine
ip Get the IP address of a machine
kill Kill a machine
ls List machines
provision Re-provision existing machines
regenerate-certs Regenerate TLS Certificates for a machine
restart Restart a machine
rm Remove a machine
ssh Log into or run a command on a machine with SSH.
scp Copy files between machines
mount Mount or unmount a directory from a machine with SSHFS.
start Start a machine
status Get the status of a machine
stop Stop a machine
upgrade Upgrade a machine to the latest version of Docker
url Get the URL of a machine
version Show the Docker Machine version or a machine docker version
help Shows a list of commands or help for one command
docker-machine active
#顯示當前的活動(dòng)主機
docker-machine config
#顯示連接主機的配置
docker-machine create
#創(chuàng )建一個(gè)主機
docker-machine env
#設置當前的環(huán)境與哪個(gè)主機通信
docker-machine inspect
#查看主機的詳細信息
docker-machine ip
#查看主機的IP
docker-machine kill
#強制關(guān)閉一個(gè)主機
docker-machine ls
#查看所有的主機信息
docker-machine provision
#重新配置現在主機
docker-machine regenerate-certs
#為主機重新生成證書(shū)
docker-machine restart
#重啟主機
docker-machine rm
#刪除主機
docker-machine ssh
#以SSH的方式連接到主機上
docker-machine scp
#遠程復制
docker-machine status
#查看主機的狀態(tài)
docker-machine stop
#停止一個(gè)正在運行的主機
docker-machine upgrade
#升級主機的docker服務(wù)到最新版本
docker-machine version
#查看docker-machine版本
[root@master ~]# docker-machine create -d virtualbox testhost
[root@master ~]# docker-machine create --driver virtualbox testhost
#兩個(gè)命令的作用相同，創(chuàng )建一個(gè)名為testhost的主機，驅動(dòng)方式是virtualbox
[root@master ~]# docker-machine create -d virtualbox testhost
Creating CA: /root/.docker/machine/certs/ca.pem
Creating client certificate: /root/.docker/machine/certs/cert.pem
Running pre-create checks...
Error with pre-create check: 'VBoxManage not found. Make sure VirtualBox is installed and VBoxManage is in the path'
#報錯提示沒(méi)有發(fā)現VBoxManage。因此，需要手工安裝，具體安裝操作如下。
1、配置Yum源
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/virtualbox.repo
[virtualbox]
name=Oracle Linux / RHEL / CentOS-$releasever / $basearch - VirtualBox
baseurl=http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/rpm/el/$releasever/$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc
2、查看可安裝的版本
[root@master ~]# yum search VirtualBox #查找具體安裝版本
已加載插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* epel: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
* extras: centos.ustc.edu.cn
* updates: centos.ustc.edu.cn
============== N/S matched: VirtualBox ===================================
VirtualBox-4.3.x86_64 : Oracle VM VirtualBox
VirtualBox-5.0.x86_64 : Oracle VM VirtualBox
VirtualBox-5.1.x86_64 : Oracle VM VirtualBox
VirtualBox-5.2.x86_64 : Oracle VM VirtualBox
[root@master ~]# yum install -y VirtualBox-5.2 #安裝
3、加載virtualbox
[root@master ~]# /sbin/vboxconfig #重新加載virtualbox服務(wù)
vboxdrv.sh: Stopping VirtualBox services.
vboxdrv.sh: Building VirtualBox kernel modules.
This system is currently not set up to build kernel modules.
Please install the Linux kernel 'header' files matching the current kernel
for adding new hardware support to the system.
The distribution packages containing the headers are probably:
kernel-devel kernel-devel-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
This system is currently not set up to build kernel modules.
Please install the Linux kernel 'header' files matching the current kernel
for adding new hardware support to the system.
The distribution packages containing the headers are probably:
kernel-devel kernel-devel-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
There were problems setting up VirtualBox. To re-start the set-up process, run
/sbin/vboxconfig
as root.
#如果內核版本不一致，會(huì )出現上面的報錯，需要安裝相同的內核版本
4、安裝對應的內核版本
[root@master ~]# rpm -ivh kernel-devel-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64.rpm
準備中... ################################# [100%]
正在升級/安裝...
1:kernel-devel-3.10.0-693.el7 ################################# [100%]
[root@slave1 ~]# yum install gcc make perl -y
[root@slave1 ~]# rpm -qa kernel\*
kernel-tools-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
kernel-devel-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
kernel-tools-libs-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
kernel-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
kernel-headers-3.10.0-862.3.2.el7.x86_64
[root@slave1 ~]# /sbin/vboxconfig
vboxdrv.sh: Stopping VirtualBox services.
vboxdrv.sh: Building VirtualBox kernel modules.
vboxdrv.sh: Starting VirtualBox services.
[root@centos7 ~]# docker-machine create --driver virtualbox testhost
Running pre-create checks...
Error with pre-create check: 'This computer doesn't have VT-X/AMD-v enabled. Enabling it in the BIOS is mandatory'
#這個(gè)報錯不用解釋了吧，沒(méi)有開(kāi)啟虛擬化功能，直接打開(kāi)
[root@centos7 ~]# docker-machine create --driver virtualbox default
Running pre-create checks...
(default) No default Boot2Docker ISO found locally, downloading the latest release...
(default) Latest release for github.com/boot2docker/boot2docker is v18.05.0-ce
(default) Downloading /root/.docker/machine/cache/boot2docker.iso from https://github.com/boot2docker/boot2docker/releases/download/v18.05.0-ce/boot2docker.iso...
(default) 0%....10%....20%....30%....40%....50%....60%....70%....80%....90%....100%
Creating machine...
(default) Copying /root/.docker/machine/cache/boot2docker.iso to /root/.docker/machine/machines/default/boot2docker.iso...
(default) Creating VirtualBox VM...
(default) Creating SSH key...
(default) Starting the VM...
(default) Check network to re-create if needed...
(default) Found a new host-only adapter: 'vboxnet0'
(default) Waiting for an IP...
Waiting for machine to be running, this may take a few minutes...
Detecting operating system of created instance...
Waiting for SSH to be available...
Detecting the provisioner...
Provisioning with boot2docker...
Copying certs to the local machine directory...
Copying certs to the remote machine...
Setting Docker configuration on the remote daemon...
Checking connection to Docker...
Docker is up and running!
To see how to connect your Docker Client to the Docker Engine running on this virtual machine, run: docker-machine env default
#可以先安裝個(gè)默認的虛擬機
[root@centos7 ~]# docker-machine ls
NAME ACTIVE DRIVER STATE URL SWARM DOCKER ERRORS
default - virtualbox Running tcp://192.168.99.100:2376 v18.05.0-ce
[root@centos7 ~]# docker-machine status
Running
[root@centos7 ~]# docker-machine env default
export DOCKER_TLS_VERIFY='1'
export DOCKER_HOST='tcp://192.168.99.100:2376'
export DOCKER_CERT_PATH='/root/.docker/machine/machines/default'
export DOCKER_MACHINE_NAME='default'
# Run this command to configure your shell:
# eval $(docker-machine env default)
[root@centos7 ~]# eval $(docker-machine env default)
#連接虛擬主機
[root@centos7 ~]# docker-machine ssh default
## .
## ## ## ==
## ## ## ## ## ===
/'''''''''''''''''\___/ ===
~~~ {~~ ~~~~ ~~~ ~~~~ ~~~ ~ / ===- ~~~
\______ o __/
\ \ __/
\____\_______/
_ _ ____ _ _
| |__ ___ ___ | |_|___ \ __| | ___ ___| | _____ _ __
| '_ \ / _ \ / _ \| __| __) / _` |/ _ \ / __| |/ / _ \ '__|
| |_) | (_) | (_) | |_ / __/ (_| | (_) | (__| < __>
|_.__/ \___/ \___/ \__|_____\__,_|\___/ \___|_|\_\___|_|
Boot2Docker version 18.05.0-ce, build HEAD : b5d6989 - Thu May 10 16:35:28 UTC 2018
Docker version 18.05.0-ce, build f150324
docker@default:~$ docker --version
Docker version 18.05.0-ce, build f150324
#正常進(jìn)入虛擬機
兩臺服務(wù)器
本地主機：192.168.22.177
遠程主機：192.168.22.175
可能大家還是不太明白，這個(gè)docker-machine到底有什么用？docker容器的好處都知道了。而docker-machine可以在本地布署相應環(huán)境的同時(shí)完成遠程docker主機相同環(huán)境的布署，減少重復的操作。
[root@test001 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:7Ue0bc08pEs+PonJqy7/hyxUhNO4uEegVizX4EJC8J8 root@centos7.3
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
| .oo ...o + |
| . o..= = o |
| . .=.o + . . |
| .oo. + o oo+ |
| .E S o ooo.+|
| . + .o.. .|
| o + =+. |
| . . B.+. |
| +++oo.. |
+----[SHA256]-----+
[root@centos7 ~]# ssh-copy-id 192.168.22.175
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: '/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub'
The authenticity of host '192.168.22.175 (192.168.22.175)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:p6+FPeTxTUx37cwJWJP8cUE9NhcUHSvAppVPyj4aj8c.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:89:6d:f7:46:11:45:2e:fd:21:87:42:bd:62:06:fe:fd.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@192.168.22.175's password:
Number of key(s) added: 1
Now try logging into the machine, with: 'ssh '192.168.22.175''
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
[root@test001 ~]# ssh 192.168.22.175
Last login: Tue Apr 24 06:51:06 2018 from 192.168.22.170
[root@test002 ~]# ip add |grep 192.168.22
inet 192.168.22.175/24 brd 192.168.22.255 scope global ens32
遠程主機需要安裝有docker環(huán)境
[root@test001 ~]# docker-machine create -d generic --generic-ip-address=192.168.22.175 --generic-ssh-user=root --engine-registry-mirror http://ef017c13.m.daocloud.io dockerhost
Running pre-create checks...
Creating machine...
(dockerhost) No SSH key specified. Assuming an existing key at the default location.
Waiting for machine to be running, this may take a few minutes...
Detecting operating system of created instance...
Waiting for SSH to be available...
Detecting the provisioner...
Provisioning with centos...
Copying certs to the local machine directory...
Copying certs to the remote machine...
Setting Docker configuration on the remote daemon...
Checking connection to Docker...
Docker is up and running!
To see how to connect your Docker Client to the Docker Engine running on this virtual machine, run: docker-machine env dockerhost
[root@test001 ~]# docker-machine ls
NAME ACTIVE DRIVER STATE URL SWARM DOCKER ERRORS
dockerhost - generic Running tcp://192.168.22.175:2376 v1.13.1
[root@centos7 ~]# docker-machine env dockerhost
export DOCKER_TLS_VERIFY='1'
export DOCKER_HOST='tcp://192.168.22.175:2376'
export DOCKER_CERT_PATH='/root/.docker/machine/machines/dockerhost'
export DOCKER_MACHINE_NAME='dockerhost'
# Run this command to configure your shell:
# eval $(docker-machine env dockerhost)
[root@test001 ~]# eval $(docker-machine env dockerhost)
[root@test001 ~]# docker-machine ssh dockerhost
Last login: Thu Jun 14 02:32:42 2018 from 192.168.22.177
[root@dockerhost ~]# docker --version
Docker version 1.13.1, build 94f4240/1.13.1
[root@test001 ~]# docker run -d nginx:1.13
Unable to find image 'nginx:1.13' locally
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/nginx ...
sha256:b1d09e9718890e6ebbbd2bc319ef1611559e30ce1b6f56b2e3b479d9da51dc35: Pulling from docker.io/library/nginx
f2aa67a397c4: Pull complete
3c091c23e29d: Pull complete
4a99993b8636: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:b1d09e9718890e6ebbbd2bc319ef1611559e30ce1b6f56b2e3b479d9da51dc35
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/nginx:1.13
72efb659ec38d263519c894bf0b5eb3d5ca35af1e3d0e9522abbcc19d8739403
[root@test001 ~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/nginx 1.13 ae513a47849c 6 weeks ago 109 MB
[root@test001 ~]# docker-machine ssh dockerhost
Last login: Thu Jun 14 02:58:51 2018 from 192.168.22.177
[root@dockerhost ~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/nginx 1.13 ae513a47849c 6 weeks ago 109 MB
#由此可以發(fā)現，利用docker-machine可以減少重復操作，便于環(huán)境的創(chuàng )建
聯(lián)系客服
