pwd: print work directory 打印當前目錄 顯示出當前工作目錄的絕對路徑
ps: process status(進(jìn)程狀態(tài)，類(lèi)似于windows的任務(wù)管理器)
常用參數：－auxf
ps -auxf 顯示進(jìn)程狀態(tài)
df: disk free 其功能是顯示磁盤(pán)可用空間數目信息及空間結點(diǎn)信息。換句話(huà)說(shuō)，就是報告在任何安裝的設備或目錄中，還剩多少自由的空間。
du: Disk usage
rpm：即RedHat Package Management，是RedHat的發(fā)明之一
rmdir：Remove Directory（刪除目錄）
rm：Remove（刪除目錄或文件）
cat: concatenate 連鎖
cat file1file2>>file3 把文件1和文件2的內容聯(lián)合起來(lái)放到file3中
insmod: install module,載入模塊
ln -s : link -soft 創(chuàng )建一個(gè)軟鏈接，相當于創(chuàng )建一個(gè)快捷方式
mkdir：Make Directory(創(chuàng )建目錄)
touch: touch
man: Manual
su：Swith user(切換用戶(hù))
cd：Change directory
ls：List files
ps：Process Status
mkdir：Make directory
rmdir：Remove directory
mkfs: Make file system
fsck：File system check
uname: Unix name
lsmod: List modules
mv: Move file
rm: Remove file
cp: Copy file
ln: Link files
fg: Foreground
bg: Background
chown: Change owner
chgrp: Change group
chmod: Change mode
umount: Unmount
dd: 本來(lái)應根據其功能描述"Convert an copy"命名為"cc"，但"cc"已經(jīng)被用以代表"CComplier"，所以命名為"dd"
tar：Tape archive （磁帶檔案）
ldd：List dynamic dependencies
insmod：Install module
rmmod：Remove module
lsmod：List module
文件結尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）：Resource configuration
Knnxxx /Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目錄下）：K（Kill）；S(Service)；nn（執行順序號）；xxx（服務(wù)標識）
.a（擴展名a）：Archive，static library
.so（擴展名so）：Shared object，dynamically linked library
.o（擴展名o）：Object file，complied result of C/C++ source file
RPM：Red hat package manager
dpkg：Debian package manager
apt：Advanced package tool（Debian或基于Debian的發(fā)行版中提供）
bin = Binaries (二進(jìn)制文件)/dev = Devices (設備)/etc = Etcetera (等等)/lib = LIBrary/proc = Processes/sbin = Superuser Binaries (超級用戶(hù)的二進(jìn)制文件)/tmp = Temporary (臨時(shí))/usr = Unix Shared Resources/var = Variable (變量)FIFO = First In, First OutGRUB = GRand Unified BootloaderIFS= Internal Field SeperatorsLILO = LInux LOaderMySQL = My 是最初作者女兒的名字，SQL = Structured QueryLanguagePHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP HypertextPreprocessorPS = Prompt StringPerl = “Pratical Extraction and Report Language”(實(shí)際的抽取和報告語(yǔ)言) =”P(pán)athologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister”P(pán)ython 得名于電視劇Monty Python’s Flying CircusTcl = Tool Command LanguageTk = ToolKitVT = Video TerminalYaST = Yet Another Setup Toolapache = “a patchy” serverapt = Advanced Packaging Toolar = archiveras = assemblerawk = “Aho Weiberger and Kernighan”三個(gè)作者的姓的第一個(gè)字母bash = Bourne Again SHellbc = Basic (Better) Calculatorbg = BackGroundbiff = 作者HeidiStettner在U.C.Berkely養的一條狗,喜歡對郵遞員汪汪叫。cal = Calendar (日歷)cat = Catenate (鏈接)cd = Change Directorychgrp = Change Groupchmod = Change Modechown = Change Ownerchsh = Change Shellcmp = comparecobra = Common Object Request BrokerArchitecturecomm = commoncp = Copycpio = CoPy In and Outcpp = C Pre Processorcron = Chronos 希臘文時(shí)間cups = Common Unix Printing Systemcvs = Current Version Systemdaemon = Disk And Execution MONitordc = Desk Calculatordd = Disk Dump (磁盤(pán)轉儲)df = Disk Freediff = Differencedmesg = diagnostic messagedu = Disk Usageed = editoregrep = Extended GREPelf = Extensible Linking Formatelm = ELectronic Mailemacs = Editor MACroSeval = EVALuateex = EXtendedexec = EXECute (執行)fd = file descriptorsfg = ForeGroundfgrep = Fixed GREPfmt = formatfsck = File System ChecKfstab = FileSystem TABlefvwm = F*** Virtual Window Managergawk = GNU AWKgpg = GNU Privacy Guardgroff = GNU troffhal = Hardware Abstraction Layerjoe = Joe’s Own Editorksh = Korn SHelllame = Lame Ain’t an MP3 Encoderlex = LEXical analyserlisp = LISt Processing = Lots of IrritatingSuperfluous Parenthesesln = Linklpr = Line PRintls = listlsof = LiSt Open Filesm4 = Macro processor Version 4man = MANual pagesmawk = Mike Brennan’s AWKmc = Midnight Commandermkfs = MaKe FileSystemmknod = Make Nodemotd = Message of The Daymozilla = MOsaic GodZILLamtab = Mount TABlemv = Movenano = Nano’s ANOther editornawk = New AWKnl = Number of Linesnm = namesnohup = No HangUPnroff = New ROFFod = Octal Dumppasswd = Passwdpg = pagerpico = PIne’s message COmposition editorpine = “Program for Internet News &Email” = “Pine is not Elm”ping = 擬聲 又 = Packet Internet Grouperpirntcap = PRINTer CAPabilitypopd = POP Directorypr = preprintf = Print Formattedps = Processes Statuspty = pseudo ttypushd = PUSH Directorypwd = Print Working Directoryrc = runcom = run command, rc還是plan9的shellrev = REVerserm = ReMovern = Read Newsroff = RunOFFrpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat PackageManagerrsh, rlogin, rvim中的r = Remoterxvt = ouR XVTseamoneky = 我sed = Stream Editorseq = SEQuenceshar = Shell ARchiveslrn = S-Lang rnssh = Secure Shellssl = Secure Sockets Layerstty = Set TTYsu = Substitute Usersvn = SubVersiontar = Tape ARchivetcsh = TENEX C shelltee = T (T形水管接口)telnet = TEminaL over Networktermcap = terminal capabilityterminfo = terminal informationtex = τ?χνη的縮寫(xiě)，希臘文arttr = traslatetroff = Typesetter new ROFFtsort = Topological SORTtty = TeleTypewritertwm = Tom’s Window Managertz = TimeZoneudev = Userspace DEVulimit = User’s LIMITumask = User’s MASKuniq = UNIQuei = VIsual = Very Inconvenientvim = Vi IMprovedwall = write allwc = Word Countwine = WINE Is Not an Emulatorxargs = eXtended ARGumentsxdm = X Display Managerxlfd = X Logical Font Descriptionxmms = X Multimedia Systemxrdb = X Resources DataBasexwd = X Window Dumpyacc = yet another compiler compilerFish = the Friendly Interactive SHellsu = Switch UserMIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail ExtensionsECMA = European Computer ManufacturersAssociation
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