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解決Linux操作系統下DES、AES解密失敗的問(wèn)題
現象描述：

windows上加解密正常，linux上加密正常，解密時(shí)發(fā)生 如下異常：

Des修改方式如下：


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<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';"> public void getKey(String strKey) {
        try {
            KeyGenerator _generator = KeyGenerator.getInstance("DES");
            SecureRandom secureRandom = SecureRandom.getInstance("SHA1PRNG");
            secureRandom.setSeed(strKey.getBytes());
            _generator.init(secureRandom);
            this.key = _generator.generateKey();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }</span>



AES修改方式如下：
javax.crypto.BadPaddingException: Given final block not properly padded

       at com.sun.crypto.provider.SunJCE_f.b(DashoA13*..)
       at com.sun.crypto.provider.SunJCE_f.b(DashoA13*..)
       at com.sun.crypto.provider.AESCipher.engineDoFinal(DashoA13*..)
       at javax.crypto.Cipher.doFinal(DashoA13*..)
       at chb.test.crypto.AESUtils.crypt(AESUtils.java:386)
       at chb.test.crypto.AESUtils.AesDecrypt(AESUtils.java:254)
       at chb.test.crypto.AESUtils.main(AESUtils.java:40) 

解決方法：
經(jīng)過(guò)檢查之后，定位在生成KEY的方法上，如下：
  1. public static SecretKey getKey (String strKey) {  
  2.          try {           
  3.             KeyGenerator _generator = KeyGenerator.getInstance( "AES" );  
  4.             _generator.init(128, new SecureRandom(strKey.getBytes()));  
  5.                 return _generator.generateKey();  
  6.         }  catch (Exception e) {  
  7.              throw new RuntimeException( " 初始化密鑰出現異常 " );  
  8.         }  
  9.       }   
修改到如下方式，問(wèn)題解決：

  1. public static SecretKey getKey(String strKey) {  
  2.        try {           
  3.           KeyGenerator _generator = KeyGenerator.getInstance( "AES" );  
  4.            SecureRandom secureRandom = SecureRandom.getInstance("SHA1PRNG" );  
  5.           secureRandom.setSeed(strKey.getBytes());  
  6.           _generator.init(128,secureRandom);  
  7.               return _generator.generateKey();  
  8.       }  catch (Exception e) {  
  9.            throw new RuntimeException( " 初始化密鑰出現異常 " );  
  10.       }  
  11.     }   

原因分析

SecureRandom 實(shí)現完全隨操作系統本身的內部狀態(tài)，除非調用方在調用 getInstance 方法之後又調用了 setSeed 方法；該實(shí)現在 windows 上每次生成的 key 都相同，但是在 solaris 或部分 linux 系統上則不同。

原因二：

1、加密完byte[] 后，需要將加密了的byte[] 轉換成base64保存，如： 
BASE64Encoder base64encoder = new BASE64Encoder(); 
String encode=base64encoder.encode(bytes)； 

2、解密前，需要將加密后的字符串從base64轉回來(lái)再解密，如： 
BASE64Decoder base64decoder = new BASE64Decoder(); 
byte[] encodeByte = base64decoder.decodeBuffer(str); 

完整例子：

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package com.travelsky.tdp.pkgStock.util;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;
public class SecurityAES {
    private final static String encoding = "UTF-8";
    /**
     * AES加密
     *
     * @param content
     * @param password
     * @return
     */
    public static String encryptAES(String content, String password) {
        byte[] encryptResult = encrypt(content, password);
        String encryptResultStr = parseByte2HexStr(encryptResult);
        // BASE64位加密
        encryptResultStr = ebotongEncrypto(encryptResultStr);
        return encryptResultStr;
    }
    /**
     * AES解密
     *
     * @param encryptResultStr
     * @param password
     * @return
     */
    public static String decrypt(String encryptResultStr, String password) {
        // BASE64位解密
        String decrpt = ebotongDecrypto(encryptResultStr);
        byte[] decryptFrom = parseHexStr2Byte(decrpt);
        byte[] decryptResult = decrypt(decryptFrom, password);
        return new String(decryptResult);
    }
        /**
     * 加密字符串
     */
    public static String ebotongEncrypto(String str) {
        BASE64Encoder base64encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
        String result = str;
        if (str != null && str.length() > 0) {
            try {
                byte[] encodeByte = str.getBytes(encoding);
                result = base64encoder.encode(encodeByte);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        //base64加密超過(guò)一定長(cháng)度會(huì )自動(dòng)換行 需要去除換行符
        return result.replaceAll("\r\n", "").replaceAll("\r", "").replaceAll("\n", "");
    }
    /**
     * 解密字符串
     */
    public static String ebotongDecrypto(String str) {
        BASE64Decoder base64decoder = new BASE64Decoder();
        try {
            byte[] encodeByte = base64decoder.decodeBuffer(str);
            return new String(encodeByte);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return str;
        }
    }
    /** 
     * 加密 
     *  
     * @param content 需要加密的內容 
     * @param password  加密密碼 
     * @return 
     */ 
    private static byte[] encrypt(String content, String password) {  
            try {             
                    KeyGenerator kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
                    //防止linux下 隨機生成key
                    SecureRandom secureRandom = SecureRandom.getInstance("SHA1PRNG" );  
                    secureRandom.setSeed(password.getBytes());  
                    kgen.init(128, secureRandom);
                    //kgen.init(128, new SecureRandom(password.getBytes()));  
                    SecretKey secretKey = kgen.generateKey();  
                    byte[] enCodeFormat = secretKey.getEncoded();  
                    SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(enCodeFormat, "AES");  
                    Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");// 創(chuàng )建密碼器  
                    byte[] byteContent = content.getBytes("utf-8");  
                    cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);// 初始化  
                    byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(byteContent);  
                    return result; // 加密  
            } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
            } catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
            } catch (InvalidKeyException e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
            } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
            } catch (BadPaddingException e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
            return null;  
    } 
    /**解密 
     * @param content  待解密內容 
     * @param password 解密密鑰 
     * @return 
     */ 
    private static byte[] decrypt(byte[] content, String password) {  
            try {  
                     KeyGenerator kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
                   //防止linux下 隨機生成key
                     SecureRandom secureRandom = SecureRandom.getInstance("SHA1PRNG" );  
                     secureRandom.setSeed(password.getBytes());  
                     kgen.init(128, secureRandom);
                     //kgen.init(128, new SecureRandom(password.getBytes()));  
                     SecretKey secretKey = kgen.generateKey();  
                     byte[] enCodeFormat = secretKey.getEncoded();  
                     SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(enCodeFormat, "AES");              
                     Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");// 創(chuàng )建密碼器  
                    cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key);// 初始化  
                    byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(content);  
                    return result; // 加密  
            } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
            } catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
            } catch (InvalidKeyException e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
            } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
            } catch (BadPaddingException e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
            return null;  
    } 
    /**將二進(jìn)制轉換成16進(jìn)制 
     * @param buf 
     * @return 
     */ 
    public static String parseByte2HexStr(byte buf[]) {  
            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();  
            for (int i = 0; i < buf.length; i++) {  
                    String hex = Integer.toHexString(buf[i] & 0xFF);  
                    if (hex.length() == 1) {  
                            hex = '0' + hex;  
                    }  
                    sb.append(hex.toUpperCase());  
            }  
            return sb.toString();  
    } 
    /**將16進(jìn)制轉換為二進(jìn)制 
     * @param hexStr 
     * @return 
     */ 
    public static byte[] parseHexStr2Byte(String hexStr) {  
            if (hexStr.length() < 1)  
                    return null;  
            byte[] result = new byte[hexStr.length()/2];  
            for (int i = 0;i< hexStr.length()/2; i++) {  
                    int high = Integer.parseInt(hexStr.substring(i*2, i*2+1), 16);  
                    int low = Integer.parseInt(hexStr.substring(i*2+1, i*2+2), 16);  
                    result[i] = (byte) (high * 16 + low);  
            }  
            return result;  
    } 
     
}
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