亚欧免费观看在线观看更新_ linux 2.6 在s3c2410上的移植筆記

1. 加載kernel后出現如下錯誤：

NET: Registered protocol family 1
Root-NFS: No NFS server available, giving up.
VFS: Unable to mount root fs via NFS, trying floppy.
VFS: Cannot open root device "mtdblock3" or unknown-block(2,0)
Please append a correct "root=" boot option
Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(2,0)

其中，linux command line is: "noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock3 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200"

解決方法，在make menuconfig 后，選中mtd支持，cramfs支持，/dev fs支持。

其中，添加/dev fs支持具體操作如下:

修改fs/Kconfig，支持啟動(dòng)時(shí)掛載devfs
$vim fs/ Kconfig
找到menu “Pseudo filesystem”
在其中添加：
config DEVFS_FS
bool “/dev file system support (OBSOLETE)”
default y

config DEVFS_MOUNT
bool “Automatically mount at boot”
default y
depends on DEVFS_FS

之后，boot信息如下：

boot
Copy linux kernel from 0x00030000 to 0x30008000, size = 0x00100000 ... done
zImage magic = 0x016f2818
Setup linux parameters at 0x30000100
linux command line is: "noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock/3 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200"
MACH_TYPE = 193
NOW, Booting Linux......
Uncompressing Linux................................................................... done, booting the kernel.
Linux version 2.6.15.4 (zjw@zjw.linux) (gcc version 4.1.1) #5 Thu Aug 2 20:47:27 CST 2007
CPU: ARM920Tid(wb) [41129200] revision 0 (ARMv4T)
Machine: SMDK2410
ATAG_INITRD is deprecated; please update your bootloader.
Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback
CPU S3C2410A (id 0x32410002)
S3C2410: core 200.000 MHz, memory 100.000 MHz, peripheral 50.000 MHz
S3C2410 Clocks, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics
CLOCK: Slow mode (1.500 MHz), fast, MPLL on, UPLL on
CPU0: D VIVT write-back cache
CPU0: I cache: 16384 bytes, associativity 64, 32 byte lines, 8 sets
CPU0: D cache: 16384 bytes, associativity 64, 32 byte lines, 8 sets
Built 1 zonelists
Kernel command line: noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock/3 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200
irq: clearing subpending status 00000007
irq: clearing subpending status 00000002
PID hash table entries: 256 (order: 8, 4096 bytes)
timer tcon=00000000, tcnt a2c1, tcfg 00000200,00000000, usec 00001eb8
Console: colour dummy device 80x30
Dentry cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
Memory: 32MB = 32MB total
Memory: 30248KB available (1676K code, 376K data, 88K init)
Mount-cache hash table entries: 512
CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok
NET: Registered protocol family 16
S3C2410: Initialising architecture
S3C2410 DMA Driver, (c) 2003-2004 Simtec Electronics
DMA channel 0 at c2800000, irq 33
DMA channel 1 at c2800040, irq 34
DMA channel 2 at c2800080, irq 35
DMA channel 3 at c28000c0, irq 36
NetWinder Floating Point Emulator V0.97 (extended precision)
devfs: 2004-01-31 Richard Gooch (rgooch@atnf.csiro.au)
devfs: devfs_debug: 0x0 //可以看出，已經(jīng)支持devfs
devfs: boot_options: 0x1
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler anticipatory registered
io scheduler deadline registered
io scheduler cfq registered
Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 80x25
fb0: Virtual frame buffer device, using 1024K of video memory
s3c2410-uart.0: s3c2410_serial0 at MMIO 0x50000000 (irq = 70) is a S3C2410
s3c2410-uart.1: s3c2410_serial1 at MMIO 0x50004000 (irq = 73) is a S3C2410
s3c2410-uart.2: s3c2410_serial2 at MMIO 0x50008000 (irq = 76) is a S3C2410
RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 4096K size 1024 blocksize
S3C24XX NAND Driver, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics
s3c2410-nand: Tacls=1, 10ns Twrph0=4 40ns, Twrph1=1 10ns
NAND device: Manufacturer ID: 0xec, Chip ID: 0x75 (Samsung NAND 32MiB 3,3V 8-bit)
NAND_ECC_NONE selected by board driver. This is not recommended !!
Scanning device for bad blocks
Creating 5 MTD partitions on "NAND 32MiB 3,3V 8-bit":
0x00000000-0x00020000 : "loader"
0x00020000-0x00030000 : "param"
0x00030000-0x001f0000 : "kernel"
0x00200000-0x00600000 : "root"
0x00600000-0x04000000 : "user"
mtd: partition "user" extends beyond the end of device "NAND 32MiB 3,3V 8-bit" -- size truncated to 0x1a00000
mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP route cache hash table entries: 512 (order: -1, 2048 bytes)
TCP established hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 2048 bind 2048)
TCP reno registered
TCP bic registered
NET: Registered protocol family 1
Root-NFS: No NFS server available, giving up.
VFS: Unable to mount root fs via NFS, trying floppy.
VFS: Cannot open root device "mtdblock/3" or unknown-block(2,0)
Please append a correct "root=" boot option
Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(2,0)

根據網(wǎng)上的一些指導，將linux_cmd_line設置為"noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock/3 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200"，問(wèn)題

依舊。嘗試了幾乎所有網(wǎng)上的辦法，問(wèn)題沒(méi)有得到解決。于是嘗試換一個(gè)內核，下載了2.6.22的內核，按照2.6.15.4一樣

配置編譯了內核，當然，該版本的移植步驟有點(diǎn)變化，最主要的區別是，2.6.22的內核已經(jīng)沒(méi)有了/arch/arm/mach-s3c2410/dev.c文件，

所以，分區信息要在arch/arm/mach-s3c2410/common-smdk.c中修改static struct mtd_partition smdk_default_nand_part[] 。

boot后：

boot
Copy linux kernel from 0x00030000 to 0x30008000, size = 0x001d0000 ... done
zImage magic = 0x016f2818
Setup linux parameters at 0x30000100
linux command line is: "noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock3 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200"
MACH_TYPE = 193
NOW, Booting Linux......
Uncompressing Linux.................................................................................................. done, booting the kernel.
Linux version 2.6.22 (zjw@zjw.linux) (gcc version 4.1.1) #3 Sun Aug 5 16:00:32 CST 2007
CPU: ARM920T [41129200] revision 0 (ARMv4T), cr=c0007177
Machine: SMDK2410
ATAG_INITRD is deprecated; please update your bootloader.
Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback
CPU S3C2410A (id 0x32410002)
S3C2410: core 200.000 MHz, memory 100.000 MHz, peripheral 50.000 MHz
S3C24XX Clocks, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics
CLOCK: Slow mode (1.500 MHz), fast, MPLL on, UPLL on
CPU0: D VIVT write-back cache
CPU0: I cache: 16384 bytes, associativity 64, 32 byte lines, 8 sets
CPU0: D cache: 16384 bytes, associativity 64, 32 byte lines, 8 sets
Built 1 zonelists. Total pages: 8128
Kernel command line: noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock3 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200
irq: clearing subpending status 00000007
irq: clearing subpending status 00000002
PID hash table entries: 128 (order: 7, 512 bytes)
timer tcon=00000000, tcnt a2c1, tcfg 00000200,00000000, usec 00001eb8
Console: colour dummy device 80x30
Dentry cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
Memory: 32MB = 32MB total
Memory: 29224KB available (2780K code, 309K data, 132K init)
Mount-cache hash table entries: 512
CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok
NET: Registered protocol family 16
S3C2410 Power Management, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics
S3C2410: Initialising architecture
S3C24XX DMA Driver, (c) 2003-2004,2006 Simtec Electronics
DMA channel 0 at c2800000, irq 33
DMA channel 1 at c2800040, irq 34
DMA channel 2 at c2800080, irq 35
DMA channel 3 at c28000c0, irq 36
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
usbcore: registered new device driver usb
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP route cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
TCP established hash table entries: 1024 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 1024 bind 1024)
TCP reno registered
NetWinder Floating Point Emulator V0.97 (double precision)
JFFS2 version 2.2. (NAND) ?? 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc.
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler anticipatory registered (default)
io scheduler deadline registered
io scheduler cfq registered
s3c2410-lcd s3c2410-lcd: no platform data for lcd, cannot attach
s3c2410-lcd: probe of s3c2410-lcd failed with error -22
lp: driver loaded but no devices found
ppdev: user-space parallel port driver
S3C2410 Watchdog Timer, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics
Serial: 8250/16550 driver $Revision: 1.90 $ 4 ports, IRQ sharing enabled
s3c2410-uart.0: s3c2410_serial0 at MMIO 0x50000000 (irq = 70) is a S3C2410
s3c2410-uart.1: s3c2410_serial1 at MMIO 0x50004000 (irq = 73) is a S3C2410
s3c2410-uart.2: s3c2410_serial2 at MMIO 0x50008000 (irq = 76) is a S3C2410
RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 4096K size 1024 blocksize
loop: module loaded
dm9000 Ethernet Driver
Uniform Multi-Platform E-IDE driver Revision: 7.00alpha2
ide: Assuming 50MHz system bus speed for PIO modes; override with idebus=xx
BAST NOR-Flash Driver, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics
S3C24XX NAND Driver, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics
s3c2410-nand s3c2410-nand: Tacls=1, 10ns Twrph0=4 40ns, Twrph1=1 10ns
NAND device: Manufacturer ID: 0xec, Chip ID: 0x75 (Samsung NAND 32MiB 3,3V 8-bit)
NAND_ECC_NONE selected by board driver. This is not recommended !!
Scanning device for bad blocks
Creating 5 MTD partitions on "NAND 32MiB 3,3V 8-bit":
0x00000000-0x00020000 : "loader"
0x00020000-0x00030000 : "param"
0x00030000-0x00200000 : "kernel"
0x00200000-0x00600000 : "root"
0x00600000-0x02000000 : "user"
usbmon: debugfs is not available
s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: S3C24XX OHCI
s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: irq 42, io mem 0x49000000
usb usb1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
hub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports detected
mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
S3C24XX RTC, (c) 2004,2006 Simtec Electronics
s3c2410-i2c s3c2410-i2c: slave address 0x10
s3c2410-i2c s3c2410-i2c: bus frequency set to 390 KHz
s3c2410-i2c s3c2410-i2c: i2c-0: S3C I2C adapter
TCP cubic registered
NET: Registered protocol family 1
drivers/rtc/hctosys.c: unable to open rtc device (rtc0)
VFS: Mounted root (cramfs filesystem) readonly.
Freeing init memory: 132K
Warning: unable to open an initial console.
Failed to execute /linuxrc. Attempting defaults...

看來(lái)，mtdblock3已經(jīng)能認出來(lái)了，不知道上個(gè)問(wèn)題是不是2.6.15.4內核本身的問(wèn)題?，F在的問(wèn)題，好像是cramfs文件系統有問(wèn)題了。

也可以理解，我下載的是在2.4內核下能成功加載的文件系統，到2.6下可能不行，看來(lái)要重新制作文件系統了。

下載了1.6.1版本的buzybox，修改了makefile的arch和CROSS_COMPILER，make menuconfig，選了一些自認為需要的選項。當我選了靜態(tài)編譯后，編譯出錯，所以最后選的是動(dòng)態(tài)加載，這樣的話(huà)就要在編譯后的添加的lib目錄中將交叉編譯工具的一些lib拷貝進(jìn)去了。

make install 后，生成了bin, sbin ,usr三個(gè)目錄，然后

mkdir mnt root var tmp proc boot etc lib
mkdir /var/{lock,log,mail,run,spool}，然后mkcramfs，生成.cramfs文件，下載，boot，問(wèn)題依舊，

drivers/rtc/hctosys.c: unable to open rtc device (rtc0)
VFS: Mounted root (cramfs filesystem) readonly.
Freeing init memory: 132K
Warning: unable to open an initial console.
Failed to execute /linuxrc. Attempting defaults...

后來(lái)發(fā)現busybox生成的文件系統根目錄下并沒(méi)有linuxrc，所以無(wú)從執行，于是網(wǎng)上搜索了一下，自己編輯了一個(gè)linuxrc腳本，屬性改為可執行，內容如下：

#!/bin/sh
echo "mount /etc as ramfs"
/bin/mount -n -t ramfs ramfs /etc
/bin/cp -a /mnt/etc/* /etc
echo "re-create the /etc/mtab entries"
/bin/mount -f -t cramfs -o remount,ro /dev/mtdblock/3 /
/bin/mount -f -t ramfs ramfs /etc
exec /sbin/init

重新壓縮下載，boot，問(wèn)題依舊，真是郁悶。仔細分析了啟動(dòng)信息，發(fā)現雖然同樣在fs/kconfig中添加了devfs的信息并且在內核編譯選項中選中了

相應的內容，但是啟動(dòng)信息中并沒(méi)有體現出來(lái)，所以懷疑devfs驅動(dòng)沒(méi)有加載，查看了內核的源代碼，發(fā)現devfs相關(guān)的代碼已經(jīng)完全被刪除了，看來(lái)

linux確實(shí)要和devfs斷絕關(guān)系了，試著(zhù)將devfs的代碼拷回去，編譯錯誤一大堆，估計要移植過(guò)去有點(diǎn)工作量，既然說(shuō)它不好，那我也不必一定要用它

了，強扭的瓜也不甜，所以準備使用udev。

busybox中有一個(gè)裁減的udev --〉mdev命令！選上它，又選擇了一些其它的命令，重新make install busybox。發(fā)現根目錄下有了linuxrc文件了??！

不是很確定到底是添加了哪些選項后出來(lái)的，也不想去試驗了。趕快打包，下載，boot后，終于：

Copy linux kernel from 0x00030000 to 0x30008000, size = 0x001d0000 ... done
zImage magic = 0x016f2818
Setup linux parameters at 0x30000100
linux command line is: "noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock3 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200"
MACH_TYPE = 193
NOW, Booting Linux......
Uncompressing Linux.................................................................................................. done, booting the kernel.
Linux version 2.6.22 (zjw@zjw.linux) (gcc version 4.1.1) #3 Sun Aug 5 16:00:32 CST 2007
CPU: ARM920T [41129200] revision 0 (ARMv4T), cr=c0007177
Machine: SMDK2410
ATAG_INITRD is deprecated; please update your bootloader.
Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback
CPU S3C2410A (id 0x32410002)
S3C2410: core 200.000 MHz, memory 100.000 MHz, peripheral 50.000 MHz
S3C24XX Clocks, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics
CLOCK: Slow mode (1.500 MHz), fast, MPLL on, UPLL on
CPU0: D VIVT write-back cache
CPU0: I cache: 16384 bytes, associativity 64, 32 byte lines, 8 sets
CPU0: D cache: 16384 bytes, associativity 64, 32 byte lines, 8 sets
Built 1 zonelists. Total pages: 8128
Kernel command line: noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock3 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200
irq: clearing subpending status 00000007
irq: clearing subpending status 00000002
PID hash table entries: 128 (order: 7, 512 bytes)
timer tcon=00000000, tcnt a2c1, tcfg 00000200,00000000, usec 00001eb8
Console: colour dummy device 80x30
Dentry cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
Memory: 32MB = 32MB total
Memory: 29224KB available (2780K code, 309K data, 132K init)
Mount-cache hash table entries: 512
CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok
NET: Registered protocol family 16
S3C2410 Power Management, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics
S3C2410: Initialising architecture
S3C24XX DMA Driver, (c) 2003-2004,2006 Simtec Electronics
DMA channel 0 at c2800000, irq 33
DMA channel 1 at c2800040, irq 34
DMA channel 2 at c2800080, irq 35
DMA channel 3 at c28000c0, irq 36
usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
usbcore: registered new device driver usb
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP route cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
TCP established hash table entries: 1024 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 1024 bind 1024)
TCP reno registered
NetWinder Floating Point Emulator V0.97 (double precision)
JFFS2 version 2.2. (NAND) ?? 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc.
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler anticipatory registered (default)
io scheduler deadline registered
io scheduler cfq registered
s3c2410-lcd s3c2410-lcd: no platform data for lcd, cannot attach
s3c2410-lcd: probe of s3c2410-lcd failed with error -22
lp: driver loaded but no devices found
ppdev: user-space parallel port driver
S3C2410 Watchdog Timer, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics
Serial: 8250/16550 driver $Revision: 1.90 $ 4 ports, IRQ sharing enabled
s3c2410-uart.0: s3c2410_serial0 at MMIO 0x50000000 (irq = 70) is a S3C2410
s3c2410-uart.1: s3c2410_serial1 at MMIO 0x50004000 (irq = 73) is a S3C2410
s3c2410-uart.2: s3c2410_serial2 at MMIO 0x50008000 (irq = 76) is a S3C2410
RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 4096K size 1024 blocksize
loop: module loaded
dm9000 Ethernet Driver
Uniform Multi-Platform E-IDE driver Revision: 7.00alpha2
ide: Assuming 50MHz system bus speed for PIO modes; override with idebus=xx
BAST NOR-Flash Driver, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics
S3C24XX NAND Driver, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics
s3c2410-nand s3c2410-nand: Tacls=1, 10ns Twrph0=4 40ns, Twrph1=1 10ns
NAND device: Manufacturer ID: 0xec, Chip ID: 0x75 (Samsung NAND 32MiB 3,3V 8-bit)
NAND_ECC_NONE selected by board driver. This is not recommended !!
Scanning device for bad blocks
Creating 5 MTD partitions on "NAND 32MiB 3,3V 8-bit":
0x00000000-0x00020000 : "loader"
0x00020000-0x00030000 : "param"
0x00030000-0x00200000 : "kernel"
0x00200000-0x00600000 : "root"
0x00600000-0x02000000 : "user"
usbmon: debugfs is not available
s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: S3C24XX OHCI
s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: irq 42, io mem 0x49000000
usb usb1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
hub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports detected
mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
S3C24XX RTC, (c) 2004,2006 Simtec Electronics
s3c2410-i2c s3c2410-i2c: slave address 0x10
s3c2410-i2c s3c2410-i2c: bus frequency set to 390 KHz
s3c2410-i2c s3c2410-i2c: i2c-0: S3C I2C adapter
TCP cubic registered
NET: Registered protocol family 1
drivers/rtc/hctosys.c: unable to open rtc device (rtc0)
VFS: Mounted root (cramfs filesystem) readonly.
Freeing init memory: 132K
init started: BusyBox v1.6.1 (2007-08-04 22:24:34 CST) multi-call binary
starting pid 739, tty ‘‘: ‘/etc/init.d/rcS‘
Cannot run ‘/etc/init.d/rcS‘: No such file or directory
starting pid 740, tty ‘‘: ‘/bin/sh‘
Cannot run ‘/bin/sh‘: No such file or directory
process ‘-/bin/sh‘ (pid 740) exited. Scheduling it for restart.
starting pid 741, tty ‘‘: ‘/bin/sh‘
Cannot run ‘/bin/sh‘: No such file or directory
process ‘-/bin/sh‘ (pid 741) exited. Scheduling it for restart.
starting pid 742, tty ‘‘: ‘/bin/sh‘

終于有點(diǎn)進(jìn)展了，可是新問(wèn)題又出現了。重新配置busybox，發(fā)現是忘了把shell給選上了，選了ash，make install,

-------------------------------終于，見(jiàn)到了久違的shell??！

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