updated version at
http://www.rayninfo.co.uk/vimtips.html ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Absolutely essential
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vim.sf.net : Visit frequently
comp.editors : "VIM" dominated newsgroup
* # g* g# : find word under cursor (forwards/backwards)
% : match brackets {}[]()
matchit.vim : % now matches tags <tr><td><script> etc
<C-N> <C-P> : word completion in insert mode
<C-X><C-L> : Line complete SUPER USEFUL
/<C-R><C-W> : Pull <cword> onto search/command line
:set ignorecase # you nearly always want this
:syntax on : colour syntax in Perl,HTML,PHP etc
:h slash<C-D> : type control-D and get a list all help topics containing
slash (plus use TAB for Help completion)
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# MAKE IT EASY TO UPDATE/RELOAD_vimrc
:nmap ,s :source $VIM/_vimrc
:nmap ,v :e $VIM/_vimrc
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#VISUAL MODE Mappings
:vmap sb "zdi<b><C-R>z</b><ESC> : wrap <b></b> around VISUALLY selected Text
:vmap st "zdi<?= <C-R>z ?><ESC> : wrap <?= ?> around VISUALLY selected Text
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# Exploring
:Ex : file explorer note capital Ex
\be : builtin buffer explorer
:ls : list of buffers(eg following)
:cd .. : move to parent directory
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# Great
guu : lowercase line
gUU : uppercase line
gf : open file name under cursor (SUPER)
ga : display hex,ascii value of character under cursor
ggVGg? : rot13 whole file
CTRL-A,CTRL-X : increment,decerement number under cursor
win32 users must remap CNTRL-A
CTRL-R=5*5 : insert 25 into text
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# Makes all other tips superfluous
:h 42
:h holy-grail
:help!
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# Markers & moving about
‘. : jump to last modification line (SUPER)
`. : jump to exact spot in last modification line
<C-O> : retrace your movements in file (old)
<C-I> : retrace your movements in file (new)
:ju(mps)
:help jump-motions
:history : list of all your commands
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# Abbreviations & maps
:map <f7> :‘a(chǎn),‘bw! c:/aaa/x
:map <f8> :r c:/aaa/x
:map <f9> :w<CR>:!c:/php/php.exe %<CR>
:map <f11> :.w! c:/aaa/xr<CR>
:map <f12> :r c:/aaa/xr<CR>
:ab php : list of abbreviations beginning php
:map , : list of maps beginning ,
# For use in Maps
<CR> : carriage Return for maps
<ESC> : Escape
<LEADER> : normally \
<BAR> : | pipe
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# List your Registers
:reg : display contents of all registers
"1p.... : retrieve numeric buffers
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# Useful trick
"
ayy@a : execute "Vim command" in a text file
yy@" : same thing using unnamed register
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# Get output from other commands
:r!ls.exe : reads in output of ls
!!date : same thing
:%!sort -u : use an external program to filter content
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# Multiple Files Management
:wn : write file and move to next (SUPER)
:bd : remove file from buffer list (SUPER)
:sav php.html : Save current file as php.html and "move" to php.html
:sp fred.txt : open fred.txt into a split
:e! : return to unmodified file
:w c:/aaa/% : save file elsewhere
:e # : edit alternative file
:e %
:rew : rewwind to first file in ARGS
:bn : next file
:bp : next file
:brew
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# Recording (BEST TIP of ALL)
qq # record to q
your commands
q
@q to execute
@@ to Repeat
# editing a register/recording
"ap
<you can now see register contents, edit as required>
"add
@a
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# _vimrc essentials
:set incsearch : jumps to search word as you type (annoying but excellent)
:set wildignore=*.o,*.obj,*.bak,*.exe
:set shiftwidth=3
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# launching Win IE
:nmap ,f :update<CR>:silent !start c:\progra~1\intern~1\iexplore.exe
file://%:p<CR>
:nmap ,i :update<CR>: !start c:\progra~1\intern~1\iexplore.exe <cWORD><CR>
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# FTPing from VIM
cmap ,r :Nread
ftp://209.51.134.122/public_html/index.html cmap ,w :Nwrite
ftp://209.51.134.122/public_html/index.html gvim
ftp://209.51.134.122/public_html/index.html ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# appending to registers (use CAPITAL)
# yank 5 lines into "a" then add a further 5
"a5yy
10j
"A5yy
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[I : show lines matching word under cursor <cword>
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#Conventional Shifting
:‘a(chǎn),‘b>>
# visual shifting (builtin-repeat)
:vnoremap < <gv
:vnoremap > >gv
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# searching
/^joe.*fred.*bill/ : normal
/^[A-J]\+/ : search for lines beginning A-J followed by at leat 1 A-J
/forum\(\_.\)*pent search over possible multiple lines
/fred\_s*joe/i : any whitespace including newline
/fred\|joe : Search for FRED OR JOE
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#substitution
:%s/fred/joe/igc : general substitute command
:%s/\r//g : Delete DOS returns ^M
:‘a(chǎn),‘bg/fred/s/dick/joe/gc : VERY USEFUL
:s/\(.*\):\(.*\)/\2 : \1/ : reverse fields separated by :
:%s/^.\{-}pdf/new.pdf/ non greedy matching (ie to first pdf)
:s/fred/<c-r>a/g substitute "fred" with contents of register "a"
:%s/^\(.*\)\n\1/\1$/ delete duplicate lines
# non-greedy matching \{-}
:%s/^.\{-}pdf/new.pdf/
:help /\{-}
:s/fred/<c-r>a/g substitute "fred" with contents of register "a"
# multiple commands
:%s/\f\+\.gif\>/\r&\r/g | v/\.gif$/d | %s/gif/jpg/
:%s/suck\|buck/loopy/gc : ORing
:s/__date__/\=strftime("%c")/ : insert datestring
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# global command
:g/^\s*$/d :delete all blank lines
:g!/^dd/d : delete lines not containing string
:v/^dd/d : delete lines not containing string
:g/fred/,/joe/d : not line based
:v/./.,/./-1join : compress empty lines
:‘a(chǎn),‘b g/^Error/ . w >> errors.txt
:g/cmap\|form/p : ORing
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# Paste register *
:redir @* : redirect commands to paste
:redir END
"*yy : yank to paste
"*p : insert paste buffer
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# Formatting text
gq<CR>
gqap (a is motion p paragraph (visual mode))
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# Operate command over multiple files
:argdo %s/foo/bar/
:bufdo %s/foo/bar/
:windo %s/foo/bar/
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Command line tricks
gvim -h
ls | gvim - : edit a PIPE!!
# vg.ksh (shell script)
# vi all files in directory containing keyword $1 and jump to $1
gvim.exe -c "/$1" $(grep -isl "$1" *) &
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<<fold braces and javadoc | Open a web-browser with the URL in the current line >>
# Vim traps
In regular expressions you must backslash + (match 1 or more)
/fred\+/ : matches fred/freddy but not free
----------------------------------------
# \v or very magic (usually) reduces backslashing
/codes\(\n\|\s\)*where : normal regexp
/\vcodes(\n|\s)*where : very magic
----------------------------------------
# pulling objects onto command/search line (SUPER)
CTRL-R CTRL-W Pull word under the cursor into a command line or search
CTRL-R - : pull small register
CTRL-R [0-9a-z] : pull named registers
CTRL-R % : pull file name (also #)
----------------------------------------
# manipulating registers
map <f11> "qyy:let @q=@q."zzz"
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# help
:h visual<C-D><tab> : obtain list of all visual help topics
: Then use tab to step thru them
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# where was an option set
:verbose set history : reveals value of history and where set
----------------------------------------
# running file thru an external program (eg php)
map <f9> :w<CR>:!c:/php/php.exe %<CR>
----------------------------------------
david@tvis.co.uk, September 13, 2002 1:45
# Inserting Carriage Returns
:%s/nubian/<C-V><C-M>&/g : that‘s what you type
:%s/nubian/<C-Q><C-M>&/g : for Win32
:%s/nubian/^M&/g : what you‘ll see where ^M is ONE character
----------------------------------------
# Retrieving last command line command for copy & pasting into text
<c-r>:
# Retrieving last Search Command for copy & pasting into text
<c-r>/
----------------------------------------
# doing things over multiple lines \_ means including newline
/<!--\_p\{-}--> : search for multiple line comments
/fred\_s*joe/i : any whitespace including newline
/bugs\(\_.\)*bunny : bugs followed by bunny anywhere in file
:h \_ : help
----------------------------------------
# more completions
<C-X><C-F> :insert name of a file in current directory
----------------------------------------
# help for help
:h visual<C-D><tab> : obtain list of all visual help topics
: Then use tab to step thru them
:h ctrl<C-D> : list help of all control keys
:h :r : help for :ex command
:h CTRL-R : normal mode
:h \r : what‘s \r in a regexp
:h i_CTRL-R : help for say <C-R> in insert mode
:h c_CTRL-R : help for say <C-R> in command mode
:h v_CTRL-V : visual mode
----------------------------------------
kdr_tech@yahoo.com, November 3, 2002 10:23
This is an extension to
# pulling objects onto command/search line
This is a must have script.
Have recently started to appreciate taglist.vim (the most popular VIM script) it really comes into it‘s own with very long programs containting lots of subroutines/functions as it shows which function/sub you‘re in etc etc
It‘s so much better to read. Saves one byte over ggVGg?
Also, it does not require the overhead of selecting the whole file,
especially if the file is huge.
Anyway, thanks, I don‘t know how I didn‘t realize that I was trying to insert escaped characters when not in insert mode. (I‘ve been using vi/vim for ~11 years)
