演講者：David Kelley
演講名稱(chēng)：How to build your creative confidence
1.I wanted to talk to you today about creative confidence.
今天我想講一講關(guān)于創(chuàng )造力自信心的問(wèn)題。
2.I'm going to start way back in the third grade at Oakdale School in Barberton, Ohio.
最開(kāi)始我要追溯到我還在俄亥俄州巴伯頓的歐克代爾學(xué)校上三年級的時(shí)候。
3.I remember one day my best friend Brian was working on a project.
記得有一天，我最好的朋友布萊恩正在做手工。
4.He was making a horse out of the clay that our teacher kept under the sink.
他在用老師放在水池下的陶土做一匹馬。
5.And at one point, one of the girls who was sitting at his table, seeing what he was doing, leaned over and said to him, 'That's terrible. That doesn't look anything like a horse.'
忽然，跟他同桌的一個(gè)女孩兒看到他在做的東西，靠過(guò)來(lái)說(shuō)道 “真差勁。那看起來(lái)一點(diǎn)兒也不像馬”。
6.And Brian's shoulders sank.
布萊恩的肩膀懈下來(lái)。
7.And he wadded up the clay horse and he threw it back in the bin.
把陶土小馬捏成一團，扔進(jìn)了垃圾箱。
8.I never saw Brian do a project like that ever again.
之后我再也沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)布萊恩做類(lèi)似的手工了。
9.And I wonder how often that happens.
我想知道這種事有多普遍。
10.It seems like when I tell that story of Brian to my class, a lot of them want to come up after class and tell me about their similar experience,
當我對學(xué)生們講布萊恩的故事時(shí)，似乎有很多人想在課后留下來(lái)告訴了我他們自己類(lèi)似的經(jīng)歷。
11.how a teacher shut them down or how a student was particularly cruel to them.
老師如何貶低他們、同學(xué)如何不留情面。
12.And some opt out thinking of themselves as creative at that point.
其中一些人從此再也不相信自己是有創(chuàng )意的人。
13.And I see that opting out that happens in childhood, and it moves in and becomes more ingrained, even by the time you get to adult life.
我發(fā)現這種童年時(shí)的陰影會(huì )變得越來(lái)越深刻，甚至直至成年。
14.So we see a lot of this.
所以我們看到很多這樣的例子。
15.When we have a workshop or when we have clients in to work with us side by side, eventually we get to the point in the process that's fuzzy or unconventional.
當我們辦講座或是與客戶(hù)在一起工作的時(shí)候，最終我們會(huì )進(jìn)入一個(gè)環(huán)節，一個(gè)模糊的、非常規的環(huán)節。
16.And eventually these bigshot executives whip out their Blackberries and they say they have to make really important phone calls, and they head for the exits.
最終，這些高層經(jīng)理會(huì )抽出他們的黑莓手機，說(shuō)他們必須打幾個(gè)非常重要的電話(huà) 然后就走出了房間。
17.And they're just so uncomfortable.
他們感到極不舒服。
18.When we track them down and ask them what's going on, they say something like, 'I'm just not the creative type.'
當我們跟蹤調查，問(wèn)他們到底是怎么回事 他們回答道：“我真不是創(chuàng )造型的人”。
19.But we know that's not true.
我們知道事實(shí)并非如此。
20.If they stick with the process, if they stick with it, they end up doing amazing things and they surprise themselves just how innovative
如果他們堅持到底，就會(huì )取得非常驚人的成果，然后他們會(huì )感到非常驚奇。
21.they and their teams really are.
自己和所在團隊是多么有創(chuàng )意。
22.So I've been looking at this fear of judgment that we have.
所以我一直在研究這種評價(jià)恐懼癥。
23.That you don't do things, you're afraid you're going to be judged.
你不去做一件事，因為你害怕被評價(jià)。
24.If you don't say the right creative thing, you're going to be judged.
如果你說(shuō)不出正確的有創(chuàng )造性的想法，就會(huì )被品頭論足。
25.And I had a major breakthrough when I met the psychologist Albert Bandura.
我的主要突破發(fā)生在我遇到心理學(xué)家艾伯特.班杜拉(Albert Bandura)之后。
26.I don't know if you know Albert Bandura.
我不知道你們是否了解艾伯特.班杜拉。
27.But if you go to Wikipedia, it says that he's the fourth most important psychologist in history -- like Freud, Skinner, somebody and Bandura.
但如果你們查查維基百科，上面寫(xiě)著(zhù)他是歷史上最重要的心理學(xué)家，前四名是弗洛伊德、斯金納、某某和班杜拉。
28.Bandura's 86 and he still works at Stanford.
班杜拉已經(jīng)86歲了，還在斯坦福任職。
29.And he's just a lovely guy.
他是一個(gè)友善的人。
30.And so I went to see him because he has just worked on phobias for a long time, which I'm very interested in.
我去拜訪(fǎng)他，因他在恐懼癥領(lǐng)域有多年經(jīng)驗，而我對此很感興趣。
31.He had developed this way, this kind of methodology, that ended up curing people in a very short amount of time.
他開(kāi)發(fā)出一種方法，能在短時(shí)間內治好各種恐懼癥。
32.In four hours he had a huge cure rate of people who had phobias.
在四小時(shí)的治療時(shí)間里，治愈率相當高。
33.And we talked about snakes.
我們談到了蛇。
34.I don't know why we talked about snakes, but we talked about snakes and fear of snakes as a phobia.
不知為何，不過(guò)我們就談到了蛇，以及人對蛇的恐懼。
35.And it was really enjoyable, really interesting.
談話(huà)令人愉悅，非常有趣。
36.He told me that he'd invite the test subject in, and he'd say, 'You know, there's a snake in the next room and we're going to go in there.'
他告訴我他邀請受試者進(jìn)入房間，對他們說(shuō)：“隔壁房間有一條蛇 我們要走進(jìn)去”。
37.To which, he reported, most of them replied, 'Hell no, I'm not going in there, certainly if there's a snake in there.'
多數受試者回答：“天哪，不！我肯定不會(huì )進(jìn)去的！ 有蛇在那兒！”
38.But Bandura has a step-by-step process that was super successful.
班杜拉有一套極為成功的步驟。
39.So he'd take people to this two-way mirror looking into the room where the snake was, and he'd get them comfortable with that.
首先他把受試者帶到雙面鏡前，觀(guān)察蛇在房間里的動(dòng)向，讓人們逐漸適應。
40.And then through a series of steps, he'd move them and they'd be standing in the doorway with the door open and they'd be looking in there.
然后經(jīng)過(guò)一系列步驟，受試者被帶到打開(kāi)的房間門(mén)口站著(zhù) 往里面看。
41.And he'd get them comfortable with that.
并逐漸適應。
42.And then many more steps later, baby steps, they'd be in the room, they'd have a leather glove like a welder's glove on, and they'd eventually touch the snake.
之后還有許多循序漸進(jìn)的步驟，他們進(jìn)入房間，帶著(zhù)焊工那種皮手套 觸摸蛇。
43.And when they touched the snake, everything was fine. They were cured.
當他們摸到蛇的時(shí)候，一切安好。他們被治好了。
44.In fact, everything was better than fine.
事實(shí)上，結果比這更好。
45.These people who had life-long fears of snakes were saying things like, 'Look how beautiful that snake is.'
這些生來(lái)對蛇恐懼的人 說(shuō)道：“看那條蛇多漂亮?！?/span>
46.And they were holding it in their laps.
他們可以把蛇放在膝蓋上。
47.Bandura calls this process 'guided mastery.'
班杜拉稱(chēng)之為“引導性掌控”。
48.I love that term: guided mastery.
我喜歡這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)：“引導性掌控”。
49.And something else happened, these people who went through the process and touched the snake ended up having less anxiety about other things in their lives.
其他的事發(fā)生了，在這些人經(jīng)歷所有程序最后觸摸到蛇后，他們對生活中其他事情的焦慮也都減輕了。
50.They tried harder, they persevered longer, and they were more resilient in the face of failure.
他們更努力，更堅持，在失敗面前表現得更有韌性。
51.They just gained a new confidence.
他們獲得了一種新的自信。
52.And Bandura calls that confidence self-efficacy -- the sense that you can change the world and that you can attain what you set out to do.
班杜拉稱(chēng)這種自信為“自我效能”，一種你能改變世界的感覺(jué)，你能達成自己目標的感覺(jué)。
53.Well meeting Bandura was really cathartic for me because I realized that this famous scientist had documented and scientifically validated
與班杜拉的會(huì )見(jiàn)對我意義非凡，因為我認識到這位著(zhù)名的科學(xué)家有文獻和科學(xué)證據來(lái)證明
54.something that we've seen happen for the last 30 years.
我們過(guò)去三十年所見(jiàn)證的事情。
55.That we could take people who had the fear that they weren't creative, and we could take them through a series of steps, kind of like a series of small successes,
證明了我們可以帶領(lǐng)那些懼怕自己沒(méi)有創(chuàng )造力的人們，通過(guò)一系列步驟、一系列小小的成功
56.and they turn fear into familiarity, and they surprise themselves.
把懼怕成為熟悉，讓他們給自己帶來(lái)驚喜。
57.That transformation is amazing.
這種轉變是驚人的。
58.We see it at the d.school now all the time.
我們不斷在斯坦福設計學(xué)院(d.school)看到。
59.People from all different kinds of disciplines, they think of themselves as only analytical.
不同學(xué)科的人們 他們認為自己只是善于分析。
60.And they come in and they go through the process, our process, they build confidence and now they think of themselves differently.
他們來(lái)我們這兒，經(jīng)歷我們開(kāi)發(fā)的流程、樹(shù)立自信，對自己產(chǎn)生新的看法。
61.And they're totally emotionally excited about the fact that they walk around thinking of themselves as a creative person.
他們會(huì )非常的激動(dòng)，因為他們從此之后會(huì )認為自己是有創(chuàng )造力的人。
62.So I thought one of the things I'd do today is take you through and show you what this journey looks like.
我認為我今天的任務(wù)之一，就是向你們展示這個(gè)過(guò)程是怎樣的。
63.To me, that journey looks like Doug Dietz.
對于我來(lái)說(shuō)，演示這個(gè)過(guò)程最好的例子就是道格.迪茲(Doug Dietz)。
64.Doug Dietz is a technical person.
道格.迪茲是個(gè)技術(shù)型人才。
65.He designs medical imaging equipment, large medical imaging equipment.
他設計醫用成像設備 大型的醫用成像設備。
66.He's worked for GE, and he's had a fantastic career.
他為通用電氣(GE)工作，有非常成功的事業(yè)。
67.But at one point he had a moment of crisis.
不過(guò)他也曾有危機時(shí)刻。
68.He was in the hospital looking at one of his MRI machines in use when he saw a young family.
他在醫院里觀(guān)察他的核磁共振儀器的實(shí)際使用，他看到一個(gè)年輕的家庭
69.There was a little girl, and that little girl was crying and was terrified.
那家的小女孩被嚇哭了。
70.And Doug was really disappointed to learn that nearly 80 percent of the pediatric patients in this hospital had to be sedated in order to deal with his MRI machine.
道格心情沮喪地發(fā)現，醫院里將近80%的兒科患者，需要服用鎮靜劑才能做核磁共振。
71.And this was really disappointing to Doug, because before this time he was proud of what he did.
因為這之前他一直為自己的工作感到驕傲，這令道格大為受挫。
72.He was saving lives with this machine.
他覺(jué)得自己的這臺機器能拯救生命。
73.But it really hurt him to see the fear that this machine caused in kids.
然而事實(shí)給了他很大打擊，這臺機器給孩子們帶來(lái)的是恐懼。
74.About that time he was at the d.school at Stanford taking classes.
就在那時(shí)，他正在斯坦福設計學(xué)院學(xué)習。
75.He was learning about our process about design thinking, about empathy, about iterative prototyping.
他知道了我們的流程 關(guān)于設計性思維，同情心以及迭代的原型設計。
76.And he would take this new knowledge and do something quite extraordinary.
他運用了這些新知識，做出了非凡的成果。
77.He would redesign the entire experience of being scanned.
他重新設計了掃描檢查的全部體驗。
78.And this is what he came up with.
這就是他的成果。
79.He turned it into an adventure for the kids.
他把核磁共振檢查變成了孩子們的大冒險。
80.He painted the walls and he painted the machine, and he got the operators retrained by people who know kids, like children's museum people.
他在墻上和機器上畫(huà)上圖案，他請懂孩子的人對醫務(wù)人員重新培訓， 比如說(shuō)兒童博物館的工作人員。
81.And now when the kid comes, it's an experience.
對孩子們來(lái)說(shuō)這是一次獨特體驗。
82.And they talk to them about the noise and the movement of the ship.
他們對孩子們解釋噪音和檢查艙的運行。
83.And when they come, they say, 'Okay, you're going to go into the pirate ship, but be very still because we don't want the pirates to find you.'
他們對來(lái)檢查的孩子說(shuō)：“好了，你現在要潛入這艘海盜船，別亂動(dòng)，不然海盜會(huì )發(fā)現你的?！?/span>
84.And the results were super dramatic.
結果是戲劇化的。
85.So from something like 80 percent of the kids needing to be sedated, to something like 10 percent of the kids needing to be sedated.
需要服用鎮靜劑的孩子從80% 降到了10%。
86.And the hospital and GE were happy too.
醫院和通用電氣公司對此都很高興。
87.Because you didn't have to call the anesthesiologist all the time, they could put more kids through the machine in a day.
他們不用一直找麻醉師了，每天可以做的檢查數量增加了。
88.So the quantitative results were great.
這個(gè)定量結果十分顯著(zhù)。
89.But Doug's results that he cared about were much more qualitative.
但道格真正在乎的是定性結論。
90.He was with one of the mothers waiting for her child to come out of the scan.
他陪同一位母親，等待她的孩子完成檢查。
91.And when the little girl came out of her scan, she ran up to her mother and said, 'Mommy, can we come back tomorrow?'
當小女孩做完了檢查 她跑到媽媽那兒說(shuō)：“媽媽?zhuān)覀兠魈爝€能來(lái)嗎？”
92.(Laughter) And so I've heard Doug tell the story many times, of his personal transformation and the breakthrough design that happened from it,
(笑聲) 我不止一次聽(tīng)道格講起這個(gè)故事，這個(gè)故事關(guān)于他個(gè)人的轉變 和由此而來(lái)的突破性設計。
93.but I've never really seen him tell the story of the little girl without a tear in his eye.
但每一次他講到那個(gè)小女孩的故事，他都會(huì )眼含淚水。
94.Doug's story takes place in a hospital.
道格的故事發(fā)生在醫院里。
95.I know a thing or two about hospitals.
我恰巧對醫院略知一二。
96.A few years ago I felt a lump on the side of my neck, and it was my turn in the MRI machine.
幾年前我感覺(jué)自己的脖子側面長(cháng)了一個(gè)腫塊，于是輪到我去做核磁共振了。
97.It was cancer. It was the bad kind.
是腫瘤，惡性的。
98.I was told I had a 40 percent chance of survival.
我被告知只有40%的存活率。
99.So while you're sitting around with the other patients in your pajamas and everybody's pale and thin and you're waiting for your turn to get the gamma rays,
當我坐在一群穿著(zhù)病號服的病患中間，所有人看起來(lái)都蒼白瘦弱，等著(zhù)輪到自己做放療的那些時(shí)間里
100.you think of a lot of things.
會(huì )想到很多事。
101.Mostly you think about, 'Am I going to survive?'
多數時(shí)間是想“我能活下來(lái)嗎？”
102.And I thought a lot about what was my daughter's life going to be like without me?
我也無(wú)數次想到，要是我不在了，我女兒會(huì )怎樣？
103.But you think about other things.
我也想到很多別的事情。
104.I thought a lot about, What was I put on Earth to do?
我經(jīng)常想：我來(lái)到世上究竟要做什么？
105.What was my calling? What should I do?
我的使命是什么？我應該做什么？
106.And I was lucky because I had lots of options.
我很幸運，因為有很多選擇。
107.We'd been working in health and wellness, and K through 12, and the developing world.
我們一直從事醫療福利領(lǐng)域的工作 為K through 12項目工作，為第三世界工作。
108.And so there were lots of projects that I could work on.
我能做的項目有很多。
109.But I decided and I committed to at this point to the thing I most wanted to do -- was to help as many people as possible regain the creative confidence they lost along their way.
但在那時(shí)我決定要投身于我最想做的工作，那就是去幫助盡可能多的人，讓他們重新獲得成長(cháng)過(guò)程中丟失的創(chuàng )造力自信心。
110.And if I was going to survive, that's what I wanted to do.
如果我活下來(lái)，我就去做這件事。
111.I survived, just so you know.
我活下來(lái)了，如你們所見(jiàn)。
112.(Laughter) (Applause) I really believe that when people gain this confidence -- and we see it all the time at the d.school and at IDEO --
(笑聲) (鼓掌聲) 我堅信 當人們獲得這種自信，正如我們一直以來(lái)在斯坦福設計學(xué)院和IDEO公司看到的。
113.they actually start working on the things that are really important in their lives.
人們就會(huì )開(kāi)始研究生命中真正重要的東西。
114.We see people quit what they're doing and go in new directions.
一些人辭掉當下的工作，開(kāi)辟了新的方向。
115.We see them come up with more interesting, and just more, ideas so they can choose from better ideas.
他們有了更多有趣的想法，這讓他們能從更好的想法中作出抉擇。
116.And they just make better decisions.
做出更好的抉擇。
117.So I know at TED you're supposed to have a change-the-world kind of thing.
我知道在TED應該有種改變世界的精神。
118.Everybody has a change-the-world thing.
每個(gè)人都有這種改變世界的精神。
119.If there is one for me, this is it. To help this happen.
對于我來(lái)說(shuō)，就是讓這一切發(fā)生。
120.So I hope you'll join me on my quest -- you as thought leaders.
我希望諸位能加入我的探索，作為思想的領(lǐng)袖。
121.It would be really great if you didn't let people divide the world into the creatives and the non-creatives, like it's some God-given thing,
這是一件偉大的事：不讓人們把世界上的人分成有創(chuàng )意和沒(méi)創(chuàng )意兩種，好像創(chuàng )造力是上天恩賜似的
122.and to have people realize that they're naturally creative.
而是讓人們意識到他們天生是有創(chuàng )造力的。
123.And those natural people should let their ideas fly.
而且人們應該為自己的創(chuàng )意插上現實(shí)的翅膀。
124.That they should achieve what Bandura calls self-efficacy, that you can do what you set out to do, and that you can reach a place of creative confidence
這樣他們就會(huì )成就班杜拉所說(shuō)的“自我效能”，你能夠達到自己的目標，你可以擁有創(chuàng )造力自信心。
125.and touch the snake.
然后去觸碰蛇。
126.Thank you.
謝謝各位。
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