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4. HTTP訪(fǎng)問(wèn)

Web簡(jiǎn)單看就是HTML + HTTP。前面提供的HTML讀取函數所需要的原始HTML文本，得通過(guò)HTTP協(xié)議從各個(gè)web site上讀取到。用socket可以實(shí)現HTPP訪(fǎng)問(wèn)，但是想比較全面地支持HTTP協(xié)議，使用現成的HTTP服務(wù)顯得更有效率。

微軟提供了Windows平臺上訪(fǎng)問(wèn)HTTP的二組API組合，WinINet, WinHTTP

這里給出二個(gè)讀取Web網(wǎng)頁(yè)的函數，

* 使用WinINet的readHTTPFile

* 使用WinHTTP的getHTTPFile

void

getHttpFile( const HINTERNET h_site,

       string & rd,

       const string & site,

       const string & path,

       UInt32 flags = 0 )

{

       if ( path.empty() )

              return;

       HINTERNET h_file = NULL;

       wchar_t w_str[WSTR_LENGTH];

       ::memset( w_str, 0, WSTR_LENGTH * sizeof(wchar_t) );

       try

       {

              UInt32 l_0 = 0;

              UInt32 l_1 = 0;

              char *p_buf = NULL;

              ::mbstowcs( w_str, path.c_str(), path.size() );

              h_file = ::WinHttpOpenRequest( h_site,

                            L"GET",

                            w_str,

                            NULL,

                            WINHTTP_NO_REFERER,

                            WINHTTP_DEFAULT_ACCEPT_TYPES,

                            flags );

              if ( h_file == NULL )

                     throw ::GetLastError();

              BOOL b_res = ::WinHttpSendRequest( h_file,

                            WINHTTP_NO_ADDITIONAL_HEADERS,

                            0,

                            WINHTTP_NO_REQUEST_DATA,

                            0,

                            0,

                            0 );

              if ( ! b_res )

                     throw ::GetLastError();

              b_res = ::WinHttpReceiveResponse( h_file, NULL );

              if ( ! b_res )

                     throw ::GetLastError();

              // 如果需要可以在這里或稍后讀入http cookies

              do

              {

                     l_0 = 0;

                     b_res = ::WinHttpQueryDataAvailable( h_file, &l_0 );

                     p_buf = new char[l_0 + 1];

                     ::ZeroMemory( p_buf, l_0 + 1 );

                     if ( b_res )

                     {

                            b_res = ::WinHttpReadData( h_file,

                                          p_buf,

                        l_0,

                                          &l_1 );

                            if ( b_res )

                            {

                                   if ( l_1 > 0 )

                                          rd.append( p_buf, l_1 );

                            }

                     }

                     delete [] p_buf;

              } while ( l_0 > 0 );

              if ( ! b_res )

                     throw ::GetLastError();

              canonHTML( rd );

              ::WinHttpCloseHandle( h_file );

       }

       catch ( ... )

       {

              if ( h_file != NULL )

                     ::WinHttpCloseHandle( h_file );

              throw;

       }

}

void

readHttpFile( string &rd,

       const CHttpConnection &server,

       const string & src_page )

{

       if ( src_page.empty() )

              return;

       DWORD dw_ret;

       CHttpFile *p_file = NULL;

       CHttpConnection *p_svr = const_cast<CHttpConnection *>(&server);

       char *rd_buf = NULL;

       try

       {

              p_file = p_svr->OpenRequest( CHttpConnection::HTTP_VERB_GET,

                     src_page.c_str(),

                     NULL,

                     1,

                     NULL,

                     NULL,

                     INTERNET_FLAG_EXISTING_CONNECT

                     | INTERNET_FLAG_RELOAD );

              p_file->SendRequest( "\r\n", 2 );

              p_file->QueryInfoStatusCode( dw_ret );

              if ( dw_ret != HTTP_STATUS_OK )

                     throw std::exception( "failed" );

              rd_buf = new char[BUF_SIZE];

              if ( rd_buf == NULL )

                     throw std::exception( "insufficientMemory" );

              rd.erase();

              memset( rd_buf, 0, BUF_SIZE );

              int l = p_file->Read( rd_buf, BUF_SIZE );

              while ( l > 0 )

              {

                     rd.append( rd_buf, l );

                     l = p_file->Read( rd_buf, BUF_SIZE );

              }

              if ( rd.empty() )

                     throw std::exception( "noContent" );

              canonHTML( rd );

              p_file->Close();

              delete [] rd_buf;

       }

       catch ( CInternetException *p_ex )

       {

              p_file->Close();

              if ( rd_buf ) delete [] rd_buf;

              TCHAR sz_err[255];

              p_ex->GetErrorMessage( sz_err, 255 );

              throw std::exception( sz_err );

       }

       catch ( ... )

       {

              p_file->Close();

              if ( rd_buf ) delete [] rd_buf;

              throw;

       }

}